How do I calculate impact velocity?

Question

Knowing the time of flight, the initial velocity in the x direction, and the final velocity in the y direction, how do i find the impact velocity ?(whatever that is)

Answer 1

This is actually quite easy with the information you are giving if we make some basic assumptions.

1. There is no air resistance
2. There is no wind.
3. The only acceleration is the acceleration of gravity (the object has no propulsion)

If you need to factor these in, it gets a little more complicated and messy.

Thus, with those assumptions,

we know that the velocity in the x direction will never change since we are ignoring air resistance.

We know the final velocity in the y direction.

Thus, the impact velocity is simply composed of the initial x velocity, v_x and the final y velocity, v_y.
or V = = v_x i + v_y j

Now I assume you are asking about the impact speed.

If you are looking for a non-vector notation, find the magnitude (speed) and angle of the two velocities.

thus

sqrt(v_x^2 + v_y^2) = magnitude = V (speed)
angle = atan(v_y/v_x)


Now, a normal physics problem will normally give you just the v_x. To get the v_y, you simply multiply the acceleration of gravity (9.81 m/s^2) by the time the object falls.

Answer 2

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RE:
How do I calculate impact velocity?
Knowing the time of flight, the initial velocity in the x direction, and the final velocity in the y direction, how do i find the impact velocity ?(whatever that is)

Answer 3

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Well if the asteroid strikes the earth at 30,000 mph, then the impact velocity would be 30,000 mph because impact velocity is the velocity at which an object impacts with the Earth. Did you perhaps mean the momentum that the asteroid impacts the Earth?

Answer 4

the impact velocity is the vector sum of the final y and and x
sqrt(x^2 + y^2)

Assuming no air friction/resistance(Only for the x component)

Answer 5

h(t) = ho - 4.9t^2 where ho is initial height When object hits ground, h = 0 0 = ho - 4.9t^2 t = sqrt(ho/4.9) This is when the object hists the ground. Using this in the v(t) equation: v(sqrt(ho/4.9)) = -9.8 sqrt(ho/4.9)