Chemistry - Periodic Table?

Question

How much can u tell about each element just from using the periodic table? and how?
Like how the groups tell u how many electrons there are. and the numbers on the left hand side have something to do with the period number or number of shells.

And if u know any helpful sites.
Thanks

Actually this is exactly what i should eb able to find out:

period number
family
state
atomic number
mass number
proton #
electron number
neutron number
number of shells
number of electrons in outer shell.

Answer 1

Not all representations of the periodic table are the same, but generally:

period number = the row they are in (e.g. H = period 1, Cl = period 2)
family = the column they are in (e.g. H= 1, Cl = 7A
state = (at room temperature) some periodic tables will have different colours of the symbols for different states, e.g. Br, Mg = liquids)
atomic number = (also called A) top number next to the symbol (e.g. H = 1, Cl = 7)
mass number = (also called Z) bottom number next to the symbol (e.g. H = 1.0079, Cl = 35.453)
proton # = the same as the atomic number (A) (e.g. H= 1, Cl = 17)
electron number = in a neutral atom, same as the number of protons in the atom (e.g. H= 1, Cl = 17)
neutron number = the whole number of mass number (Z) subtracted by the atomic number (A) : Z - A = protons in the atom (E.g. H = 0, Cl = 18)
number of shells = same as the period number (e.g. H = 1, Cl = 2)
number of electrons in outer shell.= same as the family number (e.g. H = 1, Cl = 7) OR number of places away from the left side of the period. (Be = 2, B = 3, C = 4, N = 5, O = 6, F = 7, Ne = 8)

Answer 2

http://chemicalelements.com/