The ingredients of modern cosmetics may also surprise those who use them: Lipstick, for example, can contain the shimmery substance of fish scales called "pearl essence". Pearl essence is obtained primarily from herring and is one of many by-products of large-scale commercial fish processing. This is rarely used due to the high cost and extreme fragility of this type of colorant. The primary source of the pearlescent shine used in lipsticks, eyeshadows, and blush is mica, a natural, mined mineral. The mica, which is translucent, is coated with a very thin layer of titanium dioxide. This coating causes color to appear through interference effects with the mica; varying the thickness of the titanium dioxide changes the color.
The red color of lipstick can come from iron oxide (rust) or from organic pigments. Typically, the pigment is crushed very finely while being mixed with castor oil. This pigment mixture is then mixed with a wax base to form a finished lipstick. The red color of some eyeshadows is from the dye carmine, made from the crushed bodies of the cochineal insect. This is extremely expensive and is used as rarely as possible. Pure carmine dye is usually more expensive than gold.
Cosmetic colorants are highly regulated. In the US, the regulating body is the Food and Drug Administration. Each country or group of countries has their own regulatory agency that controls what can go into cosmetics. Many colorants in cosmetics are also used as food dyes.
Pearlescence of solid and liquid mixtures (e.g., lipsticks, shampoos and liquid soaps) is achieved by adding a suspension of tiny flakes of a suitable material, often a wax, e.g., glycol distearate.
Some ingredients are totally ineffective, but, when marketed properly, add value to the cosmetic in the mind of the consumer. Placenta is one such ingredient. Placenta is added to, e.g., shampoos because of any number of claims made, such as adding protein, but such claims are scientifically impossible.
Other ingredients are added to allow the manufacturer to make misleading statements that appear to be true only because of the addition of a particular ingredient. Aristowax brand wax is one such ingredient. When added to a cream, the Aristowax balls or rolls up as the cream is rubbed into the skin. Misleading claims are then made in the instructions for the use of the product that rubbing the cream into the skin will cause "rough" skin to "roll off." True, skin is always flaking off and some dead skin cells are removed, but it is the Aristowax itself in the product that balls up, not "rough" skin, and the instructions for use lead the consumer to believe that the resulting Aristowax rolls are actually dead skin cells being exfoliated.
Another ingredient that makes a product appear to be working is contained in dandruff shampoos. The shampoos claim to eliminate dandruff. In reality, the ingredient has no effect on dandruff, other than to break the dandruff flakes into smaller pieces that make them much harder to identify.
However, in the world of cosmetics, beauty is in the eye of the beholder, and since cosmetics are not food products, they are not regulated as tightly, and manufacturers may claim almost anything they wish.
There are a few potential dangers regarding the use of cosmetics. One such danger is the use of old mascara. Some mascaras contains an ingrediant that breaks down to produce formaldehyde. The formaldehyde prevents the growth of bacteria. Aged mascara, however, may no longer be producing formaldhyde, allowing bacteria to proliferate. Blindness is one possible result if the bacteria-laden mascara gets into the eye. Therefore, purchasers of mascara should consider buying only the smaller sized containers of mascara to force the purchaser to buy new mascara more often.
Ingredients in mascara include water, wax thickeners, film-formers and preservatives.
2006-08-26 05:39:43
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answer #1
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answered by ted_armentrout 5
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I think one of the main ingredients is cow fat (tallow). It is a wax-like substance. They send tons of the stuff to Mexico where most make up products are made.
2006-08-26 12:38:14
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answer #2
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answered by Anonymous
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