what are the roles of genes in dna?

Answer 1

In eukaryotic cells, checkpoint genes cause arrest of cell division when DNA is damaged or when DNA replication is blocked. In this study of budding yeast checkpoint genes, we identify and characterize another role for these checkpoint genes after DNA damage-transcriptional induction of genes. We found that three checkpoint genes (of six genes tested) have strong and distinct roles in transcriptional induction in four distinct pathways of regulation (each defined by induction of specific genes). MEC1 mediates the response in three transcriptional pathways, RAD53 mediates two of these pathways, and RAD17 mediates but a single pathway. The three other checkpoint genes (including RAD9) have small (twofold) but significant roles in transcriptional induction in all pathways. One of the pathways that we identify here leads to induction of MEC1 and RAD53 checkpoint genes themselves. This suggests a positive feedback circuit that may increase the cell's ability to respond to DNA damage. We make two primary conclusions from these studies. First, MEC1 appears to be the key regulator because it is required for all responses (both transcriptional and cell cycle arrest), while other genes serve only a subset of these responses. Second, the two types of responses, transcriptional induction and cell cycle arrest, appear distinct because both require MEC1 yet only cell cycle arrest requires RAD9. These and other results were used to formulate a working model of checkpoint gene function that accounts for roles of different checkpoint genes in different responses and after different types of damage. The conclusion that the yeast MEC1 gene is a key regulator also has implications for the role of a putative human homologue, the ATM gene.

Answer 2

Genes are stretches of DNA. Each gene is like an instruction that tells the body how to operate. We have two copies of each gene (one from Mum, one from Dad, broadly speaking) that can be the same or different. Usually, one version is 'dominant', and that's the one that gets to express itself. The genes code for everything about your body, things like how to make proteins to the colour of your eyes. Virtually every cell in the body contains the complete code for how to build and operate that body. DNA is the chemical from which the genes are built. Genes are collected together in 46 separate molecules (chromosomes) in each cell. Using a computer analogy, DNA is the programming language, whereas the genes are the commands themselves.

Answer 3

the genes have small chromosones in them which carry the dna so say your going to have blue eyes there will be a string in the chromosone to say this person will have blue eyes and anotehr taht will say how tall you are its a mix of the parents dna if your asking well if the parents have both got blonde hair how will the baby have brown hair because both parent may have a strand of dna which says brown hair but it is over powered sort of by the blonde haired one therefore if tehy both have a brown dna strand then that may be possible for the brown hair dna strand to over power the blonde one. This maybe wroung but i thin kits right again sorry if it is not.

Answer 4

The DNA consists of genes.
Each gene codes for a specific protein which makes particular function in the
cell(the protein may be hormone,enzyme,or even a cell structure)
e.g. Insulin,produced by the cells of pancreas

Answer 5

Genes are like a sort of pincode to dna, this decides what species etc.........human bird reptile etc.
simplified answer but is the only way i could explain :)

Answer 6

nowadays the role of the genes is everything. its the genetic info to who you are and so some bad behaviours are being blamed on the genes. ever heard the excuse its cos i was born that way refering to something nasty they have done

Answer 7

what you mean is 'what is the roleofDNA in genes'?-genes are a part of chromosomes,which are made of DNA.

Answer 8

they are genetic information which makes you look like you are, no including the environment, these genes become from your parents when they are sexual intercourse.