a few more gases problems?

Question

Observations about real gases can be explained at the molecular level according to the kinetic molecular theory of gases and ideas about intermolecular forces. Explain how each of the following observations can be interpreted according to these concepts, including how the observation supports the correctness of these theories.
A. When a gas-filled balloon is cooled, it shrinks in volume; this occrus no matter what gas is originally placed in the balloon.
B. When the balloon described in [A] is cooled further, the colume does not become zero, rather, the gas becomes a liquid or solid.
C. When NH3 gas is introduced at one end of a long tube while HCl gas is introduced simultaneously at the other end, a ring of white ammonium chloride is observed to form in the tube after a few minutes. This ring is closer to the HCl end of the tube than the NH3 end.
D. A flag waves in the wind.

i just don't understand the wording of what they're looking for. :/
thanks in advance to anyone who can help!

btw, can anyone else help me with the second problem at my other problem here:
http://answers.yahoo.com/question/?qid=20061007134740AAoN4c6
thanks. :]

Answer 1

I agree with the first answer on A and B.
However, for C: The HCl has a higher molecular weight, and thus a higher density, than the NH3. Graham's law says "The rate at which gases diffuse is inversely proportional to the square root of their densities" (see ref. 1) Thus the HCl diffuses more slowly from its end and the NH3 more quickly from its end, and the reaction zone where roughly equal concentrations of the two gases are, is closer to the HCl end.

For D: This is not Brownian motion, which is much smaller scale than the turbulence resulting from wind passing along the surface of a fabric. The turbulence is driven by the forces of lift and friction between the air and the surface. This could be considered as due to intermolecular forces. To a physicist, a full understanding of turbulence is a goal akin to the holy grail. See ref. 2.

Answer 2

ok, for A) what happens is that the gas molecules are constantly colliding with each other and their container, but when they become cooled there is less kinetic energy so there are less collisions. if there are less collisions there is less pressure, which means less volume.
B) the gas becomes a liquid or solid because it has lost so much kinetic energy that it slips into those phases
c) the NH3 has less volume than HCl and thus travels faster. Graham's Law
D) Brownian motion. Gas particles move erratically, constantly bounching off of each other and other objects.

Answer 3

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