Acceleration around black hole ?

Question

A black hole is supposed to have huge gravitational force. So big that light particles cannot escape the force. So what happened to the particles? Are they just floating there, not moving anywhere, or are they got pulled toward the black hole? If they got pulled, than the force is supposed to give acceleration bigger than the speed of light, right?. Then if an object moves toward the black hole, and got pulled, can that object be faster than the speed of light? (ignoring the fact that the object should be crushed apart by the huge gravitational force)

Answer 1

Photons of light continue to move at the speed of light when caught in the gravity well of a black hole. However, that is less than the excape velocity for the black hole, so the photons can only orbit the black hole. It's just like how a vehicle moving below Earth's escape velocity just moves across its surface instead.

Answer 2

First, photons are massless, so black holes do not affect them directly. Black holes warp space, and it is this warping that traps the light.

Second, acceleration cannot be faster than light. As a particle with mass approaches the speed of light its mass grows. By the equation f=ma, as the mass goes up the acceleration will go down. The speed of light is an asymptote for the speed of a massy particle.

As to what happens inside, with the relativistic and quantum effects going on the whole meaning of time, distance, and mass becomes pretty hard to picture. Photons, moving at the speed of light, do not experience time, so how can you ask what happens to them at some point?

Answer 3

You are correct light speed such as all things only maintains relative variables, and can also be accelerated by black holes, curved around black holes, and even slowed again after passing black holes.

also the object would not be crushed apart, but condensed, similar to what happens if you take a Styrofoam cup, and place it in the outer basket of a submarine which is traveling to the bottom of the ocean, once the submarine returns from it's voyage, the Styrofoam cup is much smaller but still a perfect cup.

you could think of it as energy implosion, and if Mr. Einstein is correct that time stops with in a black hole, then all molecular energy stops functioning also which indicates to me that Zero Calvin must be Observed, although since vacuum energy suction, or Gravity is increased then particle energy spin must be maintained with in the sub molecular energy ether.

Personally I reject the notion that photons are massless, as all energy has mass, and it is only our inability to measure the weight of a photon which is in error, and as for spaghettifacation, well it sounds like a cool thing to do with egg dough when making spaghetti, I would like to eat it with a wonderful Italian sauce.

Answer 4

I don't know about you guys, but "spagettification" is a cool word. The mass of the black hole isn't limited by space and normal density. the point of singularity is essentially zero volume, so it's so dense atoms have collapsed and only the mass remains, creating a huge gravitiational force.

Answer 5

Photons have no mass, so they cannot be "pulled" in by gravity.

The space-time curvature traps the photons inside the event horizon, somewhat similar to a condition of total internal reflection.