why all the electrons are not arranged in a single shel?

Question

all the electrons posses same charge and they are attaracted by protons in the nucleus so why the electrons in the element are not arrange or present in the same shell ?

Answer 1

There is no room for them to fit. the charge capacity of each shell is fixed and thus so is the number of electrons in it. It is the charge of the outer most shell which determines the carachteristics of the atom, and it's nucleus determines it weight. All in balance.

Answer 2

A shell is only a representation of the electron position in a block diagram . In the actual case of a three dimensional figure, electrons circle around the nucleus continuously in a certain specific orbits in a certain specific energy level.
The probability of an electron being found for the specific energy levels say K ,L, M or N periods would be in specific orbital level.
And why a shell contain one or two electrons only is a simple factor that while they revolve around the nucleus containing protons and nutrons, they do so in a partcular shape called S,P or D orbitals, a circular shape or dumb bell shape etc.
While revolving, a certain balance is established between the electrons to continue the orbital movement. So in a single shell orbital state only one or two electrons could participate.
If only one electron is orbiting in a single shell it does not require a balance, rather the balance is governed by the respective proton in the nucleus.
If there are two electrons in a shell, the electrons assume a opposite magnetic spin and balnace each other and at the same time they occupy the space far apart ( 180*)from each other. They never come together.
Suppose there are three electrons in a shell, the third electron would suffer from imbalance and tries to jump to next shell and continue its spin and revolution in a separate shell only. The electrons in a shell can not occupy a 120*position in a single shell.
This is rule of atomic nature and explained much in detail in the quantum theory.

Answer 3

For the same reason why all the strings of a violin cannot be one string.

The different electron orbitals are different energy levels and have different probability patterns because of the electrons as a standing wave form around the nucleus of the atom.

These orbitals are different by specific amounts of energy. When an electron changes from a higher, excited state orbital to a lower level, it emits a specific frequency of light. If it is in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, we can see it. For example, Mercury gives off a violet light at 436 nanometers wave length, and a green light at 546 nm because of the orbitals that its electrons tend to move between.

Similar to your question is why electrons cannot be at any radius orbital or shell? The reason is again similar to the strings of a violin. For any given string (or orbital) only certain energy levels are possible, or, on a violin, only certain tones can be produced for each string.

Since the "tones" of the electron have to be stable and fixed, that means only certain orbitals are possible.

Another way to think about it is that the orbital of the electron can only allow certain frequencies that will be complete; the vibration ends where it begins, so to speak. Otherwise it is unstable and doesn't exist except in transition between stable orbitals.

Answer 4

This is due to Pauli's,principe which states that 2 electrons can not have the 4 quantic number identical

n number of the shell
l number of the subshell must be smaller than n
M number of the case is such that -l and the spin s has only two values 1/2 and -1/2

Answer 5

Every energy shell possesses only certain energy according to Bohrs theory.Hence all e- are not arranged in same energy shell

Answer 6

becaues you can only put i think 4 in the frist shell, because that is all that can fit, then the next shell can fit like 4 or 5 or something.. i dont know

Answer 7

Would be so easy wouldn't it!.

This is just the way we found them. Ask the original Architect.

Answer 8

Do they have to be? Well they aren't and that's the way it is unless you are thinking of applying for the job of janitor of everything that is.