-- MOVEMENT: People traveled to other regions, colonized them and formed their own culture and society.
Examples: The founding of the United States, the Eskimos that crossed the Bearing Straight, and the Mexican Migration defines a poor economy with few ways to get into the middle class in Mexico as well as the problems in the US. We still have a manpower intense agricultural industry despite all our advances.
-- REGION: Where your ancestors developed and evolved shapes how you look and who you are. A region is determined by its location, climate and who lives there it is a great shaper of the human environment.
Examples: Europeans became fair skinned and fair hared by living in a climate that has less direct sunshine then Africa. It was harder to survive in the north and it took more technology, this spur to technological growth made the white people a very powerful race. Life in Africa was easier so high technology wasn't needed therefore it didn't develop. Life is tough for the entire Black race, but their standard of living is better in the US. However, they face more abuse from the white race. At one point they were considered nothing more than animals. This happened because they were born in Africa and fell to the higher technology of the slavers. Most black people in American owe the slavers for bringing them here. They also owe them a pretty big pay back for all the problems that came out from this. The Civil Rights of the 1960s came to a boil when the black race stopped accepting second-class citizenship. If that hadn't happened then we wouldn't have political leaders like Ms. Rice and Collin Powel, who all owe their acceptance to the sacrifices of Martin Luther King. [That’s a huge chunk of recent American history]
The Mongols had a mighty army that could defeat any in Southeast and Northern Asia. They even gave Imperial Rome a run for their money. Before taking on Rome the Mongols planned to invade Japan, they had a huge fleet assembled and with all their resources they could have taken Japan over. However, Japan is a series of Islands. When the huge Mongol fleet tired to cross the China Sea they met a mighty storm and Japan was saved. The Japanese refer to this storm as "The Divine Wind," which in Japanese is Kamikaze. This story inspired the first modern suicide bombers the Kamikaze Pilots. Because Japan was an island they were saved from the Mongols and rose to be the strongest power in the Oriental theater until after WW2. [This covers a period of history from the Roman Empire to WW2 as well as a famous event in Japanese history]
One of the worst moves that Russia ever made was when they sold the Alaskan territories to The United States. It was called "Seward's Folly" or "Seward's Icebox". Due to its remote location no one knew how much gold and oil were to be found there. Which has helped to make the US one of the most powerful nations in the world. Siberia is a huge territory, but it is so inaccessible that the Russians haven't developed much of it and thought it was only useful for a prison. If Russia could access that terrorist it might make them rich. There is a very good chance that gold and oil can be found there, since it has been found in Alaska. If Siberia was just in a warmer region the Soviet Union may never have failed. The resources in our world are dwindling and getting more scarce every year. A future war might very well be fought over the control of scarce resources. Oil resources are the cause of most of our problems in the Middle East, and Japan only entered WW2 to get the resources that its economy needed. [American history in 1867 up to the possible Resource Wars of the 21th Century—future history]
-- HUMAN ENVIRONMENT: How your ancestors developed has a lot to do with the environment where they lived. The environment is determined by the region, the climate, and who else lives in that area.
The United States enjoys a rich East Coast with temperate climates that were very valuable to the Europeans. This good weather is due to the Gulf Stream bringing warm water from the Equator. If that current changed then New York would be more like Moscow, they would have several feet of snow all winter long, instead of a few feet during the coldest months. The crops that made America so valuable were also do to the Gulf Stream. The cold Labrador Current comes south from the Artic Circle and runs right into the Gulf Stream; this is where the famous England Fog comes from. It is also why Southern England is a lot warmer than Northern England. Russia only gets the cold artic currents in its northern regions, which is what makes Siberia so remote. North Canada is habitable because of the Gulf Stream. Most Canadian cites are warmer then Russian cities on the same latitude because of the Gulf Stream making life easier in Canada than in Russia, especially in Siberia. [the geographic forces that shaped American, English and Russian history]
The Mediterranean Sea is a nice inland body of water that is rocked by few storms. The coast can easily be sailed around and if a ship is blown off course then it can find land again, Homer’s Odyssey was an example of this. That is why the Greek and Roman civilizations did so well. The concept of Latitude was barely known back then so it was hard to make maps if ships got lost then that would have seriously hurt trade. The area has a good climate and was the seat of all modern Western Culture. If the Mediterranean Sea was lager or colder then the unique circumstances that created Greece and Rome wouldn’t have existed. The fair climate and the rich trade allowed the people leisure time, which was responsible for the advanced Greek science and the invention of Democracy. [History on the origin of the Western Culture]
Southern Americans had a mostly agricultural based society; thanks to the warm climate life was pretty easy there. People could take their time when speaking thus the Southern Drawl. The Northern East coast is harder to grow crops in, the climate isn’t as warm and the soil is rocky. Most Americans in this area were traders, shopkeepers, and merchants. Speaking fast was the best way to conduct business in a shorter day, so Yanks speak faster and have a clipped from of speaking. [American History and one force that developed two American dialects.]
NOW IT GETS MORE COMPLEX.
The first Eskimos faced population pressures; the land couldn’t support many people (human environment) so they immigrated to new land across the Bearing Strait (movement). Those that continued south became Native Americans (movement), because life was pretty easy in primitive America they didn’t need a high technology (human environment and region). Since the Bearing Land Bridge collapsed there were fewer people in North America, a wide range of tribes developed because of the huge territory, different climates, and geography. Those that lived on the plains based their life around the Buffalo, they moved when it did and made many of their goods from Buffalo hide and bone. Those that lived on rivers developed canoes that the natives on the plains never needed (human environment, and region). With all this land and so few people the competition for life was less against each other than against the land. Native Americans rarely killed in battle, they preferred to get just close enough to hit them, swing a weapon and barely touch them; counting coup. Whole scale war, in the West, was an invention of the Europeans (region, human environment). The various cultures didn’t come into conflict until the Europeans invaded (movement). As the Europeans spread out and America was founded as a nation the clipped fast speech of the Yanks developed vs. the slow southern drawl (human environment, movement and region). [This section covers pre-history to American History to the creation of two American dialects.]
All of the examples I gave above can be broken down in similar fashions. Humans MOVE to a new REGION to reach a better ENVIRONMENT so they can thrive. This concept is behind the Aryan movement into India and into the West to develop Western Civilization. The Mongols tried to move into Japan, but failed so they went south and eventually were defeated by Imperial Rome. Native Americans crossed the Bear Straight’s Land Bridge and found a new world, when they moved south the climate improved and they thrived, since their population pressure was low there were not a lot of them and they did not engage in large scale wars, only in raids or acts of bravery like Counting Coup. Thanks to the great living they didn’t need to develop a high technology, and thanks to a warm climate with a lot of sunshine these people developed a darker (redder) skin color. The Europeans had more population pressure and moved north they clumped into cities to survive and their skin turned whiter because of the reduced sunlight. The colder climates made living harder so their technology developed to a higher standard. When the population pressures forced the Europeans into America they met new climates and new people, this changed how they spoke and felt. When they came up against the Native Americans there was conflict and the fewer Natives with less technology became the losers.
I can go on, but hopefully you get the idea now. The three factors you picked are just one way to analyze history. In Guns, Germs, and Steel the noted author answered a question posed by a Native of New Guinea, Why do white folk have more cargo then we do? The long answer became a book the short answer was that the Europeans had guns, which made them more superior than any other race, as handful of Europeans could kill, and army of natives, as Cortez did to the Aztecs, and Pizaro did to the Mayans. They didn’t have guns until they developed a better technology. The first guns were brass cannons, and they were very thick and heavy and still failed. Steel gave them armor and hardened weapons that could defeat any New Guinea native weapon, later it gave them guns, and lead to buildings and so on. Disease killed more troops in a Western Army than actual combat did. These Europeans exported these diseases to American and those diseases were responsible for almost destroying the Aztec, Mayan, Incan, and Native American peoples. Humans first developed in Africa, but they never became a great race of people and easily fell to the European Slavers. The biggest reason for this was malaria. Malaria is one of Africa’s biggest problems now days. In the past it kept villages apart, prevented major population centers from developing and the technology that they would generate. Now days since the tribes are intermingling with others malaria in all of its strains has spread across the continent. The population loss is heart braking and reduces productivity, but having to take care of these people is another huge drain on resources like; time, skilled labor of doctors, money to treat, and family members who have to care for the sick.
History is the study of patterns, how they develop and what affects these patterns are. Movement, Region, and Human Environment are factors that create or classify some of these patterns, just as Guns, Germs and Steel are other important factors. Which factors you chose to study and how they relate determines your view as a historian.
2006-09-14 16:29:41
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answer #1
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answered by Dan S 7
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