principles of ion analyzer?

Answer 1

you mean this?

Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. It is most generally used to find the composition of a physical sample by generating a mass spectrum representing the masses of sample components. The technique has several applications, including:

identifying unknown compounds by the mass of the compound molecules or their fragments
determining the isotopic composition of elements in a compound
determining the structure of a compound by observing its fragmentation
quantifying the amount of a compound in a sample using carefully designed methods (mass spectrometry is not inherently quantitative)
studying the fundamentals of gas phase ion chemistry (the chemistry of ions and neutrals in vacuum)
determining other physical, chemical or even biological properties of compounds with a variety of other approaches
A mass spectrometer is a device that measures the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. This is achieved by ionizing the sample and separating ions of differing masses and recording their relative abundance by measuring intensities of ion flux. A typical mass spectrometer comprises three parts: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector system.

or something like this?

The quadrupole mass analyzer is one type of mass analyzer used in mass spectrometry. In a quadrupole mass spectrometer the quadrupole mass analyzer is the component of the instrument responsible for filtering sample ions, based on their mass-to-charge ratio. A quadrupole mass analyzer is essentially a mass filter that is capable of transmitting only the ion of choice. A mass spectrum is obtained by scanning through the mass range of interest over time.

Answer 2

It measure the Mass by charge ratio.