Republic of Zimbabwe, and formerly known as the Republic of Rhodesia, is a landlocked country in the southern part of the continent of Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers. It borders South Africa to the south, Botswana to the west, Zambia to the northwest, and Mozambique to the east. In 1888, Cecil Rhodes signed a treaty with King Lobengula of the Ndebele, who succeeded Mzilikazi. It allowed extensive British intervention in the area, and its purpose was primarily to allow mineral extraction. In 1889, Rhodes obtained a charter for the British South Africa Company (BSAC), with the object of occupying and administering what subsequently became known as Rhodesia, and mining gold and other minerals. In 1895 a column of 200 armed white men recruited by the BSAC in South Africa, occupied Mashonaland and promoted the colonization of the region and its land, labour, and mineral resources.
In 1896–1897 the Ndebele, Cazembe and the Shona staged unsuccessful revolts against white colonialists' encroachment on their native lands. This was later known as the first Chimurenga (War of Liberation). Nehanda Nyakasikana, Chaminuka, Muponda, and other Shona spirit mediums and rulers were leaders in this rebellion, and were later captured and executed. The Shonas and the Ndebeles with their spears and knobkerries were no match for the heavily armed British South Africa Police (as the police force of Rhodesia was called), who had horses, guns and cannons. Southern Rhodesia was administered by Rhodes' BSAC until 1922. In a referendum that year, the settler population rejected a proposal for incorporation into the Union of South Africa, and instead became a British self-governing colony.
2006-11-16 05:28:20
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answer #1
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answered by Anonymous
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