As a king of Macedon Alexander ruled as a typical Greek King. After the conquest of Egypt he started behaving more like an Asian King and he forced people to obey him and worship him as a god. At first he demanded this only from Asians but then also Greeks were forced to treat him as a god. He maintained the persian system with the satrapies for ruling his empire, since it would be too difficult to change public administration in such a short period. He also used many Persians in governing the empire and he also encouraged his generals and the Greek soldiers to mary Persian women in order to create a new empire based on a new Greek-Persian race. He achieved in this way to be accepted by the Persians despite the Macedonian reactions. In the end of his campaign Alexander used not to fight directly the countries he encountered but to make allies of them and then fight those who were opposed to him. He basically maintained the persian administration system but always with respect to the local people. After his death and because he had no heir his empire was divided by his generals in four different states which fighted against each other.
2006-11-06 04:04:53
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answer #1
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answered by eratkos7 2
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Alexander the Great (Greek: ÎÎÎ³Î±Ï á¼Î»ÎξανδÏοÏ,[1] Megas Alexandros; July 356 BC–June 11, 323 BC), also known as Alexander III, king of Macedon (336–323 BC), was one of, if not the most successful military commanders in history. Before his death, he conquered most of the world known to the ancient Greeks; he is regarded as one of the greatest military strategists and tacticians who ever lived. Alexander is also known in the Zoroastrian Middle Persian work Arda Wiraz NÄmag as "the accursed Alexander" due to his conquest of the Persian Empire and the destruction of its capital Persepolis. He is known as Eskandar in Persian, Dhul-Qarnayn (The two-horned one) in Middle Eastern traditions, al-Iskandar al-Kabeer in Arabic, Sikandar-e-azam in Urdu, Skandar in Pashto, Alexander Mokdon in Hebrew, and Tre-Qarnayia in Aramaic (the two-horned one), apparently due to an image on coins minted during his rule that seemingly depicted him with the two ram's horns of the Egyptian god Ammon. He is known as Sikandar in Urdu and Hindi, a term also used as a synonym for "expert" or "extremely skilled".
Following the unification of the multiple city-states of ancient Greece under the rule of his father, Philip II of Macedon, (a labour Alexander had to repeat twice because the southern Greeks rebelled after Philip's death), Alexander would conquer the Persian Empire, including Anatolia, Syria, Phoenicia, Judea, Gaza, Egypt, Bactria and Mesopotamia and extend the boundaries of his own empire as far as the Punjab. Before his death, Alexander had already made plans to also turn west and conquer Europe. Also he wanted to continue his march eastwards, in order to find the end of the world. Alexander integrated foreigners (non-Macedonians, non-Greeks known as the Successors[2]) into his army and administration, leading some scholars to credit him with a "policy of fusion." He encouraged marriage between his army and foreigners, and practised it himself. After twelve years of constant military campaigning, Alexander died, possibly of malaria, typhoid, or viral encephalitis. His conquests ushered in centuries of Greek settlement and rule over distant areas, a period known as the Hellenistic Age. Alexander himself lived on in the history and myth of both Greek and non-Greek cultures. After his death (and even during his life) his exploits inspired a literary tradition in which he appears as a legendary hero in the tradition of Achilles.
2006-11-06 11:53:02
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answer #2
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answered by laney_po 6
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