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In the traditional accounts, Paris, son of the Trojan king, ran off with Helen, wife of Menelaus of Sparta, whose brother Agamemnon then led a Greek expedition against Troy. The ensuing war lasted 10 years, finally ending when the Greeks pretended to withdraw, leaving behind them a large wooden horse with a raiding party concealed inside. When the Trojans brought the horse into their city, the hidden Greeks opened the gates to their comrades, who then sacked Troy, massacred its men, and carried off its women. This version was recorded centuries later; the extent to which it reflects actual historical events is not known.
2016-03-26 22:29:32
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answer #2
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answered by Anonymous
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i am hoping and assuming you mean the trojan war...
go to these links:
http://www.stanford.edu/~plomio/history.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trojan_War
The Trojan War was a war waged, according to legend, against the city of Troy in Asia Minor (present-day Turkey), by the armies of the Achaeans, after Paris of Troy stole Helen from her husband Menelaus, king of Sparta. The war is among the most important events in Greek mythology and was narrated in many works of Greek literature, of which the two most famous are the Iliad and the Odyssey of Homer. The Iliad relates a part of the last year of the siege of Troy, and the Odyssey describes the journey home of Odysseus, one of the Achaean leaders. Other parts of the story were narrated in a cycle of epic poems, which has only survived in fragments. Episodes from the war provided material for Greek tragedy and other works of Greek literature, and Roman poets like Virgil and Ovid.
The war sprang from a quarrel between the goddesses Athena, Hera and Aphrodite, after the goddess Eris ("Strife") gave them a golden apple with the inscription "to the fairest" (sometimes known as the apple of Discord). The goddesses went to Paris, who judged that Aphrodite, as the "fairest", should receive the apple. In exchange, Aphrodite made Helen, the most beautiful of all women, fall in love with Paris, who took her to Troy. Agamemnon, king of Mycenae, and the brother of Helen's husband Menelaus, led an expedition of Achaean troops to Troy and besieged the city for ten years. After the deaths of many heroes, including the Achaeans Achilles and Aias, or Ajax, and the Trojans Hector and Paris, the city fell to the ruse of the Trojan Horse. The Achaeans mercilessly slaughtered the Trojans and desecrated the temples, thus earning the gods' wrath. Few of the Achaeans returned to their homes and many founded colonies in distant shores. The Romans later traced their origin to Aeneas, one of the Trojans, who was said to have led the surviving Trojans to Italy.
Ancient Greeks believed that the Trojan War was a historical event. They believed that this war took place in the 13th or 12th century BC, and that Troy was located in the vicinity of the Dardanelles in what is now north-western Turkey. By modern times both the war and the city were widely believed to be non-historical. In 1870, however, the German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann excavated a site in this area which he believed to be the site of Troy, and at least some archaeologists agree. There remains no certain evidence that Homer's Troy ever existed, still less that any of the events of the Trojan War cycle ever took place. Many scholars would agree that there is a historical core to the tale, though this may simply mean that the Homeric stories are a fusion of various stories of sieges and expeditions by the Greeks of the Bronze Age or Mycenean period. Those who think that the stories of the Trojan War derive from a specific historical conflict usually date it to between 1300 BC and 1200 BC, usually preferring the dates given by Eratosthenes (1194 BC – 1184 BC) which roughly corresponds with the burning of Troy VIIa.
2006-10-18 06:48:40
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answer #3
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answered by Anonymous
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Fall of Troy
The Greeks were dismayed by the deaths of two of their greatest fighters. The city seemed as invulnerable as ever.
The Greek seer, named Calchas, told them Troy won't fall until Neoptolemus, son of Achilles join the war. Calchas also said that the bow and arrows of Heracles must be brought to Troy.
Odysseus easily persuaded young Neoptolemus to join the Greeks. Neoptolemus was living with his mother Deídameia, daughter of Lycomedes, on the island of Scyrus. The bow of Heracles, however, belonged to one of the Greek leaders named Philoctetes, whom the Greeks had abandoned on the island of Lemnos due to the vile odour from snakebite.
Philoctetes was bitter of the Greeks deserting him on the uninhabited island, and he refused to join the Greeks, when they arrived. Philoctetes want to kill Odysseus, Agamemnon and Menelaus, because they were responsible for leaving him behind. Philoctetes would have killed Odysseus, until the appearance and intervention of Heracles himself. Either Philoctetes or his father had lit the hero's funeral pyre; in return, Heracles had given his mighty bow to whoever had lit his pyre. Philoctetes or his father happened to be Heracles' friend. Heracles, now a god, persuaded his friend to return with Odysseus to Troy. Heracles assured his old friend that he would finally be healed.
At Troy, Philoctetes was healed by one of the Greek healers, named Machaon, the son of Asclepius.
In the fighting, the first person Philoctetes mortally wounded with his arrow was Paris.
Paris remembering his first wife's words, whom he had abandoned for Helen. Oenoe had told Paris before he left for Sparta that she would heal him if he was ever wounded. But the nymph could not forgive him for not returning earlier; she refused to heal Paris. Paris had no choice but to return to Troy to die. Oenone at once regret her decision, and went after Paris with drug to heal him of the Hydra's venom. But it was too late for Oenone to save him. In her grief, Oenone hanged herself.
One last ally came to Troy's aid. Eurypylus, the son of Telephus, against his father's wishes, because Telephus had promised the Greeks he would not aid Troy in the war. Breaking Telephus' promises, Eurypylus arrived with new Mysian reinforcement. Eurypylus killed many Greeks, including the healer, Machaon. Neoptolemus killed Eurypylus, avenging Machaon's death.
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With Paris dead, his two brothers, Helenus and Deïphobus (Deiphobus), quarrelled over who would have Helen. The people of Troy decided in favour of Deïphobus, and forced Helen to marry him.
Helenus left the city but was captured by Odysseus. Helenus was the son of Priam and Hecuba, but he was also a seer, like his sister, Cassandra. The Greeks somehow managed to persuade the seer to reveal the weakness of Troy. The Greeks learnt from Helenus, that Troy would not fall, while the Palladium, image or statue of Athena, remained within Troy's walls. One night, Odysseus and Diomedes slipped into Troy and stole the Palladium.
The Greeks realised they would only be able to capture the city if they can get some forces within Troy. Odysseus later devised the stratagem on finally winning the war, by building a gigantic wooden horse, and leaving it on the beach. The wooden horse would have some selected men, led by Odysseus, hidden inside its belly. The main force of the Greeks would leave their camp and sailed their ships away, hiding behind the nearest island.
A Greek spy, Sinon, was deliberately left behind, who would try to convince the Trojans that the Greeks had sailed home, and that Trojans should bring the horse inside their walls. The Trojan seers, Cassandra and Laocoön (Laocoon) tried to warn them not to listen to Sinon, but a sea-monster send by Poseidon, killed Laocoön and his two sons. The sea god's intervention had convinced the Trojans that they had won the war, so they brought the wooden horse within Troy's walls. (Follow this link, for the list Greek heroes who had hid inside the Wooden Horse in Facts and Figures.)
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The Trojans celebrated their apparent victory before going to bed. The Greek warriors inside the wooden horse, climbed out of the hidden compartment, open the gate to allow the Greek army entrance into the sleeping city. Agamemnon returned with the main body of the Greek army, and entered the city.
Fighting erupted during the night inside Troy. Although the Trojans fought well in their city, too many of the Trojans were killed in the first hour of attack.
Only two Trojan (Dardanian) leaders survived. Antenor and his family were protected by Menelaüs and Odysseus, who hanged a panther's hide outside of Antenor's door. (Before the war had begun, it was Antenor who advised Priam in returning Helen to Menelaüs. Antenor protected the Greek embassy from attack, when another elder wished to murder them. (See Arrival in Troy about Antenor helping the Greek embassy.)
The other leader who had escaped was another Dardanian, named Aeneas, the son of Anchises and goddess Aphrodite. Aeneas survived and escaped with his father and son. Other Trojans, who had survived the fall of Troy, joined him at Mount Ida. Others say that Aeneas was captured and became slave of Neoptolemus. See Aeneas and the Aeneid for different versions of Aeneas' fate.
By the early morning, Troy had fallen. Neoptolemus had killed Priam either in the palace or at the temple of Zeus. Menelaüs or Odysseus (or both) killed Helen's new husband, Deïphobus. Astyanax, Hector's son, was flung to his death at the top of Troy's wall. According to The Sack of Ilium, it was Odysseus who murdered Astyanax, but Pausanias, with Lescheus as his source, says that it was Neoptolemus, who was responsible for Astyanax's killing.
The ghost of Achilles appeared before the Greeks demanding the sacrifice of Priam's youngest daughter, Polyxena, to appease his spirit. Polyxena preferred death to slavery, willingly allowed Neoptolemus to cut her throat upon Achilles' grave. (See Death of Achilles for the possible cause for Polyxena's sacrifice.)
According to Apollodorus, Laodice, the most beautiful daughter of Priam and Hecuba, escaped capture because the earth opened up and swallowed her. Aethra, mother of Theseus, had served Helen as slave since the Dioscuri captured her. Aethra's grandsons, Demophon and Acamas, freed her and took her back to their ships. (See Theseus, about Aethra).
Disaster fell upon the Greeks, during the sacking and looting of the great city. The seeress Cassandra, daughter of Priam and Hecuba, clung to the statute of Athena, but the Lesser Ajax raped her. Odysseus, unsuccessfully, tried to persuade the Greek leaders to put Ajax to death, by stoning the Locrian leader. Odysseus hoped to divert the goddess' anger. Ajax, however, saved himself by throwing himself upon the very image he had just desecrated. See Aftermath of the War, about the death of Lesser Ajax and the fates of the other Greek leaders.
The Trojan women were to become slaves and concubines to the Greek leaders. Among the most notable, Neoptolemus took Andromache, while Cassandra became Agamemnon's concubine, and Hecuba became Odysseus' slave.
Also
The war lasted ten long years. The Greeks camped at the shores of Iliam and many soldiers died do to plague. After they won certain battles they claimed prizes such as woman. Achilles took a women as his prize for winning a battle but Agamemnon stole his prize away from Achilles that began the quarrel between the two
2006-10-18 06:58:42
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answer #7
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answered by Anonymous
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