structuralism?

Answer 1

What about it? This isn't a question.

Answer 2

The term "structuralism" itself appeared in the works of anthropologist Lévi-Strauss, but it goes beyond this discipline int other areas of social science. According to structural theory in anthropology and social anthropology, meaning is produced and reproduced within a culture through various practices, phenomena and activities which serve as systems of signification. A structuralist studies activities as diverse as food preparation and serving rituals, religious rites, games, literary texts, to discover the structures by which meaning is produced and reproduced within a culture.
If you are loooking for structuralism in linguistics, look up De Sausure ( I think that's how its spelled).

Answer 3

Structuralism in psychology (19th century)

At the turn of the 19th century the founding father of experimental psychology Wilhelm Wundt tried to confirm experimentally his hypothesis that conscious mental life can be broken down into fundamental elements, which then form more complex mental structures.

In this part of the 19th century, researchers were making great advances in chemistry and physics by analysing complex compounds (molecules) in terms of their elements (atoms). These successes encouraged psychologists to look for the mental elements of which more complex experiences were composed.

If the chemist made headway by analysing water into oxygen and hydrogen, perhaps the psychologist could make headway by considering a perception, e.g., the taste of lemonade, to be a "molecule" of conscious experience which can be analysed into elements of conscious experience: e.g., sweet, sour, cold, warm, bitter, and whatever else could be identified by introspection.

A major believer was the psychologist Edward B. Titchener who was trained by Wundt and worked at Cornell University. Since the goal was to specify mental structures, Titchener used the word "structuralism" to describe this branch of psychology (Atkinson, R.L. 1990, Introduction to Psychology. (10th Ed) New York, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, p767). Wundt's structuralism was quickly abandoned because its objects, conscious experiences, are not easily subjected to controlled experimentation in the same way that behavior is.

Answer 4

What kind of answers are you specifically seeking?
Definitions:
approach to religious studies in which one examines and analyzes the manner(s) in which religious consciousness and ritual practices are explicit reflections of the implicit values and assumptions by which a society or culture defines itself. The focus is not on what religion does for a group (instrumental), but rather on what religion says about a group (expressive).

History:
A school of thought which built up around a group of French thinkers in the 1950s and 60s. Figures such as Claude Lévi-Strauss (in anthropology), Roland Barthes (in literary and cultural studies), Jacques Lacan (in psychoanalysis) and Louis Althusser (in marxist theory) were influenced by the work of Ferdinand de Saussure