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The HAZ of a pipe weld, with the blue area being the metal most affected by the heat.The effects of welding on the material surrounding the weld can be detrimental—depending on the materials used and the heat input of the welding process used, the HAZ can be of varying size and strength. The thermal diffusivity of the base material plays a large role—if the diffusivity is high, the material cooling rate is high and the HAZ is relatively small. Conversely, a low diffusivity leads to slower cooling and a larger HAZ. The amount of heat injected by the welding process plays an important role as well, as processes like oxyacetylene welding have an unconcentrated heat input and increase the size of the HAZ. Processes like laser beam welding give a highly concentrated, limited amount of heat, resulting in a small HAZ. Arc welding falls between these two extremes, with the individual processes varying somewhat in heat input.[29][30] To calculate the heat input for arc welding procedures, the following formula can be used:
Q = (V x I x 60/S x 1000) x Efficiency
where Q = heat input (kJ/mm), V = voltage (V), I = current (A), and S = welding speed (mm/min). The efficiency is dependent on the welding process used, with shielded metal arc welding having a value of 0.75, gas metal arc welding and submerged arc welding, 0.9, and gas tungsten arc welding, 0.8.[31]
2006-08-25 23:55:16
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answer #1
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answered by chrchrbrt 3
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With warmth circulate methods your theory of the performance isn't suited. you do no longer supply a clue regarding the warmth circulate technique in contact. With a refrigeration technique the observe performance is punctiliously out.
2016-12-11 15:39:58
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answer #3
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answered by Anonymous
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