How can antibodes be raised against small molecules less than 100Da such as RDX?

Question

any reference would be appreciated

Answer 1

You attach the small molecule (called haptenic determinant) to a macromolecule (called the carrier). For example you can raise antibodies against the dinitrophenyl group (DNP) by attaching it to bovine serum albumin (BSA), then you raise antibodies against this molecule like for any other and then select/isolate the desired anti-DNP by affinity chromatography with a resin that has DNP groups attached to it.

If you do a literature search you might find detailed protocols and maybe alternative carriers