what is messapotamia?, what were the list of civilatons that were there? is it really presant day iraq?

Answer 1

Mesopotamia is the region between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in present-day Iraq. One of the first great civilizations began there, called the Babylonia after the city of Babylon. The hanging gardens of Babylon are one of the seven great wonders of the world.

A civilization grew in Mesopotamia because of the good agriculture, which was helped by the two rivers.

Answer 2

Mesopotamia refers to the region now occupied by modern Iraq, eastern Syria, and southeastern Turkey. The toponym comes from the Greek words μέσος "between" and ποταμός "river", referring to the basins of the Euphrates and the Tigris rivers and the area in between. Comparably, the Arabic term is بين نهرين Bayn Nahrain "between two rivers". The fertile geographical area watered by these two rivers is often referred to as the "Cradle of Civilization", since it was here that the first literate societies developed in the late 4th millennium BC. Mesopotamia was coined in the Hellenistic period without any definite boundaries, to refer to a broad geographical area and probably used by the Seleucids. The area became a short-lived province of the Roman Empire at the time of Trajan, with the name Provincia Mesopotamia. Scholars have suggested that the Akkadian term biritum/birit narim corresponded to a similar geographical concept and coined at the time of the Aramaicization of the region[1]. It is however widely accepted that early Mesopotamian societies simply referred to the entire alluvium as kalam in Sumerian (lit. "land"). More recently terms like "Greater Mesopotamia" or "Syro-Mesopotamia" have been adopted to refer to wider geographies corresponding to the Near East or Middle East. The later euphemisms are Euro-centric terms attributed to the region in the midst of various 19th century Western encroachments.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia

Answer 3

Mesopotamia was what is now known as present day Iraq and parts of surrounding nations. There were three main civilizations which resided in Mesopotamia but can be identified as Mesopotamian, they are the Assyrians (what I am), Babylonians, and Sumerians. The Mesopotamians are known for inventing many important inventions such as the wheel, number 0, irrigation system (toilet), lens, glass, sundial, and many others.

Answer 4

Mesopotamia refers to the region now occupied by modern Iraq, eastern Syria, and southeastern Turkey.
The toponym comes from the Greek words µ?s?? "between" and p?taµ?? "river", referring to the basins of the Euphrates and the Tigris rivers and the area in between. "between two rivers".

The fertile geographical area watered by these two rivers is often referred to as the "Cradle of Civilization", since it was here that the first literate societies developed in the late 4th millennium BC. Mesopotamia was coined in the Hellenistic period without any definite boundaries, to refer to a broad geographical area and probably used by the Seleucids. The area became a short-lived province of the Roman Empire at the time of Trajan, with the name Provincia Mesopotamia. Scholars have suggested that the Akkadian term biritum/birit narim corresponded to a similar geographical concept and coined at the time of the Aramaicization of the region. It is however widely accepted that early Mesopotamian societies simply referred to the entire alluvium as kalam in Sumerian (lit. "land"). More recently terms like "Greater Mesopotamia" or "Syro-Mesopotamia" have been adopted to refer to wider geographies corresponding to the Near East or Middle East. The later euphemisms are Euro-centric terms attributed to the region in the midst of various 19th century Western encroachments.

Mesopotamia housed the major prehistoric cultures such as Ubaid and Jemdet Nasr, as well as the Sumerian city states, and the Akkadian, Babylonian, Assyrian, and Armenian Empires. Some of the important historical Mesopotamian leaders were Ur-Nammu (king of Ur), Sargon (established the Akkadian Empire), Hammurabi (established the Babylonian Empire), Tiglath-Pileser I (established the Assyrian Empire), and Tigranes the Great (established the Armenian Empire).

"Ancient Mesopotamia" is taken to include the period from the late 4th millennium BCE until the rise of the Achaemenids in the 6th century BCE. This long period may be divided in

Uruk period (largely prehistorical, following the Ubaid period), ca. 41st to 32nd c. BCE
Sumerian city states ca. 31st to 24th c.
Akkadian Empire 24th to 23rd c.
Gutean period 22nd c.
Third dynasty of Ur ("Sumerian Renaissance") 22nd to 20th c.
Early Assyrian kingdom 20th to 18th c.
First Babylonian Dynasty 18th to 17th c.
Kassite dynasty, Middle Assyrian period 16th to 12th c.
Dark Age 12th to 10th c.
Neo-Assyrian Empire 10th to 7th c.
Neo-Babylonian Empire 7th to 6th c.

More recent history

A Mesopotamian pendant
The region then came under the rule of the Persian Achaemenid Empire, apparently as two satrapies, Babylonia in the south and Athura (from Assyria) in the north. During this time, 500-330 BC, Persia, an Indo-European language-speaking nation, became the pre-eminent power of the world.
After the conquest of all Persia by the Hellenizing Macedonian king Alexander the Great, the satrapies were part of the major diadochy, the Seleucid Empire, until just before its elimination by Greater Armenia in 42 BC.
Most of Mesopotamia then became part of the Parthian Empire of Persia, which lasted until 224 AD. Ctesiphon was made the capital of the Parthian Empire. However, part in the northwest became Roman. Under the Tetrarchy this part was divided into two provinces: Osrhoene (around Edessa, roughly the modern-day border between Turkey and Syria) and Mesopotamia (a bit more northeast).
During the time of the Persian Empire of Sassanids, the much larger share of Mesopotamia was called Del-e Iranshahr meaning "Iran's Heart" and the metropol Ctesiphon (facing ancient Seleukia across the Tigris), the capital of Persia, was situated in Mesopotamia.
In the early 7th century AD, the caliphs of the Arab Empire came to power in Damascus and annexed all of the Sassanid Empire. Consequently Mesopotamia was reunited under the Arabs, but governed as two provinces: northern, with Mosul (also known as Nineveh) as its capital, and southern, with Baghdad as its capital. Later Baghdad also became the caliphal capital. Baghdad was the seat of the Arab Empire until 1258.
From 1508-1534 AD, the Persian Safavids took control of Mesopotamia.
In 1535 AD, Ottoman Turks took over Baghdad. During the reign of the Ottoman Empire, Mesopotamia was ruled as three separate vilayats, or territories: Mosul, Baghdad, and Basra, which included the territory that is now present-day Kuwait.
At the end of World War I Mesopotamia was briefly occupied by the British, who set up the government of what is now present day Syria and Iraq under one Hashemite ruler.
In 1920 the nation-state of Iraq was created by the British, with its present-day borders and including the territory that is now known as Kuwait. Kuwait,a British protectorate, which had originally been a part of the Basra province under Ottoman rule, was granted independence from Britain in 1961.