The term ginseng refers to several species of the genus Panax . For more than two thousand years, the roots of this slow-growing plant have been valued in Chinese medicine. The two most commonly used species are Asian ginseng ( Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), which is mostly extinct in its natural range but is still cultivated, and American ginseng ( P. quinquefolius L.), which is both harvested from the wild and cultivated. Panax ginseng should not be confused with Siberian ginseng ( Eleutherococcus senticosus ). In Russia, Siberian ginseng was promoted as a cheaper alternative to ginseng and was believed to have identical benefits. However, Siberian ginseng does not contain the ginsenosides that are present in the Panax species, which are believed to be active ingredients and have been scientifically studied.
Siberian Ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus) is not considered a true ginseng; instead of a fleshy root, it has a woody root; instead of ginsenosides, eleutherosides are present. Some other species previously classified in the separate genera Polyscias and Pseudopanax. The English word ginseng derives from the Chinese term rnshn (simplified: traditional: ), literally "man root" (referring to the root's characteristic forked shape, resembling the legs of a man). It was originally the common name for several plants valued for their medicinal properties; although ginseng is now most often associated with the genus Panax, some researchers believe that the original ginseng used in ancient China may have been a different plant. Although ginseng is often seen as an East Asian medicine, American ginseng has been used by Native Americans for centuries. A wide variety of ginseng is generally available in many Chinese or Korean herbal medicine shops and ethnic Chinese supermarkets. It has been difficult to verify the medicinal benefits of ginseng using modern science. Frequently, there are contradictory results from different studies. Supporters claim that this is due to the wide variety of ginseng quality used in studies. The quality and neutrality of studies from East Asia have also been questioned. Another issue is that there is no profit to be achieved from researching ginseng because it cannot be patented; therefore, pharmaceutical companies have no incentive to research ginseng. As a result, quality studies into the effects of ginseng are rare.
Following is a complicated way of saying that "Red Ginseng"is one of the many synonyms or same name as Panax ginseng
Synonyms
General : Allheilkraut, Araliaceae (family), chikusetsu ginseng, chosen ninjin, dwarf ginseng, Eleutherococcus senticosus , five-fingers, five-leaf ginseng, ginseng radix, G115®, Ginsengwurzel, ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf and Rg1), GTTC (Ginseng and Tang-kuei Ten Combination), hakusan, hakushan, higeninjin, hongshen, hungseng, hungsheng, hunseng, insam, jenseng, jenshen, jinpi, kao-li-seng, korean ginseng, hua qi shen, kraftwurzel, man root, minjin, nhan sam, ninjin, ninzin, niuhan, Oriental ginseng, otane ninjin, panax de chine, panax notoginseng, panax vietnamensis (Vietnamese Ginseng), P. psuedoginseng Wall. var. notoginseng, P. psuedoginseng var. major, P. psuedoginseng , P. trifolius L., pannag, proprietary ginseng root extract (Cold-FX, CV Technologies Inc., Edmonton, AB), racine de ginseng, renshen, sanchi ginseng, san-pi, sang, schinsent, sei yang sam, seng, shanshen, shen-sai-seng, shenshaishanshen, shenghaishen, siyojin, t'ang-sne, tartar root, true ginseng, tyosenninzin, Western ginseng, Western sea ginseng, xi shen, xi yang shen, yakuyo ninjin, yakuyo ninzin, yang shen yeh-shan-seng, yuan-seng, yuansheng, zhuzishen.
Panax ginseng synonyms : Asian ginseng, Asiatic ginseng, Chinese ginseng, Gincosan (a combination of 120mg Ginkgo biloba and 200mg Panax ginseng), ginseng asiatique, ginseng radix, ginseng root, Japanese ginseng, jintsam, Korean red, Korean red ginseng, ninjin, Oriental ginseng, P. ginseng, P. schinseng, red ginseng, ren shen, sang, shen.
American ginseng synonyms : Anchi ginseng, Canadian ginseng, North American ginseng, Ontario ginseng, P. quincefolium, red berry, ren shen, sang, tienchi ginseng, Wisconsin ginseng.
Siberian ginseng synonyms : Acanthopanax senticosus, ci wu jia, ciwujia, devil's bush, devil's shrub, eleuthera, eleuthero, eleuthero ginseng, eleutherococ, eleutherococcus, eleutherococci radix, Eleutherococcus senticosus, shigoka, touch-me-not, wild pepper, wu-jia, wu-jia-pi, ussuri, ussurian thorny pepperbrush.
Dosing
The below doses are based on scientific research, publications, traditional use, or expert opinion. Many herbs and supplements have not been thoroughly tested, and safety and effectiveness may not be proven. Brands may be made differently, with variable ingredients, even within the same brand. The below doses may not apply to all products. You should read product labels, and discuss doses with a qualified healthcare provider before starting therapy.
Standardization
Standardization involves measuring the amount of certain chemicals in products to try to make different preparations similar to each other. It is not always known if the chemicals being measured are the "active" ingredients. Ginseng extracts may be standardized to 4% ginsenosides content (for example, G115®) or 7% total ginsenosides content. Standardized products have been used in studies, although tests of commercially available ginseng products have found that many brands do not contain the claimed ingredients, and some include detectable pesticides.
Adults (18 years and older)
Capsules : 100 to 200 milligrams of a standardized ginseng extract (4% ginsenosides) taken by mouth once or twice daily has been used in studies for up to 12 weeks. 0.5 to 2 grams of dry ginseng root, taken daily by mouth in divided doses, has also been used. E. senticosus dry extract at a dose of 300 milligrams per day was used in a small study for 8 weeks to improve quality of life in elderly patients. A proprietary ginseng root extract (Cold-FX, CV Technologies Inc., Edmonton, AB) has been studied in athletes for 28 days at a dose of 400 milligrams per day. Higher doses are sometimes given in studies or under the supervision of a qualified healthcare provider. Many different doses are used traditionally. Practitioners sometimes recommended that after using ginseng continuously for two to three weeks, people should take a break for one or two weeks, and that long-term dosing should not exceed 1 gram of dry root daily.
Decoction/Fluid Extract/Tincture : A decoction of 1 to 2 grams added to 150 milliliters of water, taken by mouth daily has been used; a 1:1 (grams per milliliter) fluid extract taken as 1 to 2 milliliters by mouth daily has been used; 5 to 10 milliliters (approximately 1 to 2 teaspoons) of a 1:5 (grams per milliliter) tincture taken by mouth daily has been used. Practitioners sometimes recommended that after using it for 2-3 weeks that they take a break for 1 or 2 weeks.
2006-08-27 19:52:11
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answer #1
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answered by Deb T 2
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