"Brainwashing" is actually a misnomer. This refers to techniques, that can even include torture, to force people to genuinely change their opinion about certain things. Nothing is forgotten, but people submitted to this believe they are now right about something and everybody, including themselves before their conversion, is wrong. Some religious, and quasi religious, groups are known for forcing influence on people to gain support.
As for the other part of the question "where is information stored", well no one is sure yet. Because the brain is a massively parallel computer (to make an analogy with something that we DO understand, as we do not yet understand the human brain) it seems that it could store memories as patterns of activated neurons, not unlike a hologram. The real problem is that it is pretty hard to study the human brain while in use... but scientists are working on it. Whoever finds how the brain works is almost assured on the Nobel prize in medicine, along with fame and fortune. So we have very clever people trying very hard to find out. Stay tuned.
2006-08-20 14:38:22
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answer #1
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answered by Vincent G 7
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This is really two separate quesions, but you're lucky I'm in a generous mood tonight.
To answer the implied question first, there is not really a connection between them. No form of brainwashing now known can actually remove or alter memories (information storage).
Brainwashing is a term for forcibly altering a belief system, first practiced in its modern form by the Chinese Communists during the Korean War. It involves a number of things, of which rational argument based on debate of terms and topics forms only a very small part.
The central part of brainwashing is stress, combined with continuous reinforcment of the propositions to be accepted. The stress may take the form of humiliation, food- or sleep-deprivation, drug-induced shock (as in insulin shock, for example), beatings and or other turture means.
The person undergoing the brainwashing is not permitted to rest or recover from the stressor incidents. Sometimes, when done in groups, the group itself can be brought to reinforce the brainwashing, at which point it becomes self-sustaining.
The continuous reinforcement of the proposition(s) to be accepted may include propaganda in the form of signs, banners, posters, books, and shouted slogans (also could be broadcast over loudspeakers.) The person under brainwashing must accept these terms and agree to them in order to be allowed to leave the process; agreeing to them is a major step toward acceptance of them.
Corporate activities may be included. Games, group singing/ chanting, and listening to recordings of slogans may be used to induce a change of allegiance in the person being brainwashed. The constant repetition may also be a factor in that it takes time that would otherwise be used to eat, sleep or other activities. This in turn reinforces the food/ sleep/ other deprivation.
When the person being brainwashed attempts to convert others to the cause, or is willing to provide information previously withheld as part of a former allegiance, their conversion may be taken as complete.
Brainwashing may be distinguished from hypnosis in that hypnosis achieves a relaxed state of awareness. There is no relaxation with brainwashing. In the classic sense of the term, as it was first used during the Korean War, the brainwashed American soldier was subjected to constant stress and allowed no opportunity to relax and recover.
Some aspect of Asian societies give insight into the ideas behind brainwashing. Saving 'face' and the pressure to conform socially are enormous. Even today, nonconformists in Asian societies may be shouted at and criticized and made to feel inferior and selfish for not cooperating.
Some political theorists believe that anybody disagreeing with their policies hads been brainwashed; on the basis that no reasonable person could honestly disagree with them. This is, in and of itself, a subtle evidence that the politician has been brainwashed. Those who advocate the use of brainwashing (also called reprogramming) for others are engaging in a false double standard under which they themselves do not deserve the freedoms they enjoy.
(It may be that some people do not believe in the existence of free will; if free will is an illusion, there is no such thing as brainwashing. However, in most cases, those who support brainwashing believe that they are not the product of instinct and conditioning, as animals are.)
Information is not stored in any set single location in the brain. It appears to be stored holographically, in many different locations, with some details stored in one place and some in another place. This is proven in the cases of brain damage where people are able to remember things despite large areas of damage. In cases where the controls for retrieving the information are damaged, the information may still be there in the brain, only inaccessible. Under hypnosis, many details that are not available to the normal waking mind may be retrieved.
Memory works by means of associations, and some modern memory training classes rely in creating strikingly memorable images that link together a person's name, face, job and hobbies, to form associations that the average person can call up more easily than each separate datum.
It is not yet known how to store or retrieve information from the brain by means of an electronic device (directly, that is, as opposed to via multimedia or virtual reality.)
2006-08-20 22:22:04
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answer #2
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answered by cdf-rom 7
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check out this site for info on the mind..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Origin_of_Consciousness_in_the_Breakdown_of_the_Bicameral_Mind
2006-08-20 21:45:20
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answer #6
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answered by Anonymous
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Blink, blink. No freaking clue, sorry.
2006-08-20 21:33:28
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answer #7
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answered by Janais 2
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