Is there a website that shows the geographic distribution of geology jobs or at least gives statistic?

Answer 1

The Bureau of Labor Statistics has this:
http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes192042.htm

You will find it a bit lacking, but it does show the top states where geoscientists are located. The exceptions I see in their data are that they have excluded hydrogeologists as a separate category. I also suspect that self-employed geologists are not listed. I know from spending time in Denver that there are geologists everywhere there. Since most of them are self-employed consultants who refused to leave Denver when the oil industry left in the 1980's and 90's they may not be counted in these statistics. I would guess that both Colorado and California have at least as many geology jobs as Wyoming shows, if not many more.

Texas, of course, is the whale in the pond. I suspect on an international basis you would find that Rijswijk, in The Netherlands (Shell headquarters), and Aberdeen in Scotland might be very high concentrations. In southeast Asia and Australia the concentration is around Sydney and Malaysia. In Canada most of the jobs are in Calgary, Alberta.

There are some less directly related demographics on the GSA webpage, and it is interesting that the highest membership is in the Cordillerian section, suggesting there are many more geologists west of the Rockies than BLS reports. Since GSA reports the largest member employment group is in universities it seems likely that group is not counted as 'geoscientists' but fall under some academic title on BLS statistics.
http://www.geosociety.org/aboutus/demographics.htm

AAPG also shows some demographics here that cover more international areas (but keep in mind that AAPG is only beginning to be active internationally):
http://www.aapg.org/business/survey/01_demographics.cfm

Answer 2

I know where they are hiring in the Arctic.
na. j/k. I don't have a CLUE!

Answer 3

www.usgs.gov/ohr