Obesity study finds children exercising less PRINT FRIENDLY EMAIL STORY
AM - Tuesday, 12 September , 2006 08:28:00
Reporter: Annie Guest
TONY EASTLEY: A lot has been written and said about the growing waistlines of Australian children and the large portions of fatty food they eat. But there's another theory on why children are getting fatter and it doesn't involve food.
Many are in fact eating less, but they're not exercising as much as they should because their parents aren't around to spend time with them.
The University of South Australia's Associate Professor Tim Olds spoke to Annie Guest.
TIM OLDS: We tried to get every study that had reported on the energy intake, the food intake of children in developed countries, and we managed to find, as you mentioned, about 1,700 studies going back to 1856.
ANNIE GUEST: And what were your findings?
TIM OLDS: Well, much to our surprise, we find there is a clear downward trend, that if we were to trust the reports of energy intake, then kids are eating less now, than they used to. And the rate of decline is about three per cent per decade.
That means that your kids are eating about 10 per cent less than you were eating when you were their age.
ANNIE GUEST: You critics say that comparative studies done between 1985 and 1995 show that children's energy intake increased by 15 per cent. What do you say to that?
TIM OLDS: Yeah, this is a common study referred to in Australia, but I think if people read that report carefully, they'll find that the authors explicitly state that the results from '85 and '95 for children are not comparable.
It's not unusual, by the way, to find in certain age groups in certain countries across these 50 years, that there are reported increases in energy intake. But when you look at all 1,700 reports together, the pattern of decline is quite clear.
ANNIE GUEST: Alright, well, if children are eating less food, why are they getting fatter?
TIM OLDS: What must have happened is a decline in energy expenditure, that is in physical activities, so kids are being less active, they're probably are spending more time sitting down, watching television, playing video games. So there has to have been quite a rapid fall in energy expenditure.
ANNIE GUEST: What are some of your theories behind children exercising less?
TIM OLDS: Well, I think I agree with everyone that it's quite dramatic changes in both social and built environments.
The fact that the urban design doesn't make it easy for kids to exercise; the existence of busy arterial roads; stranger danger; the fact parents are afraid to let their children out; changes in both parents working, single parent families - all of these things create and environment in which it is very, very difficult for kids to exercise.
TONY EASTLEY: The University of South Australia's Associate Professor Tim Olds speaking there with AM's Annie Guest.
Report: Battle on obesity in children falling short
By Bob Dart
Palm Beach Post-Cox News Service
Thursday, September 14, 2006
WASHINGTON — Despite widespread attention to the problem, the number of obese children in the U.S. is still growing, the Institute of Medicine reported Wednesday.
The obesity rate for children and adolescents increased from 16 percent to 17.1 percent during the past two years, and at the current rate would rise to 20 percent by 2010, according to the 520-page report.
"The remarkable and unexpected rise in obesity among our children is one of the 21st century's most critical public health challenges," said Jeffrey Koplan, vice president for academic health affairs at Emory University and chairman of the Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity, which produced the report.
"Currently one-third of American children and youth are either obese or at risk of becoming obese," Koplan said at a news conference. "That number is projected to grow if our response is not effective in halting the epidemic."
The increase is coming despite efforts by government, industry, communities, schools and families to encourage children to exercise more and choose healthful foods over sweet snacks, said the authors of the report, "Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity: How Do We Measure Up?"
The report said these diverse efforts need to be evaluated and the successful ones quickly implemented throughout society.
It also criticized the federal government for cutting off funds for the VERB program, which produced ads depicting exercise as fashionable for pre-teens.
"The termination of an adequately funded, well-designed and effective program to increase physical activity and combat childhood obesity calls into question the commitment to obesity prevention within government," the report said.
It warned that it may take years to change current trends using anti-obesity programs that range from building new playgrounds to banning soft-drink machines from campuses.
It said that broad cultural change is needed involving everyone from video game manufacturers to school bus route planners to tired moms and dads who cook dinner after a day of work.
"No single sector of society should bear responsibility for the problem," Koplan said. "And no single sector acting alone can effectively halt and reverse it."
Within state government, disparate agencies must come together, said Eduardo Sanchez, commissioner of the Texas Department of State Health Services. That includes housing, transportation, agriculture, education, nutrition and even law enforcement.
If nearby playgrounds are unsafe, for instance, children can't get the after-school exercise they need. If there are no sidewalks or if muggers lurk in alleyways, children can't walk home from school.
The campaign to get the private sector fighting childhood obesity must go beyond food manufacturers to the entertainment industry, the report said.
Video games can be designed to push young players into physical activity, said Toni Yancey, co-director of the Center to Eliminate Health Disparities at the UCLA School of Public Health.
"Breaking down those silos — blockades — is step one," said Marshall Kreuter, a public health professor at the Georgia State University College of Health and Human Sciences in Atlanta. "We have to bring all of these elements together."
One element is the home, the report emphasized. It said parents should ensure that food and beverages served to children are healthful and in reasonable portions.
Parents also should make physical activity a family priority and "limit leisure time in front of the TV or computer," said Koplan, a former director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Alison Kretser, director of nutrition and health policy for the Food Products Association, attended the session and commended the report for identifying all the "different players who have responsibility" in the fight against childhood obesity.
Food manufacturers want to collaborate, she said, and have begun creating child portions and reducing sugar in many products.
2006-09-18 05:16:23
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