What is the Coriolis force?

Question

How this effect affects wind movement?

Answer 1

The Coriolis force is a fictitious force exerted on a body when it moves in a rotating reference frame. It is called a fictitious force because it is a by-product of measuring coordinates with respect to a rotating coordinate system as opposed to an actual "push or pull."

As an example, suppose an observer is sitting on a carousel that appears to him to be stationary but, from the point of view of an outside observer standing on the ground, the carousel is rotating with angular velocity . Now suppose that the carousel rider moves a ball with mass m radially away from the center of the carousel. From the point of view of the observer outside, the ball moves in a curved path which is tangent to the center of rotation. Since the ball's path is curved in inertial space, there must be a force to accelerate it, and this force is called the Coriolis force. The Coriolis force can be observed directly in satellite tracking of hurricanes, whose paths can clearly be seen to curve to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere as their distances from the Earth's rotation changes.

To compute the Coriolis force, note that the ball moved by the carousel rider has angular velocity , so its angular momentum is

(1)


When the mass is close to the center, it has relatively little angular momentum, but as it moves farther out (increasing r), it has greater angular momentum. Therefore, a torque must be exerted in order to move it along the radius, and that torque is the rate of change of L with time as m moves along the radius. If m moves entirely radially, that stays constant and the torque is given by

(2)


where is the Coriolis force.

The Coriolis force is therefore the sidewise force that has to be exerted by the carousel rider to cause the ball to move outward at a radial speed which, upon solving (2), is

(3)


In vector notation, the Coriolis force is given by

(4)
(5)
(6)


where is the Coriolis acceleration. It can therefore be seen that The Coriolis force independent of radius, and is present even at the origin of the rotating coordinate system.

Answer 2

A, i wager, yet of route D is critical too. If the earth were a rotating cylinder then there must be no coriolis result on its curved aspects, it calls for a structure of which the oblate spheroid of the earth is one. If the earth were not rotating then there must be no coriolis result both. yet likely A is the reply wanted. likely the asker thinks it truly is proper because there are not any cylindrical planets yet i ought to talk about that there are not any non-rotating planets both. undesirable question, in case you question me. The coriolis result's mostly defined mathematically with the help of breaking the stress up into aspects that products are issue to on the floor of a sphere. Rotating platforms have analogues to linearly shifting platforms, as an party there is an angular momentum L analogous to the linear momentum P. at the same time as the expression for an merchandise shifting on the floor of a rotating sphere is written accessible's a time period that suggests the item will turn. it truly is termed the coriolis time period. you may imagine of it intuitively as by way of very incontrovertible fact that products close to the equator are shifting swifter than products close to the poles. on the pole itself an merchandise in simple terms spins at the same time as on the equator it strikes about 25 thousand miles in a circle each day by way of rotation of the planet. hence an merchandise hurled south will quickly develop into in an section the position each and every thing else yet itself is vacationing a lot swifter to the east and so it receives left in the back of. the introduction will be that it veers off to the west. If the planet were a cylinder then all products on its floor ought to have a similar speed and subsequently hurling something south does not effect in it getting left in the back of. If the planet were round yet not rotating then hurling something south must be undefined because it has no axis of rotation and subsequently no poles nor south and north; which skill hurling it in any route from any element ought to have a similar effect and so with the help of symmetry you may even see there ought to not be any result giving an visual charm of veering in a fave route.

Answer 3

Imagine the earth with its equator, now imagine two more lines above the equator.
If you place an object between these two lines the lower side near the equator and the upper side of the object facing the pole are accelerated with a different force.
This very very weak difference between those forces are called Coriolis Force.
On a wide scale, lets say a low pressure area of air, it is capable to give objects some inertia moment for rotation.
On a small scale, lets say your kitchen sink, it was believed that it makes your water turn clockwise while floating away, but experiments showed that any other disturbance outperformes this weak force.