Cosmetics or make-up are substances used to enhance the beauty of the human body. Cosmetics include lotions, powders, lipstick and many other types of products. Their use is widespread, especially among women in Western countries. The manufacture of cosmetics is currently dominated by a small number of multinational corporations that originated in the early 20th century, but the distribution and sale of cosmetics is spread among a wide range of different businesses.
The first archaeological evidence of cosmetics usage is found in Ancient Egypt around 4000 BC. The Ancient Greeks and Romans also used cosmetics. The Romans and Ancient Egyptians used cosmetics containing mercury and often lead. In the western world, cosmetics were used throughout the medieval period, although their use was typically restricted to the upper classes.
Cosmetics were also used in Persia and what is today the Middle East from ancient periods. After Arab tribes converted to Islam and conquered those areas, in some areas cosmetics were only restricted if they were to disfigure the real look in order to mislead or cause uncontrolled desire. All branches of Islam set a number of rules of thumb relating to purity and cleanness, whether in its physical or spiritual form. For some branches, the general rule is outlined by the Quran: “For Allah loves those who turn to Him constantly and He loves those who keep themselves pure and clean” (2:222). Muhammad also declared: "Allah is Beautiful and He loves beauty." On the other hand, some "fundamentalist" branches of Islam forbid the use of cosmetics. The Taliban, for example, would beat or kill women found to be wearing cosmetics.
An early cosmetologist was the physician Abu’al-Qassim al-Zahrawi, or Abulcassis (936-1013 AD), who wrote a medical encyclopedia Al-Tasreef, in 30 volumes, with chapter 19 devoted to cosmetics. As the treatise was translated into Latin, the cosmetic chapter was used in the West. Al-Zahrawi considered cosmetics a branch of medication, which he called Medicine of Beauty (Adwiyat al-Zinah). He deals with perfumes, scented aromatics and incense. There were perfumed stocks rolled and pressed in special moulds, perhaps the earliest antecedents of present day lipsticks and solid deodorants. He used oily substances called Adhan for medication and beautification.
During some periods, cosmetic use was frowned upon. For example, in the 1800s, Queen Victoria publicly declared makeup impolite. It was viewed as vulgar and something that was worn by actors and prostitutes.
By World War II, cosmetics had common application for all classes, and for the upper classes in nearly all societies.
In Japan, geishas wore lipstick made of crushed safflower petals to paint the eyebrows and edges of the eyes as well as the lips. Sticks of bintsuke wax, a softer version of the sumo wrestlers' hair wax, were used by geisha as a makeup base. Rice powder colors the face and back; rouge contours the eye socket and defines the nose. Black paint colours the teeth for the ceremony when maiko (apprentice geisha) graduate and become independent.
As of 2006, the cosmetics manufacturing industry is dominated by a small number of multinationals that all originated in the early 20th century. Of the major firms, the oldest and the largest is L'Oréal, which was founded by Eugene Shueller in 1909 as the French Harmless Hair Colouring Company (now owned by Liliane Bettencourt 27.5% and Nestlé 26.4%, with the remaining 46.1% are publicly traded). The true market developers were the 1910s American trio Elizabeth Arden, Helena Rubinstein, and Max Factor. These firms established the market and were augmented by Revlon just before World War II and Estée Lauder just after.
The popularity of cosmetics in the 20th century has made the industry multi-billion in stature. Especially in the United States, cosmetics are being used by teens (especially teen girls) at a younger and younger age. Many companies have catered to this expanding market by introducing more flavored lipsticks and glosses, cosmetics packaged in glittery, sparkly packaging and marketing and advertising using young girls. Some social consequences of physical image continuously existing in the spot light have had much attention in the media over the last years. Many fear teens are displaying the physical signs of maturity long before they are mentally and psychologically ready to handle the attention brought forth by their physical image.
Small independents, like semi-permanent cosmetics company Lip-Ink International, have attempted to break into the cosmetics market with unique products, but are largely shut out of the major retail outlets.
Make-up can be casually, perhaps derisively, referred to as "war paint."
2006-10-24 08:59:55
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answer #1
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answered by Anonymous
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Makeup is to fix a fault or go back over something.
Makeup on your face was to cover blenishes, now it adds to and exaggerates features.
Makeup being paper work is something usualy for something you missed. Like you may have missed a test or some class work, so you are Makeing Up for that, doing work that will be filed as work done even though you didn't do it at the correct time,... *is distracted* *isn't allowed to think any more*
2006-10-24 09:08:28
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answer #2
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answered by sailortinkitty 6
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eyeliner- STILA Stay All Day® Waterproof Liquid Eye Liner concealer- SMASHBOX Camera Ready BB Cream Eyes Broad Spectrum SPF 15 mascara- Diorshow Iconic Overcurl (brown) blush- STILA Aqua Glow Watercolor Blush tinted moisturizer- Smashbox BB water 2. Try a setting spray and primer 3. Maybe you can go to Sephora makeup lessons
2016-03-28 06:20:53
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answer #3
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answered by Beverly 4
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makeup is something u put on your face to make u look ladylike or as a girl some makeup is like lip stick of ieye shadow
2006-10-24 09:00:55
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answer #4
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answered by Jassalina F 1
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Cosmetics or makeup are substances to enhance the beauty of the human body.
2006-10-24 09:12:26
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answer #5
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answered by blah blah 5
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A female version of war paint used to lure in unsuspecting mates... I've been scared a few times by females that wear caked on make up... You finally see them with none on and they look like a gravel road..*pot holes*.. no offense to anyone but that's false advertisement in my world... I prefer natural beauty and so does my husband..
Or are you talking about what my children play everyday.. They makeup little adventures for themselves ...
2006-10-24 09:01:43
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answer #6
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answered by secret agent lady 4
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Make-up is the veil that hides the face of the ugly sultan's daughter. Make-up is the temporary coating of cement that fills the holes and hides the cracks and imperfections on the driveway of ones' face. Make-up is the beautiful comforter that hides an unmade bed.
2006-10-24 09:07:17
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answer #7
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answered by rjinsanjo 2
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Makeup is what we do after we get in a fight with our boyfriend/ girlfirned/ son/ daughter/ brother/ sister/ aunts/ uncles/ cousins/ nieces/ nephews...... etc, etc, etc.
2006-10-24 09:04:42
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answer #8
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answered by Summer 5
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I would say cosmetics to enhance beauty or specific features
2006-10-24 08:59:56
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answer #9
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answered by "tre-double" 2
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Paint that covers the soul.
2006-10-24 09:01:19
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answer #10
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answered by Amber S 3
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