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German romantic writer (1759-1805)
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Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller (November 10, 1759 – May 9, 1805), usually known as Friedrich Schiller, was a German poet, philosopher, historian, and dramatist.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schiller
Schiller is the main project of Christopher von Deylen, a German electronic music composer who produces music which can be considered trance and ambient. Since he himself does not sing on his tracks, he often collaborates with other famous singers in the electronic genre, such as Peter Heppner, Kim Sanders, Maya Saban, miLù, Sarah Brightman, and Alexander Veljanov.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schiller_(band)
Schiller is an oddly-shaped lunar impact crater located in the southwest sector of the moon. To the east is the Bayer crater and to the southeast is Rost crater.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schiller_(crater)
(1759-1805) German dramatist and poet. Worked as military surgeon. First successful play was 'The Robbers', having a revolutionary theme. Other plays include 'Wallenstein', 'Mary Stuart', 'The Maid of Orleans', and 'William Tell'. Also wrote a history of the Thirty Years War. [PRS]
www.embassy.org.nz/encycl/s2encyc.htm
2006-11-03 20:23:02
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answer #1
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answered by mallimalar_2000 7
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Company Portrait
SCHILLER is a leading international manufacturer and supplier of electrocardio- graphs, spirometers, patient monitors and external defibrillators
The company was founded in 1974 by the physicist Alfred E. Schiller. SCHILLER’s leading-edge position in world markets is based on its mastery of clearly defined core competencies and on successfully combining them. Consequent and immediate implementation of new technical potential lead to innovative first-class customer solutions within a below average time scale.
CORE COMPETENCES
Research & Development
Since the beginning of computerised electrocardiology, the R&D department has had a core of experienced top quality engineers, all with extensive knowledge of software and hardware. Members of this department represent SCHILLER in international workgroups at institutions such as the CSE (Common Standard for Quantitative Electrocardiography) and SCP (Standard Communication Protocol), which are setting norm values for the measurement and interpretation of ECGs.
Product Management
We are continually generating new solutions and creating new products. Their successful positioning in the appropriate market segment not only depends on knowing the needs of the market and incorporating the best user benefits, but also on the way the products are promoted, distributed and priced.
With the recent take-over of Bruker’s Cardiology Business, SCHILLER was able to expand its market access by entering the Cardio-Therapy Sector with Cardiac Defibrillation.
Sales and Technical Service
SCHILLER is striving to actively sell the benefits of its products at the best possible price. With our backup in providing an efficient and responsive
technical service and applications support, our customers can get the most out of our products.
Quality ISO 9001:2000 / ISO 13485:2003
SCHILLER products are manufactured under the most stringent quality control conditions, being ISO 9001:2000 / ISO 13485:2003 certified. In addition, we also fulfill the EU medical Products Directive 93/42/EEC, Annex II.3.
With our Declaration of Conformity we confirm that we fulfill the requirements, being certified with the CE-0123 label. Through continued improvement of our processes and quality, as well as the periodical inspection by the Notified Body TÃV, our products fulfill all relevant safety and EMC requirements.
Mission / Vision / Values
Mission
Based on our years of experience, we provide leading-edge technology products related to medical diagnostics and human health to create long-term value to customers, patients and employees.
Vision
SCHILLER is an independent, global company providing a well balanced portfolio of innovative and market oriented products:
* providing leading-edge technology standards
* offering an excellent price-performance ratio
* solving our customers’ real problems
* supporting employees and motivating them to top performance every day
Values
We strongly believe in:
* Customer care
* Respect for people and cultures
* Teamwork
* Environmental responsibility
2006-11-04 04:18:56
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answer #2
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answered by Anonymous
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Schiller" redirects here. For other uses, see Schiller (disambiguation).
Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller (November 10, 1759 – May 9, 1805), usually known as Friedrich Schiller, was a German poet, philosopher, historian, and dramatist. During the last several years of his life (1788–1805), Schiller struck a productive, if complicated, friendship with already famous and influential Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, with whom he discussed much on issues concerning aesthetics, encouraging Goethe to finish works he left merely as sketches; this thereby gave way a period now referred to as Weimar Classicism. They also worked together on Die Xenien (The Xenies), a collection of short but harshly satiric poems in which both Schiller and Goethe verbally attacked those persons they perceived to be enemies of their aesthetic agenda.
Biography
Schiller was born in Marbach, Württemberg (located at the river Neckar in South West Germany, north of Stuttgart, the former Region of Swabia), as the only son, beside five sisters, of military doctor Johann Kaspar Schiller (1733-1796), and Elisabeth Dorothea Kodweià (1732-1802). On 22 February of 1790, he married Charlotte von Lengefeld (1766-1826). Four children were born between 1793 and 1804, the sons Karl and Ernst, and the daughters Luise and Emilie. The grandchild of Emilie, Baron Alexander of Gleichen-RuÃwurm, died in 1947 at Baden-Baden, Germany, as the last living descendant of Schiller.
His childhood and youth were spent in relative poverty, although he attended both village and Latin schools, and coming to the attention of Karl Eugen, Duke of Württemberg, he entered the Karlsschule Stuttgart (an elite, extremely strict, military academy founded by Duke Karl Eugen), in 1773, where he eventually studied medicine. During most of his short life, he suffered from illnesses that he tried to cure himself.
While at the Karlsschule, Schiller read Rousseau and Goethe and discussed Classical ideals with his classmates. At school, he wrote his first play, Die Räuber (The Robbers), which dramatizes the conflict between 2 aristocratic brothers: the elder, Karl Moor, leads a group of rebellious students into the Bohemian forest where they become Robin Hood like bandits, while Franz Moor, the younger brother schemes to inherit his father's considerable estate. The play's critique of social corruption and its affirmation of proto-revolutionary republican ideals astounded the original audience, and made Schiller an overnight sensation. Later, Schiller would be made an honorary member of the French Republic, because of this play.
In 1780, he obtained a post as regimental doctor in Stuttgart, a job he disliked.
Following the remarkable performance of Die Räuber in Mannheim, in 1781, he was arrested and forbidden by Karl Eugen himself from publishing any further works. He fled Stuttgart, in 1783, coming via Leipzig and Dresden to Weimar, in 1787. In 1789, he was appointed professor of History and Philosophy in Jena, where he wrote only historical works. He returned to Weimar, in 1799, where Goethe convinced him to return to playwriting. He and Goethe founded the Weimar Theater which became the leading theater in Germany, leading to a dramatic renaissance. He remained in Weimar, Saxe-Weimar until his death at 45 from tuberculosis.
Writing
Schiller was at once a playwright, poet, historian and philosoper and he wrote voluminously, particularly when one considers his relatively short life-span.
Philosophical papers
Goethe and Schiller in WeimarSchiller wrote many philosophical papers on ethics and aesthetics. He synthesized the thought of Immanuel Kant with the thought of Karl Leonhard Reinhold.He developed the concept of the Schöne Seele (beautiful soul), a human being whose emotions have been educated by his reason, so that Pflicht und Neigung (duty and inclination) are no longer in conflict with one another; thus "beauty," for Schiller, is not merely a sensual experience, but a moral one as well: the Good is the Beautiful. His philosophical work was also particularly concerned with the question of human freedom, a preoccupation which also guided his historical researches, such as The Thirty Years War and The Revolt of the Netherlands, and then found its way as well into his dramas (the "Wallenstein" trilogy concerns the Thirty Years War, while "Don Carlos" addresses the revolt of the Netherlands against Spain.) Schiller wrote two important essays on the question of the Sublime (das Erhabene), entitled "Vom Erhabenen" and "Ãber das Erhabene"; these essays address one aspect of human freedom as the ability to defy one's animal instincts, such as the drive for self-preservation, as in the case of someone who willingly dies for a beautiful idea.
the Dramas
Schiller is considered by most Germans to be Germany's most important classical playwright. Critics like F.J. Lamport and Eric Auerbach have noted his innovative use of dramatic structure and his creation of new forms, such as the melodrama and the bourgeois tragedy. What follows is a brief, chronological description of the plays.
The Robbers (Die Räuber): The Robbers is considered by critics like Peter Brooks to be the first European melodrama. The play pits two brothers against each other in alternating scenes as one quests for money and power, while the other attempts to create a revolutionary anarchy in the Bohemian Forest. The play strongly critiques the hypocrisy of class and religion, the economic inequities of German society, and conducts a complicated inquiry into the nature of evil. The language of The Robbers is highly emotional and the depiction of physical violence in the play marks it as a quintessential work of Germany's Storm and Stress movement (Sturm und Drang).
Fiesko:
Intrigue and Love: The aristocratic Ferdinand von Walter wishes to marry Luisa Miller, the bourgeois daughter of the city's music instructor. Court politics involving the duke's beautiful but conniving mistress, Lady Milford and Ferdinand's ruthless father create a disastrous situation reminiscent of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. Schiller continues his critique of absolutism and bourgeois hypocrisy in this bourgeois tragedy. Giuseppe Verdi's opera Luisa Miller is based on this play.
Don Carlos: This play marks Schiller's entree into historical creation. Very loosely based on the events surrounding the real Don Carlos of Spain, Schiller's Don Carlos is yet another republican figure attempting to free Flanders from the despotic grip of his father, King Phillip. The Marquis Posa's famous speech to the king proclaims Schiller's continuing belief in personal freedom and democracy.
The Wallenstein Trilogy: These plays follow the fortunes of a treacherous commander during the Thirty Years' War.
Maria Stuart: This "revisionist" history of the Scottish queen who was Elizabeth I's rival makes of Mary Stuart a tragic heroine, misunderstood, and used by ruthless politicians, including and especially, Elizabeth herself.
The Maid of Orleans (Die Jungfrau von Orleans):
The Bride of Messina (Die Braut von Messina):
Demetrius (unfinished):
The Aesthetic Letters
Portrait of Friedrich von Schiller by Gerhard von Kügelgen.A pivotal work by Schiller was On the Aesthetic Education of Man in a series of Letters, (Ãber die ästhetische Erziehung des Menschen in einer Reihe von Briefen) which was inspired by the great disappointment Schiller felt about the French Revolution. He had hoped that it would be an American-style revolution, leading to the formation of a constitutional republic. Instead, it became a bloodbath. Schiller wrote that "a great moment has found a little people," and wrote the Letters as a philosophical inquiry into what had gone wrong, and how to prevent such tragedies in the future. In the Letters he asserts that it is possible to elevate the moral character of a people, by first touching their souls with beauty, an idea that is also found in his poem Die Künstler (The Artists): "Only through Beauty's morning-gate, dost thou penetrate the land of knowledge."
On the philosophical side, Letters put forth the notion of der sinnliche Trieb / Sinnestrieb ("the sensuous drive") and Formtrieb ("the formal drive"). In a comment to Immanuel Kant's philosophy, Schiller transcends the dualism between Form and Sinn, with the notion of Spieltrieb ("the play drive") derived from, as are a number of other terms, Kant's The Critique of the Faculty of Judgment. The conflict between man's material, sensuous nature, and his capacity for reason (Formtrieb being the drive to impose conceptual and moral order on the world), Schiller resolves with the happy union of Form and Sinn, the "play drive," which for him is synonymous with artistic beauty, or "living form." On the basis of Spieltrieb, Schiller sketches in Letters a future ideal state (an eutopia), where everyone will be content, and everything will be beautiful, thanks to the free play of Spieltrieb. Schiller's focus on the dialectical interplay between Form and Sinn has inspired a wide range of succeeding aesthetic philosophical theory.
Historical Writings
Poetry
Ennoblement
10 Mark banknote from East Germany of 1964 showing Friedrich SchillerFor his achievements, Schiller was ennobled, in 1802, by the Duke of Weimar. His name changed from Johann Christoph Friedrich Schiller to Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller.
Quotations
"Against stupidity the gods themselves contend in vain." — Maid of Orleans
"The voice of the majority is no proof of justice"
"Deeper meaning resides in the fairy tales told me in my childhood than in any truth that is taught in life."
"Eine Grenze hat die Tyrannenmacht", which literally means "A tyrant's power has a limit".
Musical settings of Schiller's poems and stage plays
Ludwig van Beethoven said that a great poem is more difficult to set to music than a merely good one, because the composer must improve upon the poem. In that regard, he said that Schiller's poems were greater than those of Goethe, and perhaps that is why there are relatively few famous musical settings of Schiller's poems. Two notable exceptions are Beethoven's setting of An die Freude (Ode to Joy) in the final movement of the Ninth Symphony, and the choral setting of Nänie by Johannes Brahms. Also, Giuseppe Verdi admired Schiller greatly and adapted several of his stage plays for his operas.
Works
Plays
Die Räuber (The Robbers) (1781)
Kabale und Liebe (Intrigue and Love) (1784)
Don Carlos, Infant von Spanien (Don Carlos) (1787)
Wallenstein (1800) (translated from a manuscript copy into English as The Piccolomini and Death of Wallenstein by Coleridge in 1800)
Die Jungfrau von Orleans (The Maid of Orleans) (1801)
Maria Stuart (Mary Stuart) (1801)
Turandot (1802)
Die Braut von Messina (1803)
Wilhelm Tell (William Tell) (1804)
Demetrius (unfinished at his death)
2006-11-04 06:22:44
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answer #5
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answered by ? 2
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