please give us the name of a website which gives information about micro and megasporogenesis in field crops.

Question

especially in cereals ,oilseeds and forage and fibre crops.

Answer 1

Hi friend,
The best websites are -
www.google.com
www.yahoo.com
www.rediff.com
but if you simply open it.It will not work.You should take web from any of these three web sites and write there Information about micro and megasporogenesis in field crops.Start doing it now.Best of LUCK.

Answer 2

http://www.uog.edu.gy/faculties/faf/crops_course_outlines.htm

Answer 3

CROP SCIENCE COURSE OUTLINES




CSC 311 - AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS & WEED SCIENCE


15 weeks (Lectures 45 hours Labs 45 hours)

Concept of Weed; Losses due to the weeds; Terminologies used in weed science and agricultural chemicals; Common Weeds of Guyana and Caribbean; Weeds of World importance; Overview of methods of weed control; Integrated weed management; Preventive Weed Control; Cultural Weed Control; Biological Control of Weeds; Chemical control of Weeds; Concept of critical period of weed control; Weed Ecology/Biology; Herbicides; Insecticides; Fungicides; Rodenticides; Nematicides; Fertilizers; Soil Ameliorants; Factors that contribute to increased efficiency in Pesticide use.

Practicals Weed Identification; Pesticides and their formulations; The Pesticide label and its implications; Mixing of Pesticides and Compatibility Tests; Calibration of Pesticide Applicators; Pesticide Application Equipment; Maintenance of Pesticide Equipment; Pesticide Videos on Safety; Pesticide and Environment; Pesticides and Applicators Safety; Pesticides Storage.




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CSC 312 - PRINCIPLES OF PLANT PATHOLOGY


15 weeks (Lectures 45 hours Labs 45 hours)

Pre-requisite Course AGR 221 - Agricultural Microbiology

History of plant pathology; Economic importance of plant diseases; Plant disease concept; Definition of terminology; Symptoms and classification of plant diseases; Bacteria as causal agents of plant diseases; Fungi as causal agents of plant diseases; Viruses as causal agents of plant diseases; Nematodes as causal agents of plant diseases; Mollicutes as causal agents of plant diseases; Parasitic seed plants as causal agents of plant diseases; Abiotic plant diseases; Market pathology; Introduction to plant disease epidemiology; The influence of different environmental factors on the development and spread of infectious diseases; Pathogen production; Inoculum dynamics; Entry of Pathogen in hosts; Spread of pathogen in host; Toxins produced by plant pathogenic microorganisms; Host resistance and response to infection; Breeding for disease resistance; Cultural and Biological methods of disease control; Chemical methods of disease control; Introduction to genetics of host pathogen interactions; Introduction to Molecular plant pathology.

Practicals Microscopic studies of Fungi, Bacteria and Nematodes; Plant disease symptoms; Isolation of Bacteria from diseased plant parts, culturing of bacteria; Purification of bacterial pathogens; Infecting healthy plants with pure isolates of the bacteria; Completion of Koch's postulates; Isolating and culturing of plant pathogenic fungi; Purification of Fungal pathogens; Infecting healthy plants with pure isolates of fungi; Isolating plant pathogenic Nematodes; Studying parasitic seed plants; Symptoms of some major crop diseases and pathogen structures associated with these diseases. importance;


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CSC 321 - PLANT AND CROP PHYSIOLOGY 1


I 15 weeks (Lectures 45 hours Labs 45 hours)

Revision of some basic chemical principles such as acids, bases and salts and calculation of their concentration; Buffer solutions and their importance in the cell; The Physical properties of the cell. The chemical constitution of protoplasm; Imbibition, surface tension, diffusion and osmosis; Introduction to the principles of water movement; The mechanism of absorption of water and its relation to the anatomical structure of the root; The mechanism of movement of water along the transpiration stream and its relation to the anatomical structure of the xylem; Evaporation, movement of water in the leaf and the structure of the leaf; Macro- and micro - nutrients required by the plant; Physiological effect due to the deficiency of essential nutrients; Mechanism of uptake and translocation of nutrients; Introduction to the photosynthetic apparatus - Plant pigments and enzymes; Mechanism of photosynthesis and factors affecting the process; Introduction to Respiration; Mechanism of respiration and factors affecting the process; Allelopathy and agroforestry systems; Examination of some growth patterns for whole plants; Examination of growth of some selected plant organs; Biochemistry and physiology of auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins; Biochemistry and physiology of abscisic acid and polyamines; Interaction among the various hormones for some physiological process in the plant; Tropisms and nastic movements; Circadian rhythms; Seed dormancy and methods of overcoming dormancy; Vernalization and bud dormancy; Photoperiodism.


University of Guyana-Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Home Page


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CSC 411 - INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT


15 weeks (Lectures 45 hours, Labs 45 hours)

Insects and their relatives; General character; Describing insects body parts and appendages; Pests of agricultural veterinary and medical importance in Guyana; Non-arthropod pests of crops and livestock in Guyana; Characteristics and classification of fungi; A general account of bacteria, viruses and nematodes diseases of different crops in Guyana; Weeds-classification and identification biology and ecology of weeds; Weeds of different crops in Guyana; Methods of pest control - mechanical, chemical, biological, legislative and other methods, calibration and use of different pesticide application equipment; Integrated pest management; Economic threshold; Crop loss assessment; IMP in rice and sugar cane in Guyana.

Practicals These will be carried out to supplement classroom lectures and will include collection, identification and use of bioassay technique.


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CSC 412 - FIELD CROPS I


15 weeks (Lectures 45 hours, Labs 45 hours)

Cultivation of sugar cane, rice, groundnuts, soybeans, sorghum, corn, cow peas, tobacco, cotton, cassava, edible aroids, oil palm, pigeon peas, mung/urid.

Practicals Post-harvest management of sugar cane, rice, groundnuts, soybeans, sorghum, corn, cow peas, tobacco, cotton, cassava, edible aroids, oil palm, pigeon peas, mung/urid.

University of Guyana-Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Home Page


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CSC 413 - POMOLOGY, ORCHARD MANAGEMENT & FRUIT PRESERVATION


15 weeks (Lectures 45 hours, Labs 45 hours)

Discussion of the definition, importance, status and scope of Horticulture; Selection of site for orchards, laying of orchards; Irrigation and manuring of fruit plants; Pruning and training of fruit plants; Unfruitfulness, fruit drop and fruit thinning; Botany, propagation, cultural operations, pest and disease control, marketing and processing of mango; Botany, propagation, cultural operation, pest and disease control and marketing of banana and plantain; Discussion of the different varieties of citrus and their botany; Propagation of citrus (including budding and grafting); Cultural operations, pest and disease control; Marketing of citrus; Botany, cultural operations, pest and disease control, marketing and processing of guava; Botany, cultural operations, pest and disease control and marketing of papaya; Examination of the different varieties of pineapple and their botany, pest and diseases, propagation, cultural operations, marketing and processing of pineapple; Propagation, cultural requirements and marketing of coconut and oil palm; Cultivation, management, examination of common pests and diseases and marketing of tomato; Examination of the different varieties of cucurbits; Cultivation and management of cucurbits; Cultivation, management and marketing of onion, ochro (okra), cabbage, eshallot, legumes, ground provisions and other selected crops; Landscape planning and design for residential areas and parks; Marking lawns and their upkeep; Cultivation and maintenance of ornamental plants; Nutritional value of fresh fruit and vegetables; Methods of preservation and storage of fruits.


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CSC 414 - PLANT AND CROP PHYSIOLOGY II


15 weeks (Lectures 45 hours, Labs 45 hours)

Revision of the photosynthetic mechanism in C3, C4 and CAM plants; Comparison of photosynthetic efficiency in C3, C4 and CAM plants; The Physiology of crop yield and the relationship between light interception and yield; The concept of yield analysis and calculation of harvest index; The translocation of assimilates; The source-sink relationship of yield and the partitioning of assimilates; The calculation of crop yield i.e. net assimilation rates, leaf area index and crop growth rates; Crop geometry and planting density and their relation to yield; Nitrogen metabolism; The relationship between nitrogen metabolism and photosynthetic production; Introduction to environmental stress; Effect of salinity and acidity on the growth and development of plants; Discussion on areas with saline soil in Guyana and its effect on named crop plants; Physiological effect of drought and water-logging in plants; The above topic with particular reference to Guyana; Effect of temperature variation in plants and examination of the situation in Guyana; The physiology of rice, sugar cane, corn, soybean, maize and selected fruit crops.


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CSC 421 - SEED TECHNOLOGY


15 WEEKS (Lectures 45 hours Labs 45 hours)

Megasporogenesis; Megagametogenesis; Microsporogenesis; Microgametogenesis; Fertilisation; Maturation; Seed germination and vigour; Sequence in seed germination; Characteristics of deterioration; Measurements of seed vigour; Causes of seed deterioration; Characteristics, types, and methods for overcoming seed dormancy; Seed production and harvesting; Field inspection, isolation; Expected replacement demand for both self and cross pollinated crops; Adjustments to harvester, threshing index; Principles and methods of seed drying; Types of dryers; Seed conditioning; Principles of seed preparation; Seed cleaning equipment; Seed treatment and storage; Precepts of seed storage; Importance of moisture content and temperature in storage; Objectives of seed testing; Moisture purity analysis; Iodine varietal test for paddy; Seed certification procedures; Mechanical and chemical methods for overcoming seed dormancy; Purity analysis of seeds; Operations of a column dryer.

University of Guyana-Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Home Page


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CSC 422 - TROPICAL VEGETABLE PRODUCTION


15 WEEKS (Lectures 45 hours Labs 45 hours)

Nursery establishment and maintenance; Soils appropriate for vegetable cultivation, composting and gardening cultivation practices/vegetable production; Common pests on garden/vegetables and their control; Cultivation, protection practices, grading, marketing, and post harvest techniques for cabbage, pakchoy, mustard, cauliflower, carrots, egg plant, peppers, squash, pumpkin, cucumber, melons, onion, eschallot, okra, beans, tomatoes, saeme, smooth loofah (nenwah), ridged loofah (jinghi), bitter gourd (carila) and amaranths.


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CSC 423 - PLANT BREEDING


15 WEEKS (Lectures 45 hours Labs 45 hours)

Pre-requisites: AGR 222 - Fundamentals of Cytogenetics & Genetics AGR 322 - Introduction to Population & Quantitative Genetics Historical aspects and genetic basis of plant breeding; Objectives of plant breeding and introduction to some techniques used; Revision of floral biology of monocotyledons, dicotyledons, mitosis and meiosis; Modes of sexual and asexual reproduction in plants; Discussion of self pollination, cross pollination and floral biology of plants; Genetic, chromosomal and genetic - chromosomal sterility; Gametophytic and sporophytic self incompatibility; Methods of breeding self-pollinated and cross pollinated plants; Quantitative inheritance; Chimeras and graft hybrids; Examination of the various techniques used in tissue culture and plant improvements of some selected crops using micro propagation; Scope of plant breeding for improving the yield and quality of rice and sugar cane; Discussion on the current status of breeding in the sugar cane industry and for new rice varieties in Guyana; Genetic improvement of selected fruits and vegetables; Seed testing and maintenance of seed collection; Seed certification; Introduction to genetic engineering; Discussion on use of genetic engineering for the improvement of selective crops.


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CSC 424 - APPLIED PLANT PATHOLOGY


15 WEEKS (Lectures 45 hours Labs 45 hours)

Pre-requisite Courses: CSC 321 - Principles of Plant Pathology AGR 211 - Agricultural Biochemistry

Revision of principles of plant pathology; Taxonomy of plant pathogenic fungi; Taxonomy of plant pathogenic bacteria; Classification of plant viruses; Taxonomy of plant parasitic nematodes; Ecology of plant pathogenic microorganisms; Mechanism involved in pathogenicity - plant pathogenic fungi, Plant pathogenic bacteria, Plant pathogenic viruses, Plant pathogenic nematodes; Effects of pathogenesis on plant physiological functions; Structural defence to plant pathogens; Metabolic defence to plant pathogens; Genes and diseases, the gene-to-gene concept; Variability in plant pathogenic microorganism; Genetics of virulence in pathogens; Genetics of resistance in host plant; Measurement of plant diseases; Structure, pattern and development of epidemics; Forecasting plant disease epidemic; Post harvest diseases caused by microorganisms; Mycotoxin and mycotoxicosis; Application of bio-technology and molecular biology to plant pathology; In depth study of major diseases of rice, sugarcane, major vegetables and other crops grown locally for e.g. citrus, coconut etc.; Development of disease management programmes.

Practicals: Taxonomy of the different groups of plant pathogenic fungi, bacteria, nematodes; Effects of disease on photosynthesis; Laboratory studies on pathogenicity of plant pathogens; Laboratory studies on mechanisms of structural defence in plants; Laboratory studies of major diseases in rice, sugar cane, major vegetables and other important local crops; Laboratory studies on post harvest diseases.