what are the 5 epochs to the development of drama?

Answer 1

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Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance, Modern and Contemporary.

Answer 2

I'm not quite sure about what you are asking. It seems to me that you are enquiring about the formal structure of classical drama, a five act division:

Act 1 - contains all introductory information and thus serves as exposition: The main characters are introduced and, by presenting a conflict, the play prepares the audience for the action in subsequent acts;
Act 2 - usually propels the plot by introducing further circumstances or problems related to the main issue (complicating action). The main conflict starts to develop and characters are presented in greater detail;
Act 3 - the plot reaches its climax. A crisis occurs where the deed is committed that will lead to the catastrophe, and this brings about a turn (peripety) in the plot;
Act 4 - creates new tension in that it delays the final catastrophe by further events (falling action);
Act 5 - finally offers a solution to the conflict presented in the play. While tragedies end in a catastrophe, usually the death of the protagonist, comedies are simply ‘resolved’ (traditionally in a wedding or another type of festivity).