anyone know the answer of this problem?

Question

After two weeks of being screamed at by his drill sergeant at boot camp, a Marine recruit named Joe shudders every time he hears the footsteps of his drill sergeant coming down the hall. When the drill sergeant enters the room, Joe snaps to attention and salutes. In this example, shuddering is _____ and saluting is a _____.
a. an operant response in the presence of a discriminative stimulus; a conditioned response
b. an unconditioned response; an example of latent learning
c. a conditioned response; an operant response in the presence of a discriminative stimulus
d. an example of punishment by application; a conditioned response

Answer 1

I would say C

Joe knows from experience that the drill sergeant (ignoring the discussion on whether this is right or not :)) so when he hears the footsteps he knows what will happen and has conditioned himself.

Taken from this site: http://www.psychology.uiowa.edu/Faculty/wasserman/Glossary/stimuli.html

A discriminative stimulus influences the occurrence of an operant response because of the contingencies of schedules of reinforcement or paradigms of reinforcement/punishment that are or have been associated with that response. Many authors further suggest that discriminative stimuli provide information to the organism, allowing it to respond appropriately in the presence of different stimuli. An observing response is sometimes necessary for presentation of the discriminative stimulus/stimuli.

So the sergeant is a discriminative stimulus because Joe is not going to salute his Priest whenever he sees him.

Answer 2

Yes. It is the usual sloppy example given in social science. Drill instructor. You do not salute a non-commissioned officer in the Marine Corp. This is one of the reasons social science has a bad reputation among scientists, even among lay people. I would not chose any of the answers giving on this behaviorist excuse for a test. I did not know they still went in for this nonsensical behaviorist methodology. It is just as likely that this response of Joe's is a fully formed ruse, as well as any of the obvious answers offered.

Answer 3

A is only 1/2 correct. Saluting would be a mistake. Give Merry Mort the 10 pts. My son was in the Marine Corps.
He wanted to experience excellence and he did. SEMPER FI!

Answer 4

The answer is A.

but.. the problem with the question is.. There are NO Drill Sergeants in the Marines. We call them Drill Instructors. :) Also, there are no officers who are Drill Instructors.. and since we only salute officers the question is bogus in the first place.


seriously.. the answer is A.

Answer 5

C or A. not sure what "operant" means... but he shudders involuntarily, and he knows to salute.

Answer 6

I have to say B
He already was shuddering,,,,, hence unconditional,,,,,,,, salute,,,, conditioned response

Answer 7

I believe it would be C.

Answer 8

D?

Answer 9

C---A