what is gernal fomula of aldehydes?

Question

from the chapter CARBON COMPOUND

Answer 1

RCOH
An aldehyde.
-R is the group attached to the carbonyl group.
R is alkyl group.in aldehydes one hydrogen is also attached to carbonyl group.

Answer 2

One of a class of organic chemical compounds represented by the general formula RCHO. Formaldehyde, the simplest aldehyde, has the formula HCHO, where R is hydrogen. For all other aldehydes, R is a hydrocarbon radical which may be substituted with other groups such as halogen or hydroxyl. Because of their high chemical reactivity, aldehydes are important intermediates for the manufacture of resins, plasticizers, solvents, dyes, and pharmaceuticals.

At room temperature formaldehyde is a colorless gas. The other low-molecular-weight aldehydes are colorless liquids having characteristic, somewhat acrid odors. The unsaturated aldehydes acrolein and crotonaldehyde are powerful lacrimators. The important reactions of aldehydes include oxidation, reduction, aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction, and reactions with compounds containing nitrogen.

Because of the importance of aldehydes as chemical intermediates, many industrial and laboratory syntheses have been developed. The more important of these methods include catalytic dehydrogenation of primary alcohols, oxidation of primary alcohols, oxidation of olefins, and hydroformylation of olefins.

-HCHO may be called formaldehyde.
-CH3CHO may be called acetaldehyde.
-C6H5CHO may be called benzaldehyde

Answer 3

The general formula of Aldehydes is R-CHO

Answer 4

The group of aldehydes is called aliphatic and has the general formula CH3(CH2)nC HO, where n=1-6. When n=1, the aldehyde formula is CH3CH2CHO and is named propanal (propionaldehyde); when n=2, CH3(CH2)2C HO or butanal (butyraldehyde).

Answer 5

CnH2nO.Thats it.This is the general formula of aldehydes and ketones.you cant find a better answer than this!!!!

Answer 6

Hello your studing in Xth na?
Anyways Answer is R(Alkali)-C-(Double Bond) - O
Hydrogen(single bond)

Answer 7

"-CHO" is the general formula for aldehydes.
A suffix "al" is used in the naming of these organic compounds.

Answer 8

Aldehydes are a class of highly reactive organic chemical compounds that contain a carbonyl group (in which a carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom) and at least one hydrogen atom bound to the alpha carbon (the central carbon atom in the carbonyl group). The aldehydes are similar to the ketones, which also contain a carbonyl group. In the aldehydes, however, the carbonyl group is attached to the end of a chain of carbon atoms, which is not the case with the ketones. The name aldehyde was given to this group of compounds in the nineteenth century by German chemist Justus von Liebig (1803-1873) and was taken from a mock Latin phrase, alcohol dehydrogenatus, describing their preparation. (The first aldehyde was prepared by removing two hydrogen atoms (dehydrogenation) from ethanol.) The general formula for an aldehyde is RCHO, with R representing an alkyl group.

The names of specific aldehydes are generally taken from the name of the alkyl group with the addition of an "-al" ending, e.g. methanal, ethanal. Aldehydes are generally colorless liquids or (for those with a ring structure) solids. They can be prepared from the oxidation of primary alcohols. The CHO group of the aldehydes does not form hydrogen bonds, unlike the OH group of the alcohols. As a result, the boiling points of aldehydes are considerably lower than the boiling points of corresponding alcohols. For example, menthanol boils at 150.8°F (66°C) and methanal (formaldehyde) boils at -5.8°F (- 21°C). Most aldehydes are soluble in water; their solubility decreases as their molecular weight increases. Aldehydes are very easy to detect by smell. Some are very fragrant, and others have a smell resembling that of rotten fruit.

Aldehydes have a strong tendency to join together to produce polymers. This makes the whole group very important in the manufacture of plastics, and they react quite readily with a large number of other molecules by simple addition. Aldehydes can be converted to alcohols by the addition of two hydrogen atoms to the central carbon oxygen double bond (reduction). Oxidation of an aldehyde breaks the double bond within the carbonyl group to give a carboxylic acid. Aldehydes also readily undergo substitution reactions with halogens. If chlorine gas is bubbled through ethanal, the hydrogen atoms of the methyl group are replaced by chlorine atoms to give chloral. Chloral is a strong hypnotic and is also the first step in the manufacture of DDT, carbon tetrachloride. Chloroform, and silicone rubbers.

Methanal (formaldehyde) is the simplest aldehyde. The central carbon atom in the carbonyl group is bound to two hydrogen atoms. Its chemical formula is H2C=O. Methanal, discovered by Russian chemist Aleksandr Butlerov in 1859, is a gas in its pure state. It is either mixed with water and sold as formalin solutions or as a solid polymer called paraformaldehyde. The rather small methanal molecule is very reactive and has found applications in the manufacture of many organic chemicals such as dyes and medical drugs. Methanal is also a good insecticide, and it is used to kill germs in warehouses and ships. It is probably most familiar to the general public in its application as a preservative. In biological laboratories, animals and organs are suspended in formaldehyde solutions, which are also used as embalming fluid to preserve dead bodies from decay.

Ethanal (acetaldehyde) is the name of the shortest carbon chain aldehyde. It has a central carbon atom that has a double bond to an oxygen atom (the carbonyl group), a single bond to a hydrogen atom, and a single bond to another carbon atom connected to three hydrogen atoms (methyl group). Its chemical formula is written as CH3CHO. Ethanal is one of the oldest known aldehydes and was first made in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742-1786). Its structure was not completely understood until 60 years later, when Justus von Liebig determined the constitution of ethanal, described its preparation from ethanol, and gave the name of aldehydes to the chemical group.

The next larger aldehyde molecules have longer carbon atom chains with each carbon atom connected to two hydrogen atoms. This group of aldehydes is called aliphatic and has the general formula CH3(CH2)nC HO, where n=1-6. When n=1, the aldehyde formula is CH3CH2CHO and is named propanal (propionaldehyde); when n=2, CH3(CH2)2C HO or butanal (butyraldehyde). The aliphatic aldehydes have irritating smells. For example, the smell of butanal, in low concentrations, resembles that of rotten butter. These medium-length aldehyde molecules are used as intermediates in the manufacture of other chemicals such as acetone and ethyl acetate used in nail polish remover. They are also important in the production of plastics.

Fatty aldehydes contain long chains of carbon atoms connected to an aldehyde group. They have 8-13 carbon atoms in their molecular formula. The fatty aldehydes have a very pleasant odor, with a fruity or a floral scent, and can be detected in very low concentrations. Because of these characteristics, the fatty aldehydes are used in the formulation of many perfumes. They are also added to soaps and detergents to give them their "fresh lemon scent."

The aromatic aldehyde's have a benzene or phenyl ring connected to the aldehyde group. The aromatic aldehyde molecules have very complex structures but are probably the easiest to identify. The odor of cinnamon found in various products is due to an aromatic aldehyde of complex structure named 3-phenyl-2-propenal (cinnamaldehyde). Another aldehyde, 4- hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde (vanillin), is a constituent of many vanilla-scented perfumes.

Answer 9

(CH3)-(CH2)-(CO)-(CH3) or C2H5(CO)CH3 is a ketone (ethylmethyl ketone or 2-butanone), and, (CH3)-(CH2)-(CH2)-CHO or C3H7CHO is an aldehyde (butanaldehyde or butanal), and yet another aldehyde is (CH3)-(CH-CH3)-CHO or CH3CH(CH3)CHO or 2-methylpropanal.

Answer 10

R-CH=O