Before 20th century (before Israel and Western influences) did Arab countries live in relative PEACE??????????

Answer 1

A list for the Zionist massacres in Palestine from 1955 to 1994.




74 - "Gaza" Massacre - 5 April 1956

On 5/4/1956, the Zionist invaders blasted with 120-mm mortars the center of the populated city of Gaza, which also housed a large number of refugees. The enemy artillery also bombarded the villages of "Deir Al-Balah", "Absan" and "Khaza'a". The casualties were 60 martyrs, including 27 women, 29 men and four children, and 93 injured, including 32 women, 53 men and 8 children.(96)

75 - "Gaza" Massacre - 15 April 1956

On 15/4/1956, the Zionists blasted Gaza Hospital with artillery. The brutal bombardment killed 13 children, 18 women and 31 men, and injured 82, including 26 children, 25 women and 31 men.(97)

76 - "Qalqilya" Massacre - 10 October 1956

Qalqilya is a Palestinian Arab town, 16 kilometers southwest of the city of Tulkarm.

The Massacre: On 10/10/1956, a Zionist force estimated at an infantry battalion and an armored battalion backed by field artillery and ten fighter-planes attacked the town from three directions. The attackers cut the telephone lines and mined some roads. The attack was foiled thanks to the fierce resistance of the town's National Guard and the residents, which astonished the enemy. However, the enemy attackers returned once more following an intensive bombardment, in which fighter-planes took part. The Zionists then entered the town firing haphazardly without distinction. They also blew up some houses over the heads of their occupants. The massacre resulted in 70 martyrs, including many women, children and elderly peop1e.(98)

77 - "Kafr Qassem" Massacre - 29 October 1956

Kafr Kassem is a Palestinian Arab village in the district of Tulkarm. It had a population of 1460; its area was 58 donums, and its land area was 12765 donums.

The Massacre: On 29/10/1956, the day the tripartite aggression started against Egypt, the Zionist officer Shmuel Milinki, a commander of a unit of the 'border guards', was ordered to impose a curfew on some villages, including Kafr Qassem. Milinki informed his officers that the war had started and he explained to them the duties assigned to them, namely to implement the curfew order firmly without any arrests. He told them: "it is desirable to have some of the village inhabitants killed". A detachment of this unit was stationed at the western entrance of the village, while other detachments were deployed around and inside the village.

At 4.30 PM, the village headman was summoned to be informed about the curfew order to go into effect at 5.00 PM. He was asked to notify the village inhabitants. The headman replied that some of the villagers work in their fields outside the village, and therefore, the half hour left is not enough to pass the word about the curfew. The unit officer gave his word and that of the government to the headman promising safe passage to all the returning villagers.

Few minutes before 5.00 PM, the massacre started from the western side of the village (99). In other words, the massacre started prior to sunset and continued for over seven hours until half hour after midnight. Lieutenant 'Gabriel Dahan' had ordered his men to open fire in order to kill any person who would be outside his home after 5.00 PM, with no distinction between the men, women or children returning to their villages. Killing started in batches. The soldiers ordered the villagers to stand in one line. Corporal "Shalom Ofer" shouted "Mow them down". Entire families were killed, other villagers were killed on their carts, others while on foot. The murderers killed 14 women in one lot. Children and old persons were not spared. The toll of the massacre was 49 martyrs (100). Among the children were eleven boys 112 to 16 years old. Two boys were killed while grazing the sheep with one of their relatives. Three girls 12-14 years old were among those kil1ed.(101)

The commanders in charge of this massacre were:

- Major Shmuel Milinki: Commander of the unit belonging to the border guards.
- Lt. Gabriel Dahan: of the border guards, commander of the detachment that executed the massacre.
- Lt. Col. Alof Shadmi, commander of the military brigade in the region.
- Corporal Shalom Ofer. He played a major role in killing the villagers who were on their way back to the village.
- Tesvi Tsur: The officer in charge of the command of the military center in the region.
- David Ben Gurion: The then Zionist Premier and War Minister.
- Moshe Dayan: Chief of Staff of the Zionist army
- Shimon Peres: Deputy War Minister

The murderers were tried and were "convicted". All were released later, the last one of them being released in 1966.

In another trial of one of the infamous murderers, Lt. Col. Alof Shadmi, the "court" ruled that he was guilty of committing a "technical error". The court ruled that he should be reprimanded and be fined one Israeli piaster!! From that day, the "Shadmi piaster" has become proverbial among the Arabs in occupied Palestine.(102)

The Zionist daily Haaretz confirmed shortly after the massacre, that the soldiers who perpetrated the massacre were given a 50 percent salary increase.(103)
In September 1960, Lt. Gabriel Dahan, the detachment commander, was appointed in charge of Arab affairs in the district of Ramleh.(104)

Following is a list of the names of the martyrs of the Kafr Qassem massacre: (105)

Serial no.
Name of Martyr
Age
Remarks

1 Ghazi Mahmood Darwish Issa 20
2 Uthman Abdullah Issa 30
3 Zaghloola Ahmad Issa 45
4 Ibrahim ‘Abdul-Hadi Issa 27 Father of 2
5 Fatima Mustafa Issa 18
6 Saleh Mustafa Ahmad Issa 17
7 ‘Abd Ahmad lssa 15
8 Lateefa Dawood Issa 13
9 ‘Abd Mahmood lssa 12
10 Talal Shaker Issa 8
11 ‘Abdullah Suleiman Issa – An old man who died on the following day horrified by the massacre when his grandson was killed, and his son Shaker and daughter-in-law and granddaughter were injured.
12 Fathi Uthman Abdullah Issa 12
13 Mahmood Abdul-Razzaq Sarsoor 16
14 Abdul-Saleem Issa 20 Father of one
15 Ata Yaaoob Sarsoor 26 Father of two
16 Jumu’a Muhammad Ziad Sarsoor 16 Son of the martyr Safa Sarsoor (no.17)
17 Safa Abdullah Sarsoor 45 Mother of Jumu’a Muhammad Ziad Sarsoor (no. l6)
18Yusuf Mahmood Isma’il Sarsoor 45 Father of five
19 Abdullah Muhammad Ziad Sarsoor 14 Second son of martyr Safa Sarsoor (no. 17)
20 Fatima Dawood Sarsoor 30 - 8 months pregnant
21 Muhanimad Ali Sarsoor 25 Father of six
22 Mahmood Saleem Sarsoor 17
23 Fatima Saleh Sarsoor 14
24 Mahmood Khadr Jaber Sarsoor 27
25 Abd Saleem Muhammad Freij 14
26 Musa Theeb Freij 18
27 Ahmad Muhammad Freij 35 Father of four
28 Jumu’a Tawfiq lssa 16
29 Hulwa Muhammad Budeir 60
30 Saleem Ahmad Bashir Budeir 50 Father of six
31 Fatima Muhammad Budeir 40
32 Rashia Fayiq Budeir 13
33Abdul-Rahim Saleem Budeir 25 Father of four
34 Abdullah Jaber Budeir 17
35Amina Qassem Taha 50
36 Ali Uthman Taha 30 Father of eight
37 Zeinab Abdul-Rahman Taha 45
38 Jamal Saleem Muhammad Taha 1
39 Bakriyya Mahmood Taha 17 Daughter of martyr Zeinab Taha (no. 37)
40 Khameesa Ahmad Amer 50 Mother of seven
41 Salah Muhammad Amer 40 Father of three
42 Ahmad Muhammad Jawdat Amer 18
43 Saleh Muhammad Ahmed Amer 40
44 Salah Salama Amer 18
45 Mahmood Abd Jaafar 35 Father of seven
46 Mahmood Habib Driver of truck which ransported the female workers from Tayyiba to Kafr Qassem
47 Muhammad? A worker from the village of “Badda” adjacent to Kafr Qassem
49 Riyad Raja Hamdan Dawood 8
49 Mahmood Abdul-Ghafer Rayyan 35
50 Muhammad Abdul-Rahman Assi 50
51 Mahmood Muhammad Massarwa 25
52 Musa Thiyab Abd Hamad (in his twenties)

78-Khan Younis" Massacre - 3- 5 November 1956

Khan Younis is a Palestinian Arab town in the Gaza district. In 1946, its population counted 12350 persons, and its area was 2302 donums, while its land area was 53820 donums.

The Massacre: On 3/11/1956, the town was the scene of a horrible crime perpetrated by the Zionist occupiers in the eastern region, in "Khuza'a", in "Absan" and "Bani Suheila", as well as in the town itself and elsewhere. The toll of the massacre was more than 500 martyrs.(106)

The following day, the peak of the killing was in the regions of "Fayyadiyya" and "Qarrara". In the southern part of the town, the Zionist troops ordered the young men to line up and then started firing on them, killing more than 20 of them. In the western part of the town, the Zionists killed 30 people.(107)

On 5/11/1956, the massacre reached the "Awassi" and "Tal Zeidan" areas on the seashore. The massacre continued at intervals till 7 March 1957.(108)

79 - "Khan Younis" Refugee camp Massacre - 3 November 1956

On 3/11/1956, the Zionist occupation army attacked the Palestinian refugee camp of Khan Younis and perpetrated a horrible massacre, killing more than 250 civilians.(109)

80 - "Khan Younis Refugee Camp" Massacre - 12 November 1956

Nine days after the first massacre at the refugee camp on 3/11/1956, a unit of the Zionist army perpetrated another massacre in the same camp on 12/11/1956, killing 275 refugees. In the same attack, another 100 refugees fell martyrs.(110)

81 - "Sammou" Massacre - 13/11/1966

Sammou' is a Palestinian Arab village situated 14 kms south of the city of Hebron (Al-Khalil). In 1961, it had a population of 3103.

The Massacre: On Sunday 13/11/1966, the Zionist troops raided the village and its neighbour "Rafat". The enemy used eighty U.S.-made "Patton" tanks and more than 80 half-track armored vehicles, and 12 planes. The raid lasted four hours, killing 18 and injuring 134 unarmed civilians. Among the martyrs were some Jordanian military personnel. The Zionists blew up 125 homes, 15 huts built of stones, a clinic, a six-room school, a mechanical workshop. The village Masjid was also damaged.(111)


82 - "Jerusalem" Massacre - 7 June 1967

On 5 June 1967, and in the two days that followed, the Zionist troops showered Jerusalem and its inhabitants with incendiary bombs, from the air and on the ground, killing 300 civilians, including entire families inside their homes. Others were killed on the roads and in the lanes while attempting to save their lives.

Hundreds of residences and shops were destroyed outside and within the city walls. Grave damage was inflicted on the churches, Masjids, and hospitals, including, but not limited to, the "Church of Saint Hanna", the "Schmidt College Church", outside Bab Al-Amood (the Column Gate), the "Holy Aqsa Masjid", the Minaret of "Bab Al-Asbat", "Augusta Victoria" Hospital on the "Mount of Olives". This hospital was crowded with patients and wounded persons. Then, the Zionist troops looted many buildings, schools, hotels, houses, stores, and stole cars.(112)

83 - "Rafah Refugee Camp" Massacre - June 1967

During the June 1967 aggression, the Zionist occupation troops stormed the camp and killed 23 men, leaving their bodies lying in the street for several days in order to terrorize the refugees in the camp. Finally, the bodies were buried in a mass grave.(113)

84 - "Al-Karama" Massacre - 20 July 1967

On 20/7/1967, the Zionists shelled the Palestinian refugee camp in the Jordanian village of "Al-Karama", killing 14 Palestinian civilians, including an elementary-school teacher and three children, and injuring 28 others.(114)

85 - "Al-Karama" Massacre - 9 February 1968

On 9/2/1968, the Zionists shelled the Palestinian refugee camp of the Jordanian village of "Al-Karama". They killed the UNRWA personnel, as well as 14 civilians and injured 50 others. The refugee shacks and a boys' school were hit.(115)

86 - "Lebanon Refugee Camps" Massacre - 14-16 May 1974

The Zionist aircraft attacked the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the period 14-16 May 1974.The toll was 50 civilians killed and 200 injured. The Nabatiyya camp suffered grave damage.(116)

87 - "Sabra and Shatila" Massacre - 16-18 September 1982

Sabra and Shatila are two of a total of 12 Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon.

The Massacre: On 16/9/1982, the Zionist invaders committed in the two camps a massacre that is considered among the most horrible and abominable mass massacres perpetrated by the Zionist enemy against the Palestinian Arab people. The massacre continued for three days until 18/9/1982. Though the direct perpetrators of the massacre were from the Phalangists, its planners, plotters, supervisors and participants in some of its phases were the then commanders of the Zionist occupation army, on top of which were "Ariel Sharon", the current Prime Minster, who was the "Defense Minister", "Raphael Eitan", Chief-of-Staff at the time. At the peak of IsraeliPhalangist war against the Palestinians and the Lebanese National Movement, Phalangist forces estimated at 12 thousand armed men, stormed the two camps. They massacred a large number of their inhabitants, including women, children and old men. The number of martyrs who were either slaughtered or killed with bullets varied according to the sources. Some sources spoke about between 3000 and 3500 while Palestinian sources estimated them at more than twelve thousand Palestinians.(117) The Red Cross mission that was removing the bodies of the victims stated that they recorded only those victims who kept in their pockets identity documents but not those who were unidentified.(118)

The murderers took the camps' inhabitants by surprise. They smashed the doors carrying axes and machine guns, killing one family after the other. Concurrently, bulldozers were destroying the houses over the heads of their occupants. Then came the turn of bullets to complete the massacre easily and swiftly.
The Israelis tightened their encirclement of the two camps on the evening of Thursday 16/9/1982. Flares were fired throughout the night of Thursday-Friday 16-17/9/1982. The Israeli artillery unit in Beirut was firing illuminating bombs one after the other every two minutes to illuminate the two camps for the Phalangist militias.(119)

More than 150 Zionist tanks and 100 armored vehicles participated in encircling the two camps.(120) Sharon congratulated all the murderers saying: "I congratulate you. You have done an excellent job".(121) Facts have confirmed that this massacre was not born overnight and was in harmony with the Zionist scheme from its start.(122)

Many persons were reported missing during the massacre. The French News Agency (AFP) estimated the missing persons at over 2000. They were loaded on trucks and taken to an unknown destination. The New York Times reported that U.S. diplomatic circles feared that they were taken to the south to be slaughtered there.(123) It is believed that around 25 percent of the victims were Lebanese and the other 75 percent were Palestinians.

88 - "Ain El-Hilweh Camp" Massacre - 16 May 1983

It is one of the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon, close to the Lebanese city of Sidon.

The Massacre: On 16/5/1983, the camp was the scene of a Zionist terrorist attack reminiscent of the "Sabra" and "Shatila" massacre. The Zionists instructed their lackey "Hussein Al-Akr", who was in charge of the so-called "Palestinian National Guard" to return to the camp from which he had fled with his men under the pressure of the Palestinian patriotic elements. The Zionist enemy took advantage of the anticipated confrontation with the lackey A1-Akr and his men. The Zionists rushed after them with a force of 1500 troops supported by 150 vehicles, sowing destruction throughout the camp. The Zionist artillery pounded indiscriminately the residential areas and the vegetable marketplace. The massacre continued from midnight till 5 AM, then resumed at 9 AM when the camp residents took out to the streets in a large demonstration. The Zionist soldiers imposed a blockade around the camp which lasted till late afternoon. Fourteen homes were destroyed on the heads of their occupants; two stores were blown up; 150 persons, including old and young men, women and children were arrested; 15 persons were killed or injured.(124)

89 - Massacre of the "Islamic University Campus" in Al Khalil (Hebron) - 26 July 1983

On 26/7/1983, a group of Zionist settlers, protected by Zionist troops, stormed the campus of the "Islamic University" in Al-Khalil (Hebron), opening fire and hurling hand grenades haphazardly in all directions. Three students were killed and 22 others were injured. The murderers stormed into a study hail while continuing to fire.

The three martyrs were:

1. Saadu'ddin Hasan Sabri - 39 years
2. Jamal As'ad Nazzal -29 years
3. Sameeh 'Ammoor - 26 years (125)

90 - "Nahalin" Massacre - 13 April 1989

Nahalin is a Palestinian Arab village in the district of Jerusalem. On 13/4/1989, the Zionist invaders perpetrated a massacre in the village, killing 13 of its inhabitants.(126)

91 - "Uyoon Qara" Massacre - 20 May 1990

On 20/5/1990, a Zionist soldier, using a machinegun, opened fire at a group of Palestinian workers who assembled early morning in the Palestinian village of "Uyoon Qara" near Tel-Aviv, killing seven of them on the spot.(127)

92 - Massacre of "Al-Aqsa Holy Masjid" - 8 October 1990

This hideous crime was orchestrated and plotted by the official Zionist authorities of occupation.On Monday, 8 October 1990, at the time of the noon prayer, large numbers of troops of the Zionist army, the "border guards", the intelligence men, in cooperation with armed Zionist settlers, encircled the city of Jerusalem, including Al-Aqsa Holy Masjid. They stormed the courtyard of the Masjid and perpetrated the largest Zionist crime in Jerusalem. Zionist extremists tried to lay the foundation stone of the alleged third Temple in the courtyard of the Masjid. The inhabitants of Jerusalem rushed to prevent them in defense of the Holy Masjid. They clashed with a gang called "Trustees of the Temple Mount". Moments later, Zionist army troops, policemen and frontier guards intervened and began firing indiscriminately from all directions at the Arabs.Twenty-one Arabs fell martyrs, over 800 were injured, and 250 were arrested.(128)One hundred Zionist soldiers participated directly in this massacre.(129)

Following is a list of the martyrs of this massacre (130):


Serial
Name of Martyr
Age
Remarks

1 Burhanu'ddin ‘Abdul-Rahman Kashoor 19
A bullet blew up his head and brain. He was a resident of Old Jerusalem

2 Ayman Mohieddin Ali Shami 18
A bullet pierced his neck and penetrated his back. He was a resident of “Wadi AI-Jawz”

3 Ibrahim Ali Farhat Adkaidek 16
Six bullets in the neck, waist and thighs

4 Ibrahim Abdul Qader Ibrahim Ghurab 31
Two bullets in the chest. He was a resident of “Wadi Al-Jawz”

5 Izzu'ddin Jihad Hamida Al-Yaseen 15
Six bullets in the head, chest, abdomen and thighs. He was a resident of “Old Jerusalem”

6 Majdi ‘Abd Hmeidan Abu Suneina 17
Five bullets in the chest. He was a resident of “Old Jerusalem”

7 Mariam Hussain Zahran Makhtoob 52
A bullet in the head. She was from “Qibya” village, northwest of Jerusalem

8 Fawzi saeed Ismail Al-Sheikh 63
A bullet in the head. He was a resident of “Kharbta” village of Ramallah District

9 Nimr Ibrahim Al-Duwaik 24
Four bullets in the eye, chest, abdomen and hand. He was a resident of “Wadi Al-Jawz”

10 Ribhi Hussein Al-Ammoori A-Rajji 61
Three bullets in the back, and a fourth in the chest. He was a resident of “Al-Bareed” neighborhood in Jerusalem

11Muhammad Aref Yaseen Abu Suneina 30
Three bullets in the head, neck and arm. He was from Hebron

12 Fayez Hussein Husni Abu Suneina 18
A bullet penetrated the neck up to the brain. He was a resident of Aizariyya

13 Majdi Nazmi Misbah Abu Sbeih 17
A bullet in the chest and another in the waist. He was from “Ram” town



14 Abdul-Karim Muhammad Warrad Za’atra 40
Several bullets, but where they hit is unknown. He was a resident of Jabal “Al-Mukabber”

15 Jado Muhammad Rajih Zahida 24
A bullet in the chest and another in the head. He was a resident of “Al-Zaim”
neighborhood in “Al-Toor”

16 Musa ‘Abdul-Hadi Murshid Suwaiti 27
Three bullets in the head, waist and back. He was a resident of “Old Jerusalem”

17 Saleem Ahmad Bedri Al-Khaldi 24
A bullet in the chest

18 Adnan Khalaf Shteiwi Janadi 28
Three bullets in the abdomen. He was a resident of “Tamra” village in “Acre”
district.

19 Najla Saadu'ddin Siyam –
She suffered a severe heart attack upon seeing the horrible scenes. She was a
resident of “Wadi Al-Jawz

20 Yusuf Abu Suneina –
Preacher of Al-Aqsa Masjid

21 Abd Muhammad Miqdad –

Those responsible for perpetrating this massacre were:

- Gwershon Slamon: leader of the Trustees of the Temple Mount Zionist organization.
- Arieh Bibi: Commander of the Jerusalem Police Force at the time.
- Yitzhaq Rabin: Zionist War Minister at the time
- Yitzhak Shamir: Zionist Prime Minister at the time.(131)

93 - Massacre of the Ibrahimi Masjid in Hebron - 25 February 1994

No Zionist massacre perpetrated against our people over half a century has been as brutal as the horrible massacre carried out by the Zionist settler “Goldstein” with the support of some other settlers and the Zionist troops of occupation.
This massacre was committed against Moslems while performing their prayers in the courtyard of the Ibrahimi Masjid in Hebron. Shrapnels of grenades and bullets pierced the heads, necks and backs of those praying. This horrible crime resulted in killing 21 Arab citizens of the city and injuring hundreds of them (132). The massacre took place at dawn during the holy month of Ramadhan. The prayer performers were then able to kill the murderer, “Goldstein”.

The massacre was perpetrated under the view and protection of the Zionist troops of occupation. The Arab citizens clashed with the troops. Scores of Arabs were killed and thousands were injured. The Zionist soldiers closed the gates of the Masjid to prevent the people from escaping and to prevent any outside help from reaching those inside the Masjid.

Some Zionist soldiers and armed settlers rushed into the courtyard and fired at the Arabs, many of whom were killed at the hands of a Zionist officers and soldiers who were inside the courtyard when the massacre took place. The troops even followed the injured people and their rescuers to the hospital doors, killing more of them, as well as during the burial ceremony. Thus, there was not one massacre at the Ibrahimi Masjid on that day, but three consecutive ones.

Eyewitnesses said that the Arab citizen Muhammad Atiyya Al-Salaymeh was shot from the back by a Zionist sniper while burying one of the martyrs. Hence, the two martyrs were buried in the same grave. Other eyewitnesses stated that the Arab citizen “Arafat Al-Bayidh” fell martyr when he was shot ten minutes after paying homage to another martyr at the gate of the “National Hospital”.(133)

Following are the names of the martyrs of the massacre of the Ibrahimi Masjid in Hebron (134):

Serial
Name of Martyr
Age
Remarks

1 Raed Abdul-Muttaleb hasan Natche 20 Single. He is the eldest of his brothers
2 Alaa Back Abdul-Halim Taha Abu Suneina 17 Single
3 Marwan Mutla Hamed Abu Najma 32 Father of six
4 Thiyab Abdul-Latif Harbawi Karki 24 Single. The only breadwinner of the family
5 Khaled Khalwi Abu Hussein Abu Suneina 58 Father of eight
6 Nure'ddin Ibrahim Abdul-Muhtaseb 22 The only breadwinner of the family. He had a sick father
7 Muhammad Kifah Abdul-Ezz Zakariya Maraa –
8 Mahmood Sadeq Muhammad Abu Zaanoona 49 Father of four
9 Saber Musa Hosni Katiba Bdeir 37 Father of four, the eldest of whom was 7 years old
10 Nimr Muhammad Nimr Mujahid 34 Father of four
11 Kamal Jamal Abdul-Ghani Qfeisha 13
12 Arafat Musa Yusuf Barqan 28 Father of four
13 Raji Al-Zein Abdul-Khaleq Ghaith 47 –
14 Waleed Zuheir Mahfooz Abu Hamdiyya 13 Single
15 Sufyan Barakat Awf Za’ida 21 Single. He was helping his father who was an usherer
16 Jamil Ayed Abdul-Fattah Natsha 48 He was supporting 13 persons, the youngest of whom was two years old
17 Abdul-Haq Ibrahim Abdul-Haq Ja’abari 55 Married. Supporting 13 persons
18 Suleiman Awwad Ulayyan Ja’abari 37 Father of ten, the eldest being ten years old
19 Tareq Adnan Muhammad Ashoor Abu Suneina 14
20 Abdul-Rahim Abdul-Rahman Salama 48 Married. He was supporting 11 persons, the eldest being 25 years old

21 Jabr Aref Abu Hadid Abu Suneina 11 Eldest son in the family
22 Hatem Khudr Nimr Fakhoori 26 Father of a son and a daughter
23 Salim Idris Falah Idriss 27 Father of a son and a daughter
24 Rami Arafat Ali Rajji 11
25 Khaled Muhammad Hamza Abdul-Rahman Al-Karki 18
26 Wael Salah Yaaqoob Muhtasseb 28 Father of three
27 Zeidan Hammooda Abdul-Majid Hamed 26 Father of four
28 Ahmad Abdullah Muhammad Taha Abu Suneina 25. He was helping his father who was supporting a family of twelve
29 Talal Muhammad Dawood Mahmood Dandash 26 Married and had a pregnant wife
30 Atiyya Muhammad Atiyya Salayima 33 Father of five
31 Ismail Fayez Ismail ufeisha 28 Father of one daughter. His wife was pregnant
32 Nader Salam Saleh Nahida 19 Single. He was supporting his brothers and his blind mother. His father was dead
33 Ayman Ayoob Muhammad Qawasima 21 Single. He was the only supporter of his family.
34 Arafat Mahmood Ahmad Al-Bayed 28 Father of three daughters

Those responsible for the massacre were:

- Reserve Medical Captain "Baroch Goldstein": the terrorist in charge of the perpetrators of the massacre. He was a member of the Zionist "Kach"group and a member of the American Jewish Defense League in New York.
- Colonel "Ruben Rafif": Commander of the soldiers in charge of "guarding" the Masjid.
- "Ben Benyamin": in charge of the guards at the main entrance of the Masjid.
- "Kobe ben Yusuf': in charge of guarding the eastern entrance of the Masjid. He took part in firing at the Arabs.
- "Feef Don": a guard at the eastern entrance of the Masjid. He fired at the prayer performers.
- Major "Dob Sattelman": Commander of the Masjid area
- Colonel "Maeil Kleigi": Commander of the occupation army in Hebron area.
- "Yehud Barak": Then Chief-of-Staff of the Zionist army
- "Yitzhak Rabin": Then Prime Minister of the Zionist entity.(135)

ANNEX:

Haganah: It is the abbreviated name of the Secret Jewish Military Organization, which operated in Palestine during the British Mandate period. It was founded on 12 June 1920. Its active members within the "Jewish Police force" were around 22 thousand terrorists, armed and trained by the British Army under the command of a Britihs officer called "Charles Wingate". After declaring the establishment of the Zionist entity in 1948, the Haganah formed the backbone of the Zionist army.

Itzel or Irgun: This Zionist terrorist organization was formed in 1937 after separating from the Haganah. It became Itzel under the command of "Jabotinsky", the head of the New Zionist Organization. The Itzel commander was "David Razial", who when killed in Iraq, was succeeded by the terrorist "Menachem Begin". In 1948, Itzel was dissolved and its members joined the Zionist army.


Lehi or Stern: It is a secret Zionist organization which operated in Palestine during the British mandate. It was founded by the Zionist terrorist "Abraham Stern". Lehi separated from Itzel in 1940, after which it carried the name of its founder "Stern".
Lehi "Stern" was dissolved in 1948. Part of its members joined the Workers General Organization, while others joined other extremist Zionist parties. "Yitzhak Shamir" was commander of the Stern operations.

Palmach: It is a military organization and was the permanent army of the Haganah or its military wing. Palmach was established in 1941. In 1948, its brigades became the military striking nucleus of the Zionist army.

Unit 101: It was a professional terrorist gang and was considered Sharon's private army. Its members were not classified according to their military ranks, but "according to their fighting experience". In January 1954, the Unit was united with the Paratroopers Battalion of the Zionist army at the initiative of "Moshe Dayan". "Ariel Sharon" became the paratroop commander. Among the students of Sharon in Unit 101 was "Raphael Eitan" who was the Chief-of-Staff of the Zionist army during the invasion of Lebanon in 1982.

So yes we were living in peace compared to what they have done.

Answer 2

Arab history was definitly NOT peaceful. In fact, I beleive next to Russian History, Arab history may have possibly been the most brutal.

Lets go back to just before the time of the Prophet Mohammed. The Arabian Penensula was split up between several tribes, the most prominant were Quraish (I probably spelt that wrong) and Benu Tamim (or Tameem). There was quite a lot of tribal fighting between them.

During the time of the Crusades and Salah El Din, there was a lot of war. In fact, Salah El DIn was a general who was under the Syrian King as far as I remember, took over Egypt and stayed there as the leader, eventually becoming the most powerful leader in the region. He fought in the Crusades. At roughly the same time, there was a militant sect about whom not much is known. The word 'assasin' is derived from this sect who were called 'El Hashashin' which means 'the weed smokers'. They basically were the Arab equivalent of ninjas.

Hulagu Khan of Mongolia destroyed Bagdad at some point, and that was the most influential Arab capitals at the time.

Lets not forget the Mamluk period (I think that was right before the Ottoman period). That was also a bloody, masecare filled era. Then there was the Ottoman period and eventually where we are now with the Isreal-Palestine conflict and the US in Iraq, and Lebanon once again attack and brought to near destruction.


I guess the answer is no, the Arab countries never really lived in peace, but then again, who did? European history is full of conflicts, so was Asian one, and South American. It seems to be in human nature to have conflicts and wars, the advent of news and information being transfered quickly makes it seem like the world and the Arab region is brutal beyond anything. Thats my opinion I guess.

Answer 3

Muhammad, the founder of Islam, was born in Mecca in about 570. In 622, he moved to the oasis of Medina, where he became the head of a small religious and political community. After his death in 632, his followers, called Muslims, conquered what are now Egypt, Iraq, and Syria. Many of the conquered people adopted Islam and the Arabic language. By 711, Arab Muslim rule extended from what is now Spain in the west to Iran in the east. Muslims of the Omayyad family ruled these lands from the city of Damascus. In 750, the Abbasid family overthrew the Omayyad's and made Baghdad the capital of the Islamic Empire.

During Abbasid rule, groups of Muslim Turks invaded from central Asia. The most important were the Seljuk Turks. They took over Baghdad in 1055, and then they conquered what are now Syria and Palestine. In 1258, Mongols from China conquered Baghdad and destroyed the remains of the Abbasid government.

In the 1300's, the dynasty (family of rulers) of the Ottoman Turks became established in Anatolia (now Turkey). In the early 1500's the Ottomans added the Arab lands of the Middle East to their empire. By that time, they had also advanced into the Balkan Peninsula. In the 1700's and 1800's, the Ottoman Empire declined in power and size in the face of new, strong states that developed in Europe. By World War I (1914-1918), some European countries had gained much economic and political influence in the Middle East.

During World War I, the Ottoman Empire joined with Germany against Britain (also known as the United Kingdom), France, Italy, and Russia. Arabs who hoped to win independence from the Ottoman Turks supported the European Allies. Britain promised to help create Arab governments in the Middle East after the war. But Britain also agreed with France to divide the Middle East into zones of British and French rule and influence. In 1917, Britain issued the Balfour Declaration, supporting the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine--but without violating the civil or religious rights of the Arabs.

In 1923, the defeated Ottoman Empire became the Republic of Turkey. The League of Nations divided most of the Arab lands of the Middle East into mandated territories (see MANDATED TERRITORY). France took control of Lebanon and Syria. Britain received the mandates for Iraq, Jordan (called Trans-Jordan until 1949), and Palestine. Britain also kept control over Egypt, which it had conquered in 1882. The Arabs conducted a struggle for independence in the years after the war. Many territories gained independence in the 1930's and 1940's.

Palestine. Between 1933 and 1935, more than 100,000 Jewish refugees fled to Palestine from Nazi Germany and Poland. The Jewish immigration alarmed the Palestinian Arabs, who wanted Palestine to become an independent Arab state. In 1936, they called a general strike that almost paralysed Palestine. They declared the strike would last until the British halted Jewish immigration. But after about five months, the Arabs ended the strike without achieving their goals.

In 1947, the United Nations (UN) voted to divide Palestine into two states, one Arab and one Jewish. The Jews accepted this solution and established the State of Israel on May 14, 1948. The Arabs, who made up about two-thirds of the population of Palestine, rejected the plan. The next day, five Arab states--Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Lebanon, and Syria--attacked Israel. The Israelis defeated the Arabs.Adam I found this from some encyclopedia website

Answer 4

Muhammad, the founder of Islam, was born in Mecca in about 570. In 622, he moved to the oasis of Medina, where he became the head of a small religious and political community. After his death in 632, his followers, called Muslims, conquered what are now Egypt, Iraq, and Syria. Many of the conquered people adopted Islam and the Arabic language. By 711, Arab Muslim rule extended from what is now Spain in the west to Iran in the east. Muslims of the Umayyad family ruled these lands from the city of Damascus. In 750, the Abbasid family overthrew the Umayyads and made Baghdad the capital of the Islamic Empire.

During Abbasid rule, groups of Muslim Turks invaded from central Asia. The most important were the Seljuk Turks. They took over Baghdad in 1055, and then they conquered what are now Syria and Palestine. In 1258, Mongols from China conquered Baghdad and destroyed the remains of the Abbasid government.

In the 1300's, the dynasty (family of rulers) of the Ottoman Turks became established in Anatolia (now Turkey). In the early 1500's the Ottomans added the Arab lands of the Middle East to their empire. By that time, they had also advanced into the Balkan Peninsula. In the 1700's and 1800's, the Ottoman Empire declined in power and size in the face of new, strong states that developed in Europe. By World War I (1914-1918), some European countries had gained much economic and political influence in the Middle East.

During World War I, the Ottoman Empire joined with Germany against Britain (also known as the United Kingdom), France, Italy, and Russia. Arabs who hoped to win independence from the Ottoman Turks supported the European Allies. Britain promised to help create Arab governments in the Middle East after the war. But Britain also agreed with France to divide the Middle East into zones of British and French rule and influence. In 1917, Britain issued the Balfour Declaration, supporting the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine--but without violating the civil or religious rights of the Arabs.

In 1923, the defeated Ottoman Empire became the Republic of Turkey. The League of Nations divided most of the Arab lands of the Middle East into mandated territories (see MANDATED TERRITORY). France took control of Lebanon and Syria. Britain received the mandates for Iraq, Jordan (called Trans-Jordan until 1949), and Palestine. Britain also kept control over Egypt, which it had conquered in 1882. The Arabs conducted a struggle for independence in the years after the war. Many territories gained independence in the 1930's and 1940's.

Palestine. Between 1933 and 1935, more than 100,000 Jewish refugees fled to Palestine from Nazi Germany and Poland. The Jewish immigration alarmed the Palestinian Arabs, who wanted Palestine to become an independent Arab state. In 1936, they called a general strike that almost paralysed Palestine. They declared the strike would last until the British halted Jewish immigration. But after about five months, the Arabs ended the strike without achieving their goals.

In 1947, the United Nations (UN) voted to divide Palestine into two states, one Arab and one Jewish. The Jews accepted this solution and established the State of Israel on May 14, 1948. The Arabs, who made up about two-thirds of the population of Palestine, rejected the plan. The next day, five Arab states--Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Lebanon, and Syria--attacked Israel. The Israelis defeated the Arabs.

Answer 5

Look at the history of the Ottoman Empire and the history of Egypt and Saudi Arabia.

The Ottoman Empire imposed peace in pretty much the same way Saddam did. Strict enforcement of civil law.

Answer 6

previous to 1950 there became into no wreck down of Ethnic communities in censuses contained in the midsection East. And it became into basically measured in 1950 with the aid of fact the British Mandate that had inherited the areas of Iraq, Jordon and Palestine from the Turkish became into coming to an end with those countries transforming into self sufficient / British retreating. that's genuine that in the time of 1948 on my own that's predicted fifty 3% of peoples living contained in the Palestinian Protectorate have been expelled from their properties to make way for the Jewish state. Of the folk living contained in the element that became Israel extraordinarily much ninety% of them have been expelled. This evacuation is a a approaches better proportion of people than the eighty 5% of people forced to evacuate Phnom-Pen in 1975 by the Khmer Rouge regime. Such clearing (or cleansing) of the peoples living in Palestine might desire to be seen to have Genocidal purpose. it would have an identical consequence as requiring all of us of Irish and/or Polish families living in cities between Boston and Washington DC to pass away their properties and stay someplace else. no longer basically might all those human beings now no longer stay there, however the history they shaped contained in the section will grow to be a void, and places and activities may even unfastened their value or be forgotten very without postpone. yet another element nonetheless, in 1917 Palestine and Jerusalem became into invaded by Entente Forces and the region have been recruited from heavily to assist proper capability forces. this could be a clarification why the inhabitants became into so low, with the aid of hostilities and actuality quite some the inhabitants became into scuffling with slightly conflict customary as worldwide conflict a million.

Answer 7

Absolutely not; wars have been fought over Jerusalem centuries before Israel was established.

See "the Crusades"

Answer 8

They are backward tribes that must constantly war upon one another because they are incapable of building a civilization and bored with the ones built for them by others. A typical recent example was that the Iraqi Kurds had a civil war once they got temporarily free of Saddam after the Gulf War.

Answer 9

No there have always been wars between arab states. Also they have at different times in history made big inroads into Europe. Perhaps that is Bush`s strategy - Get them before they get you! Who knows.

Answer 10

As peacefully as most other nations on Earth. There were wars from time to time, but then again, where wasn't there?!

Answer 11

I'm thinking yes because
a.no one was in a pissing contest for oil

and
b.Israel didn't exist.