how is the nucleus of a atom split to make a atom bomb?

Answer 1

A neutron splits the nucleus (this is fission) by impact which releases energy and more neutrons, which go on to do the same again if there is enough fissile material (more than the critical mass). A chain reation then occurs. This is only for a fission bomb however, such as was dropped on Japan in 1945. A hydrogen bomb (which works by fusion) doesn't have atoms splitting, apart from in the initial charge which I believe is a fission bomb which provides enough energy to start to fusion bomb chain reaction. This sort of bomb is much more powerful than the original nuclear weapon.

Answer 2

It's not quite like most of the answerers have said. When you fire a lot of neutrons towards the stable uranium atoms, some can be absorbed to make the next higher unstable isotope. "Unstable" means it will spontaneously decay, but it takes its own time about it, so it's not like splitting a pyramid of pool balls. However, it doesn't take it much time. And when it decides to decay, it emits a handful of neutrons as well as its other decay products. So these extra emitted neutrons can go off and do the same as the previously absorbed neutrons did.

If there isn't much uranium around, the reaction just ticks over quite gently. If there's more of it, it speeds up, and can generate a lot of heat, like in an atomic power station. But if there's a so-called "critical mass" within a certain small volume, then blooie! it cascades into an atomic explosion. So the bomb has to contain a critical mass, but to prevent it exploding too soon, the total mass is kept in smaller pieces some distance apart. Setting it off is the most complicated thing. If you just push the pieces towards each other, the reaction starts, but it generates enough heat and pressure to push the pieces apart again, and it stops. How to keep them together long enough is the secret of the atomic bomb.

Answer 3

OK, putting morality aside for now...
Basically the question has been pretty well answered by others but i will just add one point to the basics: In order to get a bang rather then a fissile you need to master a very simply problem...
When the reaction of Neutron+fissionable nucleus -> fission fragments + 2 or 3 neutrons = critical mass is going on you must insure that the chain reaction (the Turning of you fissile elements into energy) utilises all its possible matter... now, as the particles are zinging around a large number of them zing right out of your reaction... this is bad! We call this Neutron leakage and in order to limit this we tend to fashion our fissile material into a sphere... the best shape to limit this leakage. Now we add a reflective medium around our sphere of uranium ( with a smaller core of plutonium inside that...to get our H bomb explosion, lets use a biggy as an example).
The reflector fires the escaping particles back into our little soon to be super critical mass to increase the number of reactions - the generations of reactions that occur during the formation of our little thermo nuclear explosion- with these added neutrons we can increase the yield, that is the amount of matter transformed into energy, by maximising the rate of exponentially occurring fissions.... Pant Pant Pant, sorry its very wordy but there is no short way of saying it.

Now please don't try this at home children.

Answer 4

lets see this in detail: We take the element used in nuclear researched U-235 an isotope of uranium , Now when we hit U-253 by neutron it makes it unstable which causes the atom to split and release 3 neutrons in addenum to gamma radiation. This neutron will again hit the atom to producs a chain reaction if we dont have a measure to reduce the spped of neutron or something to absorb the neutrons

Answer 5

U-235 an isotope of uranium is use as the element of the bomb, an accelerated proton is made to hit the neutron and causing a chain reaction. Thus a huge amount of energy is liberated and which is the form of explosion.

Answer 6

you hit a radioactive nucleus (made from +ve protons and neutral neutrons) with a neutron.

This causes a huge relase of energy as it forces 3 more neutrons out of the nucleus.

these neutrons hit another nuclues forcing out 3 more neutrons and so on.

im not 100% sure this is how modern hydrogen bombs work but it is the general principle behind older bombs.

Answer 7

A nuclear weapon is a weapon of great damaging ability, deriving its power from nuclear reactions. sorts of weapons Fission bombs derive their ability from nuclear fission, the place heavy nuclei (uranium or plutonium) chop up into lighter aspects whilst bombarded by utilising neutrons (produce extra neutrons which bombard different nuclei, triggering a set reaction). those are traditionally noted as atom bombs or A-bombs, however this call isn't precise because of the shown fact that chemical reactions launch power from atomic bonds and fusion isn't any much less atomic than fission. inspite of this conceivable confusion, the term atom bomb has nonetheless been normally time-honored to refer specifically to nuclear weapons, and maximum normally to organic fission units. Fusion bombs are in keeping with nuclear fusion the place easy nuclei including hydrogen and helium integrate at the same time into heavier aspects and launch particularly a lot of power. weapons that have a fusion point are additionally noted as hydrogen bombs or H-bombs because of the fact of their conventional gasoline, or thermonuclear weapons because of the fact fusion reactions require particularly intense temperatures for a set reaction to happen. Nuclear weapons are frequently defined as the two fission or fusion units based on the dominant source of the weapon's power. the excellence between those 2 sorts of weapon is blurred by utilising the shown fact that they are mixed in only about all complicated modern weapons: a smaller fission bomb is first used to attain the needed circumstances of intense temperature and stress to allow fusion to happen. on the different hand, a fission gadget is extra helpful whilst a fusion center first boosts the weapon's power. because of the fact the distinguishing function of the two fission and fusion weapons is they launch power from ameliorations of the atomic nucleus, the desirable customary term for each variety of those explosive units is "nuclear weapon".

Answer 8

splitting of heavy nucleus into 2 lighter nuclie with liberation of large amount of heat energyis called nuclear fission reaction.during this reaction amount of energy liberated per nucleon is nearly equal to 1.
and since since this reaction is also uncontrollable chain reaction is best use as atom bombs.
Plutonium -239 was used in atom bomb dropped on Japan(Hiroshima) who is still suffering ,because of its uncontrolled chain.

Answer 9

bombardment of the atom makes it separate and unstable, in the case of atom bombs the unstable particles were put into a container with a TNT charge to agitate the unstable nuclear material causing extreme detonation

Answer 10

the splitting of a atom causes a chain reaction and all the atoms around start splitting,, hence massive distruction

Think i answered wrongly soz