what are the steps in which a motor neuron sends an electrical signal (impulse) down the axon?

Question

and how does the signal travel across a synapse to another neuron cell?

Answer 1

Action potentials are extremely complicated, and cannot be explained in a little response such as this.

Basically, a current flows down the body of an axon by separation and movements in charges. Basically its like a wave moving along the surface of the axon, where the movement of the current stimulates gates to open, and ions flow, and the current moves to the next region, where it stimulates the opening of ion gates, and on and on the current flows etc. etc. Myelination of axons help the current move faster. Keep in mind some axons are SEVERAL FEET IN LENGTH. Think of how a nerve has to travel from your spinal cord, sacral plexus, sciatic nerve through the thigh, common fibular nerve through the leg, and into the muscles of the foot. Now imagine a giraffe, or a squid with tentacles.

Movement across a synapse reuires use of neurotransmitters, which are chemicals often made from amino acids. Basically, the axon terminus packages these into vesicles, releases them into the surroundings, where a muscle, or another neuron receives the signal. The neurotransmitter then needs to be broken down, and it is reabsorbed by the axon fibers.

Answer 2

To start, more so than electrical impulses, brain activity is usually chemical in nature. I assume by soul you mean the concept of self. Most atheists I know do not believe in any classical definition of the soul other than the one I just posited. There is no reason to believe in any extra-corporeal placeholder, when biology suits it just fine. However, given ideas of shared experiences in the hypothalamus's release of dimethyltryptamine suggesting shared or universal consciousness, perhaps the brain is like a television, de-scrambling the "soul" that exists in TV signal-like electrical impulses through chemical reactions. Very little, however, seems to point to that, though I suppose we could test for it by looking at patterns in whatever makes up charges. But if its not there, then it probably does not exist.

Answer 3

it goes along the neurons to the axon.The impulses travel from one opening to another at 180m/s.