10 points!?

Question

Attention all Biology experts, can you explain the steps the HIV viruse goes through in FULL detail ( the way the Biology book explains them). Who ever explains the steps as precisely close to the Biology book as you possible can,10 pionts guaranteed.
Note: I know the steps in full details the way the Biology book explains them, so you don't have to worry about knowing if I know.

NO, this is not a homework question.

Answer 1

The virus will first have to get into the blood stream by various method such as a needle stabbed into the blood vessle with the virus.

Then the virus will find its target molecule which are only expressed on a type of T cell known as CD4+ helper T-cell, this leukocyte is very important in activating B-cells for antibody production and the efficiency of Macrohphage on killing microbes

the virus attaches to the CD4 cell surface molecule via its viral membrane protein GP120, however in order for entrance to occur, the cell being infected must contain the CRC5, or CXCR4 chemokine receptor, the viral protein GP40 interacts with this chemokine receptor which causes endocytosis. (an interesting fact, from researches, that under in vitro environment, the virus is able to enter the cell via other chemokine receptor other than the 2 mentioned, however, in vivo, the virus only enters the cell if it has one of the 2 chemokine receptors. and during the late stage of the AIDS, the virsu are mainly targeting CXCR4 for entrance, and virus entered the cell this way is usually lytic)

the viral particle is then into the cell and the vesicle surronding it is destroyed by lysosome and the virus uncoate itself. HIV is an single RNA virus thus when it's in the cytoplasm, its RNA is converted into double stranded DNA by reverse transcriptase from the virus itself. this double stranded DNA has got the nuclear localisation signal which allows it to be transported into the nucleus.

once in the nucleus of the cell, this small piece of viral DNA can integrate into the cell DNA and either remind dormant or be active. if the viral DNA is being expressed, it will be in the lytic cycle for which the viral protein is synthesis and the viral RNA is tranported into the cytoplasm again and assemble with the protein being produced. as the numbers of virus reach a certain level, the cell will then be lysed, and infect the other normal T cells.

that's the generalisation of HIV infection, i have answered a similar question before, but the asker didn't bother to choose a best answer, i hope you are not like that.

Answer 2

I'm not going to do it. I'd have to dig out an old Virology textbook, which is outdated anyway, and paraphrase about 20 pages of the retroviral chapter. Ten points don't mean that much to me.
Here is my brief and possibly outdated extremely generalized synopsis:
The HIV attaches itself to a cell in the immune system (I forget which one - killer T cell or something). It can do that because it has engnieered some kind of special protein to dock with a receptor on the host cell. The virus injects its RNA into the host cell, and this RNA makes a DNA copy of itself, which inserts itself into the host cell's DNA at the proper place. I believe this type of virus is lysogenic rather than lytic, so it hangs around for a long time inside the host cell before it replicates and produces new viruses, which are released into the host's blood stream.

Answer 3

HIV is a retrovirus, meaning genetic information flows in the reverse direction via reverse transcriptase which transcribes RNA to DNA. The virus is carried to certain white blood cells and attaches to them with gylcoprotein receptors present on the viral envelope. Inside the capsid, there two identical single stranded RNA molecules and two molecules of reverse transcriptase. When the virus fuses with the plasma membrane of the host cell, the contents of the capsid are released and reverse transcriptase catalyzes the synthesis of the DNA strand complimentary to the RNA provided by the virus. Then a complimentary DNA strand is constructed and is incorporated as a provirus into the host's genome. It is there where the viral genes are transcribed to mRNA and translated into HIV proteins in the cytoplasm. Also, the virus is then able to replicate itself in the host.

I hope I didn't forget anything.

Answer 4

What steps? Steps of infection, steps of replication, steps of maturation and release? Which steps?

Which biology book? how old? to what leve of education is it for? I can give you up to date graduate info which is unlikely to be in the book. Do you want full detail of molecular interactions?

This is a site designed for people to ask questions they would like the answer to, not for things like this.

Answer 5

If you know the steps,why are you asking?

Answer 6

ty for 2 points

Answer 7

HIV causes AIDS.