What is the hottest known temperature in the universe? and where is it?

Answer 1

http://www.badastronomy.com/mad/1997/hightemp.html
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This is actually not an easy question! It depends on what you mean by temperature. Here on Earth, in our cozy blanket of air at one atmospheric pressure, we think of temperature as how hot something is. But on a microscopic level, that really means how vigorously molecules and atoms are bumping into each other. The faster they move, the harder they bump, and the higher the temperature.
However, have you ever wondered why water at 70 degrees Centigrade might scald you, but air at that temperature won't? Air is less dense than water, so it carries less energy total even if the temperature is the same. The atoms are jiggling just as fast, but there are fewer of them.

I bring this up because there can be ridiculously high temperatures in the Universe, but they don't mean much! For example, the Voyager probe measured a temperature of over one billion degrees in the magnetosphere of Uranus. Imagine! But really what it was measuring were particles moving extremely quickly. If you stood (well, floated) in Uranus' magnetosphere, you wouldn't suddenly vaporize. On the contrary, you'd freeze! The particles may be very very hot, but there simply aren't enough of them for them to heat you up.

So to answer your question, probably the hottest temperatures reached in the Universe today are in the cores of supernovae (stars that explode), or possibly in the mysterious gamma ray bursters, extremely energetic explosions the cause of which no one knows. But the hottest temperature of all time would have been the Big Bang: since it had all the matter and energy squeezed into one point, it must have had nearly infinite temperature!
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http://www.phys.utk.edu/sorensen/pub/PAD_CV.htm

Based on data from CERN in Switzerland we have finally been able to detect the emission of direct photons from heavy ion reactions. The implications of this discovery are huge. First of all: based on the slope of the transverse momentum spectrum we can deduce, that the photons are emitted from a fireball at a temperature above 300 MeV, which must be the hottest temperature ever measured of any object!! A temperature of 300 MeV correspond to a temperature of more than 5 trillion degrees on the Fahrenheit scale. More importantly, this discovery strongly suggests that the so-called Quark Gluon Plasma must have been created in the early stages of the fireball. Our discovery was prominently featured during the press conference at CERN in Spring 2000 and was mentioned in the front page feature in New York Times describing the potential discovery of the Quark Gluon Plasma at CERN. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000) 3595

Answer 2

At the center of an exploding supernova, the temperature can reach over a billion degrees C. The hottest manmade temperature is in the center of an exploding nuclear bomb, and can be over 100 million degrees C.

Answer 3

Since temperature relates to the kinetic energy of particles, I suppose you could label an individual particle with a temperature if you knew its energy level. Some cosmic rays have been detected with obscene energy levels. Don't really understand how they are created or keep from losing energy via reactions with the CMB.

Answer 4

The collapse of large stars ( 30 times as large as our sun) that form black holes create some incredibly hot temperatures.
Hyper nova, where the mass equivalent of our sun is converted into pure energy ( Gamma rays) in a few seconds.

Answer 5

The hottest known temperature in the universe is in Elton John's ********.

Answer 6

I think it is hte 2nd largest star in the galaxy...I believe it is a blue star.