A Midsummer Night's Dream is a romantic comedy by William Shakespeare written sometime in the mid-1590s. It depicts the adventures of four young lovers and a group of amateur actors in a moonlit forest, and their interactions with the fairies who inhabit it. Today, the play is one of Shakespeare's most popular and is performed across the world.
Character list
Puck or Robin Goodfellow
Oberon, King of Fairies
Titania, Queen of Fairies
Lysander, in love with Hermia
Demetrius, in love with Hermia
Hermia, in love with Lysander
Helena, in love with Demetrius
Egeus, father of Hermia
Theseus, Duke of Athens
Hippolyta, Queen of the Amazons and betrothed of Theseus
Nick Bottom, weaver
Peter Quince, carpenter
Francis Flute, bellows-mender
Robin Starveling, tailor
Tom Snout, tinker
Snug, joiner
Philostrate, Master of the Revels
Peaseblossom, fairy
Cobweb, fairy
Moth (sometimes rendered as 'Mote'), fairy
Mustardseed, fairy
The play features three interlocking plots, connected by a celebration of the wedding of Duke Theseus of Athens and the Amazonian queen Hippolyta.
In the opening scene, Hermia refuses to comply with her father Egeus's wish for her to marry his chosen man, Demetrius; in response, Egeus quotes before Theseus an ancient Athenian law whereby a daughter must marry the suitor chosen by her father, or else face death or lifelong chastity worshipping Diana as a nun. Hermia and her lover Lysander therefore decide to elope by escaping through the forest at night. Hermia informs her best friend Helena, but Helena has recently been rejected by Demetrius and decides to win back his favor by revealing the plan to him. Demetrius, followed doggedly by Helena, chases Hermia, who, in turn, chases Lysander, from whom she becomes separated.
Meanwhile, Oberon, king of the fairies, and his queen, Titania, arrive in the same forest to attend Theseus and Hippolyta's wedding. Oberon and Titania are estranged because Titania refuses to give her Indian page-boy to Oberon for use as his 'Knight' or henchman', since the child's mother was one of Titania's worshippers. Oberon seeks to punish Titania's disobedience and recruits the mischievous Puck (also called Hobgoblin and Robin Goodfellow) to help him apply a magical juice from a flower called "love-in-idleness," which makes the victim fall in love with the first living thing he sees when he awakens. Oberon applies the juice to Titania in order to distract her and force her to give up the page-boy.
Things then become more complex when Oberon encounters the Athenian lovers and tells Puck to use the magic flower to help them too. Due to Puck's errors, Hermia's two lovers temporarily turn against her in favor of Helena. The four pursue and quarrel with each other all night, losing themselves in the dark and in the maze of their romantic entanglements.
Meanwhile, a band of 'rude mechanicals' (lower-class laborers) have arranged to perform a crude play about Pyramus and Thisbe for Theseus's wedding, and venture into the forest, near Titania's bower, for their rehearsal. Nick Bottom, a stage-struck weaver, is spotted by Puck, who transforms his head into that of an *** (donkey). Titania is awoken by Bottom's singing, and she immediately falls in love with him. She treats him as if he is a nobleman and lavishes attention upon him. While in this state of devotion, she encounters Oberon and casually gives him the Indian boy.
Having achieved his goals, Oberon releases Titania and orders Puck to remove the ***'s head from Bottom. The magical enchantment is removed from Lysander but is allowed to remain on Demetrius, so that he may reciprocate Helena's love. The fairies then disappear, and Theseus and Hippolyta arrive on the scene, during an early morning hunt. They wake the lovers and, since Demetrius no longer loves Hermia, Theseus over-rules Egeus's demands and arranges a group wedding. The lovers decide that the night's events must have been a dream. After they all exit, Bottom awakes, and he too decides that he must have experienced a dream "past the wit of man".
In Athens, Theseus, Hippolyta and the lovers watch the mechanicals perform 'Pyramus and Thisbe'. It is ridiculous and badly performed but gives everyone pleasure regardless, and after the mechanicals dance a 'Bergomask' (rustic dance), everyone retires to bed. Finally, as night falls, Oberon and Titania bless the house, its occupants, and the future children of the newlyweds, and Puck delivers an epilogue to the audience asking for applause.
2006-09-06 06:22:01
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answer #1
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answered by miraob86 4
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Okay, I'll try, but it's gonna be hard to keep it short. Here's a basic. There are 4 main romantic couples in Midsummer.
Thesues & Hippolyta
Oberon & Titania
Lysander& Hermia
Demetrius & Helena
Thesues, the Duke of Athens, is in love with Hippolyta, the Queen of the Amazons and they are about to get married.
Oberon, the King of the Faeries, and his estranged wife & Queen, Titania are having a fight right now. [The jist of it is about a young, {Eastern} Indian boy {the son of one of Titinia's very good friends, who died in childbirth. Titania has raised Her friend's son as Her ward}. Oberon wants the boy to be a page for His retenue. Titania won't give the boy over to Oberon's care, and there's a literal fued in Faerie because of this, with everybody taking sides.]
Hermia is our main heroine, she and Lysander are in love with each other, but Hermia's father [Egeus] wants her to marry Demetrius. Demetrius is in love with Hermia, but she doesn't love him.
Egeus goes to Duke Theseus for help, to make Hermia marry Demetrius. [Aparently, there's a law in Athens that says that if Hermia doesn't marry who Egeus wants her to, she has to either become a nun to the Goddess Diana, or be put to death.] Theseus agrees with Egues, but Hippolyta disagrees that Hermia should have to marry someone she doesn't love. Theseus and Hippolyta have a fight over this.
Hermia's best friend Helena is in love with Demetrius, and at one time he claimed to have loved her, too, but denies it now.
Hermia and Lysander decide to elope, and run away, into the forest. Hermia tells Helena about this, and she tells Demetrius hoping it will make him give up on Hermia. Demetrius follows Lysander and Hermia to the forest, and Helena follows Demetrius, still absolutely in love with him.
Oberon sees Demetrius fighting with poor, lovesick Helena, and takes pity on Helena. He commands his servent Puck to make a love potion and pour it into Demetrius's eyes so that the first thing Demetrius sees when he wakes up will be Helena, and he will fall in love with her. Puck makes a mistake and accidently puts the potion in Lysander's eyes, making him fall in love with Helena instead. Oberon sends Puck back to put the potion in Demetrius 's eyes, which Puck does. Now both Demetrius and Lysander are in love with Helena, and poor Hermia is wondering what happened to Lysander while Helena thinks that both Demetrius and Lysander are making fun of her. This leads to a fight between Hermia and Lysander, and a fight between Demetrius and Lysander and even one between Helena and Hermia.
Now, while all this is going on we have a bit of a comedy side story happening in the forest, too. There's a group of villagers from town who've come to the forest to rehearse a play that they want to perform for a competition on the Duke's wedding night. One of these villagers is a man named Nick Bottom, who thinks very highly of himself and thinks he's a great actor [which he isn't]. While they're rehearsing their play Puck watches them, and just for the fun of it, he turns Bottom's head into a donkey's head. All of Bottom's friends run away in terror, and he falls asleep in the forest, not even realizing what's happened to him, yet.
Puck tells Oberon about his trick played on Bottom, and Oberon gets a bright idea, He tells Puck to put the love potion into Queen Titania's eyes, while She's sleeping, so that the first thing She sees when she wakes will be Bottom. Puck does this, and Queen Titania falls in love with Bottom. Titantia dotes on Bottom, making Her faerie court treat him lavishly. [This is done mostly for revenge on Oberon's part and the idea that Titania won't care about the Indian boy anymore, if She's in love with Bottom].
When Demetrius and Lysander are fighting, Oberon finally intervenes and makes Puck keep them away from each other, so that no one gets hurt. Oberon makes Puck put a new potion in Lysander's eyes, that cures the love potion, so that Lysander will love Hermia again. He also has Puck cure Queen Titania, thinking that She's been made enough of a fool of for His revenge. Also, Puck cures Bottom, who returns to the town and his friends, mostly confused, and unsure whether what happened to him was just a dream or not.
Thesues and Hippolyta make up, and they and Egeus go looking for Hermia, Demetrius, Lysander, and Helena. - finding them in the forest, where they've woken up. The cure has worked, and Lysander is back in love with Hermia, but Demetrius is still in love with Helena, because of Puck's love potion. Because Demetrius doesn't want to marry Hermia anymore, Egues relents, and lets her marry Lysander.
The play ends with all the couples happy, Titania and Oberon make up, and She gives in to His request to let the boy She's raised be His page. They go to the Duke's {invisibly}, to bless the newly married couples.
Bottom and his friends perform their play at the weddings [all three weddings happen at once, the Duke marries Hippolyta, Lysander and Hermia get married to each other, and so do Demetrius and Helena]. Bottom and his friends win the competion, even though they're awful - just because everyone finds their performance so amusing and heartfelt. It's all a happily ever after sort of ending.
2006-09-06 06:56:55
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answer #2
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answered by Namon 3
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