what is the past and present history of government of turkey?

Answer 1

Potted history of Turkey? One of the earliest cities known to exist is Catal Huyuk, about 7000 years old, within what is now Turkey. Ancient kingdoms in that land include Lydia (in the W) and Galatia, the Celtic kingdom in the last 1st millennium BC through to >200 AD around what is now Ankara. NE Turkey was for many centuries part of Armenia. Most of the rest was part of the Roman Empire in the early centuries AD which became the Byzantine Empire from the end of western Rome in 474. In those days the people were Greek-speaking. In the 11th century the territory was invaded by Turks, an Islamic people from central Asia (a region still inhabited by Turkic peoples such as the Turkmen, Uzbeks and Uighurs). The east of Anatolia was conquered first, then the high plateau, and finally, in 1453, Constantinople on the European shore of the Bosphorus. This kingdom set its HQ in that city, renamed it Istanbul, and continued to expand, taking in most of SE Europe and the Ukraine. After its conquest of Crete in the 1660s, though, it tended to lose territory to surrounding powers from time to time, particularly Russia, and in the 19th century only support from the British Empire kept it going at all as a force in the world. Ottoman Turkey fought the first world war on the German side, and after its defeat the victorious powers planned to carve it up among themselves. However, the Turks under a leader who took the title Kemel Ataturk resisted by force, repulsed a Greek invasion in 1921-3, and persuaded the Brits, French etc to let them form the present-day Republic of Turkey, a secular Westernised nation-state. (The colonial powers did carve up most of Turkey's non-Turkish-speaking African and Asian territories among themselves; they let the European territories became independent nation-states such as Bulgaria.) The Turks threw out their Greek-speaking citizens that had lived on the (S, W, and N) Anatolian coasts for millennia, and the Greeks reciprocally threw Muslim Greeks out of Crete and other parts of Greece into Turkey. Turkey has remained a sort-of-democracy for the last 80 years, I say "sort-of" because the military has always been politically interventionist, sometimes overthrown the elected fgvernment, and sees itself as the guardian of Ataturk's "secularist" legacy in the face of "Islamist" tendencies among the people. The territory of Turkey includes lands in the NE that used to be owned by Armenians but whose Armenian people were slaughtered or fled into Soviet Armenia during the post-WW1 turmoil, and Kurdish lands in the SE (from Diyarbakir eastwards). The rules of "democracy" are fixed in ways apparently intended to deny the Kurds full and fair representation in the Turkish parliament. People say that to visitors from Europe, Turkey feels very Asian, whereas to visitors from Asia it feels very European. Also, the country seems much more primitive and more Islamist in the E and more secularist in actual spirit and attitudes in the W, especially in Istanbul, other industrial cities like Izmir, and along the tourist-influenced S coast from Alanya westwards.

Answer 2

The history of Turkey is vast, but for the time being Turkey is at large a muslim states and her history is based on warriers in the previous time & specially her former name was Ottoman Turkeys & controlled many areas in the Middle East aswellas in Africa to help in the name of muslims. Today the situation is changed that Turkey is going to develop in economic ,social&political spheres&allied with European countries.

Answer 3

because of the fact Ottoman Empire develop into abig and powerfull united states.and there is often faith conflict.So some complicated religiost communities don t desire to have faith in that a Muslim united states could be so powerfull and have a good gadget of government learn the course kind of Ottoman Empire,why they fought (please examine the two a miles off places and a Turkish author)for land .Than have your individual concept. there's a great propaganda in us of a ,fRAnce,because of the fact there are various prosperous people who could desire in charge Turkey.in the event that they might get a land from those factors ,BE CAREFULL those factors are on the brink of Iraq so it truly is a proper place for emperialist powers.

Answer 4

http://sun.menloschool.org/~sportman/westernstudies/first/1718/2000/gblock/ottoman/presenteconomy.html