How many Americans die of chronic anorexia or bulimia each year?

Question

And how can we prevent it?

Answer 1

just the skinny ones.

we can prevent it by dating bigger girls and making that the desired body shape.

Answer 2

No. Anorexia and Bulimia are diseases that humans get and are deadly. However, it is not intended to get sick, this is why, a lot of the people who suffers from it do not know they have it. Its basically depression manifested with food. Did the person choose to be depressed? the answer is NO! When could it be considered suicide? when girls and boys think its fashionable and bring themselves down. this people is called pro ana or pro mia. NOTE: not all pros are suicidal, some have another sickness. Your question was very clear. a person suffering from anorexia doesnt want to b anorexic in other words do not try to kill themselves. hope that helps.

Answer 3

Knowledge the makeup of any cultural condition and to be able to fold and adjust the specific situation on your own conclusion use is a thing that you dream on the you can be in total control of any situation using Black Ops Hypnosis you will discover here https://tr.im/Ha45c .
With this particular plan you will knowledge pleasure, peace and serenity. According for some established instances, with help from a clinical hypnotherapist, it is straightforward to produce this emotion in an individual anytime and the very best plan to find out that is Black Ops Hypnosis.
 

Answer 4

Cary the motivational photo with you

Answer 5

Adhere to a more trim protein/green veggie diet plan

Answer 6

To shed excess weight you will need to ingest or maybe shed 3, 500 energy for every lb .

Answer 7

Stick to an even more trim protein/green vegetable eating habits

Answer 8

Virtually all ones cabohydrate supply need to come from leafy green veggies

Answer 9

Long Term Outlook . There are few major health problems for bulimic people who maintain normal weight and do not go on to become anorexic. In general, the outlook is better for bulimia than for anorexia. It should be noted, however, that in one study of bulimic patients undergoing therapy, after six years the mortality rate was 1%. Another study found that 20% of women with bulimia were still battling the disorder after ten years.


Medical Problems. Teeth erosion, cavities, and gum problems are common in bulimia. Bulimic episodes can also result in water retention and swelling and abdominal bloating. Occasionally, the binge-purge process results in loss of fluid and low potassium levels, which can cause extreme weakness and near paralysis; this is reversed when potassium is given. Dangerously low levels of potassium can result in lethal heart rhythms. Acute stomach distress and even rupture of the esophagus, or food pipe have been associated with cases of forced vomiting. In rare cases, the walls of the rectum can become so weakened by purging that they protrude through the anus; this is a serious condition that requires surgery.


Self-Destructive Behavior. Women with bulimia are prone to depression and are also at risk for dangerous impulsive behaviors, such as sexual promiscuity and kleptomania, which have been reported in half of those with bulimia. Alcohol and drug abuse is more common in women with bulimia than it is in the general population or in people with anorexia. In one study of bulimic non-anorexic women, 33% abused alcohol and 28% abused drugs, with 18% overdosing repeatedly. Cocaine and amphetamines were the drugs most often abused. In the same study, other types of self-destructive behavior were common, including self-cutting and stealing. It has been reported that many teenage girls smoke in the belief that it helps prevent weight gain.


Over-the-Counter Medications. Women with bulimia frequently abuse over-the-counter medications such as laxatives, appetite suppressants, diuretics, and drugs that induce vomiting--usually ipecac. None of these drugs is without risk. For example, ipecac poisonings have been reported, and some people become dependent on laxatives for normal bowel functioning. Diet pills, even herbal and over-the-counter medications, can be hazardous, particularly if they are abused.


Complications of Anorexia Nervosa.
Long Term Outlook. At this time no treatment program for anorexia nervosa is completely effective. In a recent study, although most women with anorexia nervosa recovered after treatment, many remained very thin and displayed traits characteristic of the disorder, including perfectionism and a drive for thinness, that could keep them at risk for recurrence of the eating disorder. Even in those who recover, one study indicated that recovery took between four and nearly seven years. Those at highest risk for poor outcome were people who had accompanying severe psychological disorders.


Risk of Death. Many studies of anorexic patients have reported death rates ranging from 4% to 20%. The risk for early death is twice as high in bulimic anorexics as it is in the anorexic-restrictor types. Patients who are at the lowest weights when they are first treated are in the greatest danger. Suicide has been estimated in some studies to comprise as many as half the deaths in anorexia; although, in one study, suicide rates were lower in women with anorexia (1.4%) than in those with depression (4.1%). The study, however, only looked at death records of all women, which listed accompanying anorexia but which might have missed many unrecorded cases of anorexia. Other risk factors for early death include being sick for more than six years, previous obesity, personality disorders, and dysfunctional marriages. Males with anorexia are at particular risk for life-threatening medical problems, probably because they are diagnosed later than are females.


Heart Disease. Heart disease is the most common medical cause of death in people with severe anorexia. The heart can develop dangerous rhythms, including slow rhythms known as bradycardia. Blood flow is reduced and blood pressure may drop. In addition, the heart muscles starve, losing size. Cholesterol levels tend to rise. Heart problems are a particular risk when anorexia is compounded by bulimia and the use of ipecac, the drug that causes vomiting.


Electrolyte Imbalances. Minerals such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate are normally dissolved in the body's fluid. Calcium and potassium are particularly critical for maintaining the electric currents that cause the heart to beat regularly. The dehydration and starvation of anorexia can reduce fluid levels and mineral content, a condition known as electrolyte imbalance, which can be very serious and even life-threatening unless fluids and minerals are replaced.


Reproductive and Hormonal Abnormalities. Anorexia causes low levels of reproductive hormones, changes in thyroid hormones, and increased levels of the stress hormones. Long-term irregular or absent menstruation (amenorrhea) is common, which eventually may cause sterility and bone loss. Low weight alone may not be sufficient to cause amenorrhea; extreme fasting and purging behaviors may play an even stronger role in hormonal disturbance. Children and adolescents with anorexia may also experience retarded growth due to reduced levels of growth hormone. Resumption of menstruation, indicating restored estrogen levels, and weight increase improves the outlook, but in severe anorexia, even after treatment, normal menstruation never returns in 25% of such patients. Women who become pregnant before regaining normal weight face a poor reproductive future, with low birth weights, frequent miscarriages, and a high rate of children with birth defects. Loss of bone minerals (osteopenia) and osteoporosis caused by low estrogen levels and increased steroid hormones result in bones becoming porous and subject to fracture. Up to two-thirds of children and adolescent girls with anorexia fail to develop strong bones during this critical growing period; one study reported that after eleven years, low bone density persisted in 85% of women who had been anorexic as adolescents but had regained normal weight and menstruation. Only restoring regular menstruation as soon as possible can protect against permanent bone loss; weight gain is not enough. The longer the eating disorder persists the more likely the bone loss will be permanent. Patients who are rehabilitated at a young age (15 years or younger) are more likely to achieve normal bone density.


Neurological Problems. People with severe anorexia may suffer nerve damage and experience seizures, disordered thinking, loss of feeling, or other nerve problems in the hands or feet. Brains scans indicate that parts of the brain undergo structural changes and abnormal activity during anorexic states; some of these changes return to normal after weight gain, but there is evidence that some damage may be permanent.


Blood Problems. Anemia is a common result of anorexia and starvation. A particularly serious blood problem is pernicious anemia, which can be caused by severely low levels of vitamin B12. If anorexia becomes extreme, the bone marrow dramatically reduces its production of blood cells, a life-threatening condition called pancytopenia.


Gastrointestinal Problems. Bloating and constipation are both very common problems in people with anorexia.


Complications in Diabetic Adolescents.
Eating disorders are very serious in young people with type 1 diabetes. Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is a danger in anyone with anorexia, but it is a particularly dangerous risk in those with diabetes. A recent study found that 85% of young women with diabetes and eating disorders had retinopathy--damage in the retina in the eye, which can lead to blindness. It also reported that eating disorders persisted in such young people, increasing the risk for other acute and chronic diabetic complications.
The first major difficulty in treating eating disorders is often the resistance of the anorexic patient, who believes that the emaciation is normal and even attractive, or the bulimic patient who feels that purging is the only way to prevent obesity. Even worse, the anorexic condition may be encouraged by friends who envy thinness or by dance or athletic coaches who encourage low body fat. (It might help some young women to tell them about a recent survey of college students, in which slightly over half of men preferred not to date a woman with an eating disorder.) The family itself may deny the problem and be obstructive or manipulative, adding to the difficulties of treatment. It is very important that the patient and any close friends and relatives be informed about the serious potential of these conditions and the importance of receiving immediate help.


Patients may drop out of programs if they have unrealistic expectations of being "cured" simply through the therapists' insights. Before a program begins, it should be made clear that the process is painful and requires hard work on the part of the patient and family. A number of therapeutic methods are likely to be tried until the patient succeeds in overcoming these difficult disorders. Relapse is common and should not be greeted with despair. In one study, after six years, only about 10% of bulimic patients failed to respond to treatments. Bulimia is best treated with a combination of antidepressants and cognitive therapy. Outcome in bulimia is generally more favorable than in anorexia; even after recovery, women with anorexia often retain an impaired sense of body shape. Long-term studies, however, are showing recovery even in most people treated for anorexia. One study showed that for those with early onset anorexia family therapy worked best and for those with late onset anorexia individual supportive therapy was most effective.


Initial Treatment.
Most moderately to severely ill anorexic patients are admitted to the hospital for initial treatment, particularly under the following circumstances: if weight loss continues even under outpatient treatment; if weight is 30% below the minimum needed to maintain health; if disturbed heart rhythms occur; if depression is severe or the patient is suicidal; if potassium loss is severe or blood pressure is extremely low. Experts advise 10 to 12 weeks for full nutritional recovery. Patients used to stay several months in the hospital, but now insurance companies in the U.S. rarely cover more than 15 days, which, unfortunately, is not usually sufficient for the patient to reach ideal body weight and certainly isn't long enough to make major changes to entrenched behavior. One study has reported that outpatient therapy and nutritional counseling was as effective as hospitalization over the long term, but others have documented the need for prolonged inpatient treatment. Patients with bulimia rarely need hospitalization unless the binge-purge cycle has led to anorexia, drugs are needed for withdrawal from purging, or major depression is present.


Weight Gain. In addition to immediate treatment of any serious medical problem, the goal of therapy for the anorexic person is to increase weight. The weight goal is strictly set by the physician or health professional, usually one to two pounds a week. This goal is absolute, no matter how convincingly the patient (or even family members) may argue for a lower-weight goal. Patients who are severely malnourished should begin with a calorie count as low as 1,500 calories a day, in order to reduce the chances for stomach pain and bloating, fluid retention, and heart failure. Anorexic patients often have a higher metabolism than normal individuals, and more calories were required to put on weight. Eventually, the patient is given foods containing as many as 3,500 calories or more a day. Dietary supplements are not usually recommended, because the patient should resume normal eating patterns as soon as possible. Although eating is the problem, discussions of the disorder are never held during meals, which are times for relaxed social interaction. Tube or intravenous feeding is rarely needed or recommended unless the patient's condition is life-threatening. Such invasive feeding measures should never be used as a form of punishment during behavioral therapy. Research indicates that in some cases severe dieting may cause the metabolism to adapt to malnutrition and resist the effects of overfeeding, so that some patients have difficulty gaining weight even when being fed adequately.


Exercise. For those with anorexia, excessive exercise is often a component of the original disorder. During the recovery program, very controlled exercise regimens may be used as both a reward for developing good eating habits and as a way to reduce the stomach and intestinal distress that accompanies recovery. Exercise should not be performed if severe medical problems still exist and if the patient has not gained significant weight.


The Team Approach.
A multidisciplinary team approach with consistent support and counseling is essential for long-term recovery from all severe eating disorders. Depending on the severity and type of disorder, team members may include physicians specializing in relevant medical complications, dietitians, behavioral-cognitive therapists, psychotherapists, or nurses. All should be skilled in treating eating disorders. Studies have found that people treated by such specialists have a lower mortality rate than those treated only as psychiatric patients. One study reported significant success when anorexic patients with an average age of 22 were treated in a pediatric unit using a team approach. After almost two years, although half the patients developed binge-eating patterns, their average weight was 96% of ideal, resumption of menstruation occurred in 80% of patients, and no patient who wished to become pregnant had failed to conceive.


Nutritional Therapy. Dietitians should offer strategies for planning meals and educate the patients and parents on the objective goals of nutritional care (e.g., the specific weight goals) and the serious health effects of the binge-purge cycle and severe dieting. The dietitian should also be in close communication with the other professionals on the team to integrate the results of behavioral and interpersonal work with the process of developing good nutritional habits.


Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Cognitive-behavioral therapy works on the principle that a pattern of false thinking and belief about one's body can be recognized objectively and altered, thereby changing the response and eliminating the unhealthy reaction to food. It is the first line of therapy for most patients with eating disorders and is particularly effective for bulimia, especially when combined with antidepressants. (Severe depression, in fact, reduces the chances for success using this method.) The process takes four to six months during which the patient builds up to three meals a day, including foods that the patient has previously avoided. During this period, the patient monitors the daily dietary intake and any binges or purging. First, the patient must learn how to recognize any habitual unhealthy reactions and negative thoughts toward eating while they are occurring. Any lapses should be observed objectively and without self-criticism and judgment . By reporting and discussing these responses with a cognitive therapist, eventually the patient is able to discover the false attitudes about body image and the unattainable perfectionism that underlie the opposition to food and health. At this point, the patient can challenge these entrenched and automatic ideas and responses and begin replacing them with a set of realistic beliefs along with actions based on reasonable self-expectations. People who recover from anorexia still retain a strong need for order and precision; these traits, which were risk factors for the disorder to begin with, are also strong qualities that can be used to rebuild a very meaningful life.


Interpersonal Therapy. Interpersonal therapy deals with the depression or anxiety that might underlie the eating disorders along with social factors that influence eating behavior. This therapy does not deal with weight, food, or body image at all. The goals are to express feelings, to discover how to tolerate uncertainty and change, and to develop a strong sense of individuality and independence. Interpersonal therapy also addresses sexual issues and any traumatic or abusive event in the past that might be a cause of the eating disorder. An analysis of studies found that it usually doesn't work for people who binge and who have failed cognitive therapy.


Family Therapy. Because of the major role family attitudes play in eating disorders, it can be argued that one of the first steps in treating the anorexic patient is to also treat the family. The feelings of intense guilt and anxiety that caregivers experience are probably similar to those produced by living with a person who is suicidal. An over-involved parent may even support the patient's eating disorder [out of fear of her anger or grief] or because of the parent's own identification with the cultural values of thinness . In such cases, it is extremely important that the family fully understand the danger of this disorder and that they are collaborating in their child's illness--or even death--by encouraging this state. If the patient is hospitalized, experts recommend that family therapy start after the patient has gained weight but before discharge and should usually continue after the patient has left the hospital. Such therapy is particularly useful for younger patients for whom the family is still a strong influence.


Drug Therapy.
Drug Therapy for Bulimia Nervosa. Because of the high incidence of depression in patients with bulimia, antidepressant medication is often recommended. A one-year study determined, however, that when an antidepressant was used without accompanying cognitive-behavioral therapy, the success rate was only 18%. The most common antidepressants prescribed for bulimia are imipramine (Tofranil), desipramine (Norpramin), and drugs known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which include fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), paroxetine (Paxil), venlafaxine (Effexor), and fluvoxamine (Luvox). About 20% withdraw from treatment because of side effects. Prozac is effective at higher doses (60 mg) but has little impact on the binge-purge cycle at low doses (20 mg). Some trials are using naltrexone or naloxone, medications that are used against drug addiction, and one indicated that it reduced bingeing. Researchers hope that such drugs will reduce natural opioids that may be released during binges.


Drug Therapy for Anorexia . No drug therapy has been proven to be very effective in treating anorexia or the depression that usually accompanies and perpetuates the disorder. The effects of starvation intensify side effects and reduce the effectiveness of antidepressant drugs. In addition, most antidepressants suppress appetite and contribute to weight loss. SSRI antidepressants [ see above ] are now recommended as the first line of treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder and may help some people with anorexia who also have OCD. In one study, however, Prozac, the most commonly prescribed SSRI, offered no long-term benefits compared to intensive and sustained team efforts. Some physicians recommend cyproheptadine (Periactin), an antihistamine, that may stimulate appetite. There is no evidence to date, however, that any drug treatment has particular benefit for anorexia nervosa, and, in most cases, depression and thought disorders improve with weight gain.


Restoring Hormonal Function and Bone Density . Normalizing reproductive hormone balances is more important than weight gain in restoring menstrual function. The use of estrogen therapy to reverse osteoporosis, however, has been discouraging. One study reported that an estrogen-progesterone combination increased bone density in women with exercise-induced menstrual disorders after two years, while another found no positive effect from estrogen therapy on bone growth in women with severe bone loss from abnormal menstruation (this group included both those who exercised and those who did not).


Other Approaches.
A study on women with bulimia showed that they had a high susceptibility to hypnosis, suggesting that it might be beneficial as part of their treatment. People with anorexia, on the other hand, seem to be very resistant to the state of vulnerability required in this process. Some researchers have noted an association between bulimia and seasonal affective disorder (depression that intensifies in the darker winter months); this suggests that therapy using intense directed light may be useful. A one-week experiment using light improved depression in bulimic subjects, although there was no change in binge-purging behavior. A technique called guided imagery reduced frequency of binges and vomiting by almost 75% in one study; this method uses audio tapes to evoke images that will reduce stress and help achieve specific goals. Although women with eating disorders are ordinarily disqualified from plastic surgery, one study reported that in women whose bulimia was triggered by over-sized breasts, reduction surgery was effective in resolving the eating disorder.