about swimming!!?

Question

actually i have an assignment about swimming ! then i need to know wat is swimming , got how many type ,some picture, video, and how to swim !!

Answer 1

Swimming
I INTRODUCTION

Swimming, art of self-support or self-movement, using arms or legs, in or on the water, usually for sport or recreation. Because human beings do not swim instinctively, it must be learnt. Unlike other land animals that propel themselves through water by what is essentially a form of walking, human beings have developed a variety of strokes and body movements that propel them through water with speed and power. They are the basis for the evolution of competitive swimming as a sport.

Swimming may take place in any body of water large enough to allow free movement and not too hot, cold, or turbulent. Currents and tides may render swimming hazardous, but they also serve as a challenge to the strength and courage of swimmers, as in the many successful efforts to swim the English Channel.

Swimming was highly esteemed in ancient Greece and Rome, especially as a form of training for warriors. Competitions were held in Japan in the 1st century bc. Swimming fell into disuse almost entirely, however, in Europe in the Middle Ages when immersion in water was associated with the recurrent epidemic diseases of the time. By the 19th century that prejudice was dispelled, and by the 20th century swimming had become known not only as a means of survival or saving lives in emergencies, but as a valuable tool in physical therapy and as the most beneficial form of general exercise. No other form of exercise uses so many muscles in the body so fully. In addition, greater affluence and improved building and heating techniques have enormously increased the number of indoor and outdoor swimming pools constructed for public use worldwide; and the private pool, once a symbol of exceptional privilege, is now more common.

II TECHNIQUES

The chief obstacle to learning to swim is fear of the water or extreme nervousness, which produces muscular tension. Considerable progress has been made in developing methods to reduce this psychological barrier. Teaching often now begins with very young children. Although it is possible to teach people of an advanced age, the earlier a person learns to swim, the easier it is. Formal swimming instruction is important in order to learn how to correctly coordinate arm and leg movements and breathing. The teaching of swimming has been widely incorporated into the school curriculum in many parts of the world. Techniques for mass teaching were developed during World War II, when courses were developed for teaching troops functional swimming as part of their battle training.

Five recognized strokes have evolved since the late 19th century. They are the crawl (also known as freestyle because it is the stroke of choice in freestyle competition), the first version of which was developed in the 1870s by the English swimmer John Arthur Trudgen; the alternating arm backstroke, first used in the 1912 Olympic Games by the American swimmer Harry Hebner; the breaststroke, the oldest style of swimming (known since the 17th century); the butterfly, developed in the 1930s by Henry Myers and other American swimmers and recognized in the 1950s as a separate kind of stroke; and the sidestroke, which was the basic stroke in the early years of competition but is now used only in non-competitive swimming.

A Crawl

In the crawl, one of the swimmer's arms moves through the air, the hand turning palm downwards ready to catch the water, elbow relaxed, as the other arm pulls back under the water. The legs move in what has evolved in recent years as the flutter kick, an alternating up-and-down movement from the hips, legs relaxed, toes pointed, feet turned inwards. Four to eight kick strokes per single arm movement are used. Proper breathing is very important in this stroke. One full breath can be taken in each arm cycle, with the swimmer inhaling through the mouth by turning the head to the side as the arm passes, then exhaling underwater as the arm comes forward again.

B Breaststroke

In the breaststroke, the swimmer lies front down, arms pointed straight ahead with palms down, and executes the following sequence of horizontal movements. The arms are swept backwards in line with the shoulders, always on or under the surface of the water. The legs are drawn up close to the body, with knees and toes turned out, and are then thrust outwards as the arms are brought back to the starting point—at which the entire cycle begins again. The swimmer exhales underwater. The arm strokes must be lateral, not vertical, an important and much debated point of style in competitive swimming.

C Butterfly

In the variation of the breaststroke known as the butterfly, both arms are brought forwards together over the water and then brought backwards simultaneously. The movement of the arms is continuous and is accompanied by an undulating movement of the hips. The leg kick, called the dolphin kick, is a whip-like downwards motion of the unseparated feet.

D Backstroke

The backstroke is essentially the crawl stroke but with the swimmer's back turned to the water. Alternately, one arm is lifted, palm facing outwards, from beside the leg and is brought up behind the head while the other arm pulls the body through the water. The legs flutter kick.

E Sidestroke

The sidestroke has many uses in non-competitive swimming. It is helpful as a lifesaving technique and, because it is less physically demanding than other swimming strokes, is appropriate for long-distance swimming. It is also popular for recreational swimming because the head remains constantly above water. The swimmer, lying on either side of the body, moves the arms alternately. The arm under the water pulls from below the body, up above the head, forwards and out, and then back down to the thigh; the upper arm sweeps down to the thigh and then pulls forwards again up to the chest. The legs open slowly and then come together sharply, giving a propelling scissor kick before extending straight out.

III COMPETITION

Competitive swimming includes both individual and team events. In medley races, all four types of competition strokes—the crawl, backstroke, breaststroke, and butterfly—are used in one prescribed order for individuals, and in another order for teams. In relay races teams usually consist of four swimmers who race in turn; their aggregate time determines the winner.

In international competition, the length of races ranges from 50 m to 1,500 m (55 yd to 1,650 yd). World records that are recognized when set in pools that are 50 m (55 yd) long are known as long-course; records set in pools that are 25 m (26 yd) long, with obviously more turns, are known as short-course. Electronic measuring and timing devices have largely taken over the function of judges and timekeepers at swimming meets.

A History

In modern times competitive swimming was instituted in Great Britain at the end of the 18th century. The first swimming organization was the National Swimming Society founded in London in 1837. In 1869 the Metropolitan Swimming Clubs Association was formed; this later became the Amateur Swimming Association (ASA). The first national champion was Tom Morris who won a mile race on the River Thames in 1869. By the end of the century competitive swimming was becoming established in Australia and New Zealand, and several European countries had created federations. In the United States amateur clubs began competitive meetings in the 1870s.

The first modern Olympic Games, held in Athens, Greece, in 1896, included swimming races. In 1908 the Fédération Internationale de Natation Amateur was organized to administer amateur swimming competition. Women's swimming events were first included in the Olympics in 1912. Aside from the Olympics, international competition in Europe has been sponsored by amateur swimming clubs since the end of the 19th century; not until the 1920s, however, was such competition established on a permanent and regular basis. Great Britain had established some competitions among the nations of the British Empire by 1910; the first official British Empire Games (now known as the Commonwealth Games), including an important swimming component, were held in Canada in 1930. Swimming now plays an important part in several other international games, most notably the Pan-American Games, and the Asian and Mediterranean games.

World Championships were first held in 1973 and are now held every four years. European Championships were first held in Budapest in 1926; there were five between 1927 and 1947; they were then held at four-yearly intervals from 1950 to 1974, in 1977, and biennially from 1981. There was a World Cup in 1979, when the United States won both men's and women's events. The European Cup was first held in 1969 and thereafter biennially.

Competitive swimming is generally considered to be a race against the clock, but another form of swimming—endurance swimming—pits the swimmer against some of the most dangerous passages of open water in the world. The most famous endurance swim is the cross-Channel swim. The first person to cross the English Channel with no type of buoyancy aid was the former merchant seaman Captain Matthew Webb, who achieved the feat in 21 hours 45 minutes in 1875. The record stood for more than 35 years before a swimmer was again successful. The first woman to swim the Channel was the American Gertrude Ederle, who set a new record (for men or women) of 14 hours 39 minutes in 1926.

The world's foremost freestyle swimmer during the 1920s was the American Johnny Weissmuller, who held almost every record there was for ten years. Australia at the time had its own hero in Andrew Charlton. The next big American swimming sensation was Mark Spitz, who won seven gold medals at the Munich Olympics in 1972, a record that has never been beaten though today's Australian freestyle swimmer Ian Thorpe may come closest in gold medals overall in the future.

Women's swimming in the 1950s and 1960s was dominated by another young Australian in the form of Dawn Fraser, a freestyle swimmer with eight Olympic medals to her name. She was followed a decade later by compatriot Shane Gould, freestyle world record holder at all distances from 100 m to 1,500 m.

Successful British women swimmers of the past have included Anita Lonsborough, the winner of an Olympic gold in Rome in 1960, and Sharron Davies, Britain's best all-round swimmer and winner of a silver medal at the 1980 Olympic Games. From the late 1970s competitive swimming was tainted by drugs taking, and there remains doubt as to whether Kristin Otto of East Germany, the greatest modern swimmer with six golds from the 1988 Olympics in Seoul, took performance-enhancing drugs. Controversy continued closer to date with the Irish swimmer Michelle Smith (unexpectedly the winner of three gold medals at the 1996 Olympics), who was accused of a similar offence and was banned from the sport for four years.

Notable modern-day women swimmers include the recently retired Susie O'Neill of Australia and the sensation of the 2000 Olympics, Inge de Bruijn of the Netherlands. World-class British swimmers of the past 20 years include Karen Pickering and Sarah Hardcastle.

British men have fared best at the Olympic Games using the breaststroke—with Olympic Games gold medallists featuring David Wilkie (1976), Duncan Goodhew (1980), and Adrian Moorhouse (1988). Another British breaststroker of note was Nick Gillingham who won a Commonwealth Games gold in 1994 and an Olympic silver in 1988.

Elsewhere, sprints have been dominated by the American freestyler Matt Biondi and Russia's greatest-ever swimmer Aleksandr Popov. Britain's best-ever sprinter has been the 50 m world-record-breaking Mark Foster. The most famous exponent of the butterfly, the most technically challenging swimming stroke, was the German Michael Gross—nicknamed “the Albatross because of his immense arm span. Modern-day Australian swimmers who have seemingly specialized in the longer (800 m to 1,500 m) freestyle events have included Grant Hackett and the recently retired Kieren Perkins.

Answer 2

Of all the Primates, only humans are capable of swimming. Chimps are too heavy, and sink if they fall into the water. There are many styles of swimming, from the simple 'dog paddle', which is used by most swimming animals, to more unusual styles like the Australian Crawl, the Butterfly, the Dolphin, and various others. For pictures, you are best served using Yahoo Search and the Images tab. Use the Web tab for instructions on how to swim. Not sure where you can find video, though. Maybe an old Olympics videotape.

Answer 3

The established previous annoying of “swim” is “swam”: “I swam to the island.” notwithstanding, even as the word is preceded through a assisting verb, it transformations to “swum”: “I extremely have swum to the island on a daily basis.” Have is the assisting verb right here, hence "swum" must be used. Swam and swum are both previous annoying. Swim is latest annoying and destiny annoying.

Answer 4

Search About.com

Answer 5

swimming is like moving through the water. there are four types of formal strokes in swimming. butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, and freestyle.

Answer 6

so your saying you want to learn how to swim or what

Answer 7

there is 4 type of swim
for pic try google
for learning and video(as mick sayed)try the www.swim.ee

Answer 8

What Thug Angel said!!!

Answer 9

www.swim.ee

check this site