How does chromatography separate the components of a mixture?

Answer 1

The mixture is dissolved (or evaporized into) a carrier solvent and carried over a surface which can form weak reversible bonds with the components of some sort. (Surface reactions can be absorption on a polar or apolar medium, or in case of gel chromatography insertion into cavities of a certain size.)

The separation occurs when the different substances in the mixture form differently strong bonds with the surface. The substances which form the stronger bonds will be carried on later than those forming weaker bonds.

On the end of the chromatography the solvent leaves the surface. Depending on the type of chromatography, the substances can remain on the surface agent and be separated or made visible there (e.g. in thin layer chromatography) or solvent keeps passing through until all substances of the mixture leave the surface material on the far end (e.g. in HPLC and GC).

Fairly often, groups of substances react very similar to one kind of surface but need to be separated in another chromatography.

Answer 2

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How does chromatography separate the components of a mixture?

Answer 3

Gas chromatography involves passing a sample of gases (in an inert carrier gas) over a finely-divided, liquid-coated solid. Some components of the mixture are more soluble in the liquid-coated solid, and so are held back compared to other components which are less soluble. At the end, a suitable detector pick out each individual peak, which is recorded and printed out.

Answer 4

Chromatography is the process of separating 2 or more solids in a liquid.This is used to separate the dyes present in ink etc. In the most common method, for example, a blob of ink is put on a filter paper which is then submerged partially in water. By capiliary action(like how water in soil flows up a plant through the roots) the water flows up the filter paper taking along with it the dyes in order of solubility(how well they dissolve in water).The number of spots formed indicate the number of dyes.

Answer 5

Basically,amixture contains many components .In chromatography we use a mobile phase and a stationary phase .i.e you dissolve your mixture in a compound (stationary) and saturate the colume(plate or paper)with mobile phase. the two components (for ex) have diff affinity and as the mobile phase runs your mixture gets srperated based on the affinity to your mobile phase snd in the paper it appears as two spots , that can be eluted out (seperated using a chemical)

Answer 6

There are many types of chromatography and the basic principle behind this technique is the difference in the molecular size of the substances being separated.

http://www.accessexcellence.org/LC/SS/chromatography_background.html.

check out this link for more info.

Answer 7

when placed in different solvents, substances will then have different level of solubility in the solvent.

the more soluble it is in that particular solvent, the faster it will travel.
and vice versa.

in short, chromatography actually make use of the different solubilities of substances to separate them.

hope that helps! :)

Answer 8

different component have different velocity when they r allowed to pass through a medium. and thus they gets seperated. although there r different process of chromatography