Breakfast cereal
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A spoonful of breakfast cereal of the corn-flake type, with milk and strawberry.A breakfast cereal is a food product designed especially to be marketed to consumers as a ready-made breakfast food. Though cereal foods such as porridge are a staple of daily meals in many countries around the world, in wealthier, consumer-conscious nations such as the United States, entire industries have been created dedicated to the sale of specialized products, such as breakfast cereals. Breakfast cereals are generally eaten cold and mixed with milk and fruit as opposed to hot cereals like oatmeal, grits, etc.
Breakfast cereals are marketed to all ages. For adults, companies such as Kellogg's, Quaker Oats, Post, Nestlé and General Mills promote their products for the health benefits gained from eating oat-based and high fiber cereals. Nevertheless, the vast majority of breakfast cereal sold is marketed to young children. Cereal manufacturers have been criticized for manufacturing breakfast cereals with a heavy sugar content aimed at children. Sugar-laden breakfast cereals have been extremely popular with children for decades, and many adults also buy them out of nostalgia (also because they enjoy the taste). Manufacturers often fortify breakfast cereals with various vitamins and advertise this fact to attract customers.
Contents [hide]
1 Cereals as a breakfast food around the world
2 The Kellogg brothers' contribution
3 Highlights in the history of American breakfast cereals
4 References
5 See also
[edit]
Cereals as a breakfast food around the world
Cereal grains are a staple of breakfasts around the world. In China, a popular breakfast combination includes fried bread and rice porridge. In Russia, a popular breakfast is kasha, a buckweat porridge. In Morocco, breakfast generally includes bread spread with fresh butter and fruit jams. Breakfast cereals as marketed in the United States, though sold in other countries as well, are considered American products. The remainder of this article focuses primarily on American-style breakfast cereals.
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The Kellogg brothers' contribution
Breakfast cereals have their root in the temperance movement in the United States in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Americans were still eating an English breakfast of eggs, bacon, sausage, and beef, with very little fiber. As such, many people suffered painful and debilitating gastrointestinal disorders. The first breakfast cereal, Granula (named after granules) was invented in 1863 by James Caleb Jackson, operator of the Jackson Sanitorium in Dansville, New York and a staunch vegetarian. Despite its high fiber content, the cereal never became popular. It was far too inconvenient, as the heavy bran nuggets needed soaking overnight before they were tender enough to eat.
The next generation of breakfast cereals was considerably more convenient, and, combined with clever marketing, they finally managed to catch on. John Harvey Kellogg, a Seventh-day Adventist and the operator of the Battle Creek Sanitarium in Battle Creek, Michigan, invented in 1887 a ground up wheat, oat, and cornmeal biscuit for his patients suffering from bowel problems, Granola (initially also named Granula, but changed after a lawsuit). His most famous contribution, however, was an accident. After leaving a batch of boiled wheat soaking overnight and rolling it out, Kellogg had created wheat flakes. His brother Will Kellogg later invented corn flakes from a similar method, bought out his brother's share in their business, and went on to found the Kellogg Company in 1906. With his shrewd marketing and advertising, Kellogg's sold their one millionth case after three years. A patient at the Battle Creek Sanitarium, Charles William Post, also made significant contributions to breakfast cereals. After his 1893 visit, he started his own sanitarium, the La Vita Inn, and developed his own coffee substitute, Postum. In 1897, Post invented Grape Nuts and, coupled with a nation-wide advertising campaign, became a leader in the cereal business.
By the 1930s, Kellogg had invented a puffing gun, inventing the first puffed cereal, Kix. Soon shredding was introduced, yielding Shredded Wheat. Starting after World War II, the big breakfast cereal companies (now including General Mills, who started in 1924 with Wheaties) increasingly started to target children. Sugar was added, and the once-healthy breakfasts looked starkly different from their fiber-rich ancestors (Kellogg's Sugar Smacks, started in 1953, had 56% sugar). Different mascots were introduced, first with the Rice Krispies elves and later pop icons like Tony the Tiger and the Trix Rabbit. The current trend is to make cereal more healthy by reducing the amount of sugar and adding whole grains.
Because of Kellogg, the city of Battle Creek is nicknamed the "cereal capital of the world"[1].
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Highlights in the history of American breakfast cereals
A box of Grape Nuts.1863 — Granula created by James Caleb Jackson.
1877 — Portrait of the Quaker man on the Quaker Oats package created. Updated three times: 1946, 1957, and 1972.
1885 — Quaker Oats first packages Quaker Oatmeal in square boxes after years of selling oatmeal in bulk.
1893 — Shredded wheat created by Henry Perky.
1897 — Grape-Nuts created by Post.
1904 — Elijah's Manna created by Post, later to be called Post Toasties.
1906 — Kellogg begins production of Kellogg's Corn Flakes at W.K. Kellogg's newly formed Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company.
1915 — Quaker Oats packages Quaker Oatmeal in now-familiar cylinders.
1916 — Kellogg introduces All-Bran, nicknamed "The Grim Reaper of Loin Chow."
1924 — General Mills introduces Wheaties, called Washburn's Gold Medal Whole Wheat Flakes during its development.
1928 — Kellogg introduces Rice Krispies.
1941 — General Mills introduces Cheerioats, later to be called Cheerios.
1942 — Raisin Bran is introduced by Post.
1952 — Kellogg introduces Sugar Smacks.
1958 — Tony the Tiger wins contest over Katy the Kangaroo to become sole spokes-character for Kellogg's Frosted Flakes.
1961 — Quaker Oats introduces Life Cereal.
1963 — Quaker Oats introduces Cap'n Crunch. Kellogg introduces Fruit Loops.
1965 — Quaker Oats introduces Quisp.
1978 — Quaker Oats introduces Cinnamon Life Cereal.
1990 — Post introduces Honey Bunches of Oats Honey Roasted and Honey Bunches of Oats with Almonds.
1992 — Post created Great Grains Crunchy Pecan and Raisins, Dates.
1994 — Banana Nut Crunch is introduced by Post.
1997 — Post introduces Cranberry Almond Crunch.
2001 — Post introduces Honey Bunches of Oats Strawberry.
2003 — Launch of Post Selects Maple Pecan Crunch.
2004 — Post adds Peach and Banana to Honey Bunches of Oats line.
2004/2005 — General Mills introduces 75% less sugar Cinnamon Toast Crunch, Trix and Coco Puffs
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References
Better Breakfast Ideas
The Early Days of Breakfast Cereals
The History of Cereal
Post Heritage
[edit]
See also
List of breakfast cereals
Cereal box prize
Oatmeal
Grits
Farina (food)
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakfast_cereal"
Categories: Limited geographic scope | Breakfast cereals
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2006-10-13 18:13:55
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answer #9
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answered by Rosemary G 3
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