who was the first man who said that the earth moves around the sun?

Answer 1

Ancient Greek Scientists but I'm not sure who.

Answer 2

Of all the long, drawn out and incorrect answers it was pleasant to read "Apache Rose Peacock's" correct one word answer. Even though he mis-spelled his name.
Copernicus, Nicolaus"
.Definition: Copernicus, Nicolaus: Polish astronomer who advanced the theory that the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun (the "heliocentric" theory). This was highly controversial at the time, since the prevailing Ptolemaic model held that the Earth was the center of the universe, and all objects, including the sun, circle it. The Ptolemaic model had been widely accepted in Europe for 1000 years when Copernicus proposed his model. (It should be noted, however, that the heliocentric idea was first put forth by Aristarcus of Samos in the 3rd century B.C., a fact known to Copernicus but long ignored by others prior to him.).
Vaya con DIOS

Answer 3

Yajnavalkya of India in the 9th or 8th century BC.

Aristarchus was the first in Western culture to propose that the Sun is the center of the Solar System around 270 BC.

Neither gained any popularity.

Aryabhata of India is probably the first heliocentrist to have any significant impact on astronomy around the 6th century. His writings were available to both Arabs and Europeans and may have had as much impact as Aristarchus in Copernicus deciding the Sun was in the center of the Solar System.

Answer 4

Nicolaus Copernicus was an astronomer who provided the first modern formulation of a heliocentric (sun-centered) theory of the solar system in his epochal book, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres).

Answer 5

Actually long before Copernicus and the others (like 600 BC) the Hebrew scriptures revealed that the earth was a sphere, not flat. It was already understood at that point that the heavenly bodies were all spheres.

Answer 6

Apache Rose Peacock is right!

Copernicus.

"Nicolaus Copernicus (February 19, 1473 – May 24, 1543) was an astronomer who provided the first modern formulation of a heliocentric (sun-centered) theory of the solar system in his epochal book, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres)."

Answer 7

It wasn't Copernicus.Some ancient Greeks suspected that the Earth orbited the Sun.

Answer 8

It should be noted that the popular belief that in the West, before Copernicus, the doctrine of heliocentrism was unheard of, or incomprehensible, is simply false.

Not only were Arabic texts increasingly translated into Latin after the 11th century (as a result of the increasing contact with the Arabic/Muslim world brought about by the crusades), but explorers and traders were increasingly venturing out beyond Europe (facilitated by the Pax Mongolica) and introducing the West to the Indian heliocentric traditions.

And of course scholars were well aware of the arguments of Aristarchus and Philolaus, as well as the numerous other classical thinkers who had proposed (or were alleged to have proposed) heliocentric or quasi-heliocentric views, such as Hicetas and Heraclides Ponticus (Copernicus certainly was).

Moreover, a few European thinkers also discussed heliocentrism in the so called 'Middle Ages': for example Nicolas Oresme and Nicholas of Cusa.

ANCIENT INDIA

The earliest traces of the counter-intuitive idea that it is the Earth that is actually moving and the Sun that is at the centre of the solar system (hence the concept of heliocentrism) is found in several Vedic Sanskrit texts written in ancient India.

Yajnavalkya (c. 9th–8th century BC) recognized that the Earth is spherical and believed that the Sun was "the centre of the spheres" as described in the Vedas at the time. In his astronomical text Shatapatha Brahmana (8.7.3.10) he states: "The sun strings these worlds - the earth, the planets, the atmosphere - to himself on a thread."

He recognized that the Sun was much larger than the Earth, which would have influenced this early heliocentric concept. He also accurately measured the relative distances of the Sun and the Moon from the Earth as 108 times the diameters of these heavenly bodies, close to the modern measurements of 107.6 for the Sun and 110.6 for the Moon. He also described a calendar in the Shatapatha Brahmana.

The Vedic Sanskrit text Aitareya Brahmana (c. 9th–8th century BC) also states: "The Sun never sets nor rises thats right . When people think the sun is setting, it is not so; they are mistaken." This indicates that the Sun is stationary (hence the Earth is moving around it), which is elaborated in a later commentary

Vishnu Purana (c. 1st century), which states: "The sun is stationed for all time, in the middle of the day. [...] Of the sun, which is always in one and the same place, there is neither setting nor rising."

ANCIENT GREECE

Heraclides of Pontus (IV century BC) explained the apparent daily motion of the celestial sphere through the rotation of the Earth, and probably realized also that Mercury and Venus rotate around the Sun.

The first to propose the heliocentric system however, was Aristarchus of Samos (c. 270 BC). Unfortunately his writings on the heliocentric system are lost, but we have other authors who give us crucial information about his system (the most important among them is Archimedes, who lived in the third century BC and therefore had direct knowledge of Aristarchus's works).

By the time Aristarchus was writing, the size of the Earth had been calculated accurately by Eratosthenes. Aristarchus also calculated the size of the earth, and measured the size and distance of the Moon and Sun, in a treatise which fortunately survived.

His geometrical method is exact, but it requires the difficult measurement of the angle between the Sun and the Moon when the latter is at the first or last quarter, which is slightly less than 90 degrees. Aristarchus overestimated the angle and consequently underestimated the distance and size of the Sun (although his figures for the Moon are fairly good).

What is important, however, is Aristarchus's scientific approach, and his result that the Sun is much larger than the Earth. Perhaps, as many people have suggested, paying attention to these numbers led Aristarchus to think that it made more sense for the Earth to be moving than for the huge Sun to be moving around it.

Aristarchus's original work on heliocentrism has not survived and is known only from others' accounts; hence the uncertainty as to his arguments on its behalf.

Aristarchus' heliocentric model was considered by Archimedes in The Sand Reckoner. The purpose of this work was to prove that extremely large numbers, even the number of grains of sand that it would take to fill the universe, could be expressed mathematically and did not have to be treated vaguely as "infinite".

Another hellenistic astronomer, Seleucus of Seleucia, adopted the heliocentric system of Aristarchus, and according to Plutarch proved it.

MEDIAEVAL INDIA

The Indian astronomer-mathematician Aryabhata (476–550), in his magnum opus Aryabhatiya, propounded a heliocentric model in which the Earth was taken to be spinning on its axis and the periods of the planets were given with respect to a stationary Sun.

He was also the first to discover that the light from the Moon and the planets was reflected from the Sun, and that the planets follow an elliptical orbit around the Sun, and thus propounded an eccentric elliptical model of the planets, on which he accurately calculated many astronomical constants, such as the times of the solar and lunar eclipses, and the instantaneous motion of the Moon (expressed as a differential equation).

Bhaskara (1114–1185) expanded on Aryabhata's heliocentric model in his astronomical treatise Siddhanta-Shiromani, where he mentioned the law of gravity, discovered that the planets don't orbit the Sun at a uniform velocity, and accurately calculated many astronomical constants based on this model, such as the solar and lunar eclipses, and the velocities and instantaneous motions of the planets.

Arabic translations of Aryabhata's Aryabhatiya were available from the 8th century, while Latin translations were available from the 13th century, before Copernicus had written De revolutionibus orbium coelestium, so it's quite likely that Aryabhata's work had an influence on Copernicus' ideas.

THE ISLAMIC WORLD

Nasir al-Din Tusi, 13th century AD, developed the most advanced planetary system of his time.The Qur'an (Surah 36. Yaseen) states:

"38. The sun runs to its fixed resting-place; that is the decree of the Almighty, the Knower.

39. And the moon, We have determined it in phases till it returns like an old palm-branch.

40. The sun shall not outstrip the moon, nor shall the night outstrip the day. Each is floating in an orbit."

The Persian Muslim scientist Nasir al-Din Tusi (1201–1274) resolved significant problems in the Ptolemaic system by developing the Tusi-couple as an alternative to the physically problematic equant introduced by Ptolemy.

Muslim scientist Mu'ayyad al-Din al-'Urdi (c. 1250) developed the Urdi lemma. Arab Muslim astronomer ibn al-Shatir (1304–1375), in his treatise Kitab Nihayat as-Sul fi Tashih al-Usul (A Final Inquiry Concerning the Rectification of Planetary Theory), eliminated the need for an equant by introducing an extra epicycle, departing from the Ptolemaic system in a way very similar to what Copernicus later also did.

Ibn al-Shatir proposed a system that was only approximately geocentric, rather than exactly so, having demonstrated trigonometrically that the Earth was not the exact center of the universe. His rectification was later used in the Copernican model, along with the Tusi-couple and Urdi lemma.

So plainly there scientists centuries before Copernicus thinking on similar lines, on whose work he drew. He was not the first and his ideas were not original, To suggest otherwise reveals a marked Eurocentric bias in the account being given,

Answer 9

Coppernicus

Answer 10

Galileo, but soon after he made this, he was forced to reject his ideas by the church, beause it contradicts the bible, which says that the earth has 4 corners and such.

Answer 11

Apache rose peacock and zen are right ! It's nicholaus corpennicus who said that .