Is a magnet a material containing a magnetic charge?

Question

Magnetostatic theory

Answer 1

I don't know if magnetic 'charge' is the correct term. A magnetic material is one that exhibits a highly directional magnetic 'field'. The electron spins in the material are overwhelmingly aligned in a certain direction, this is what creates magnetism. (Iron [usually] has 3 valence electrons, so 2 of the 3 will be spinning in one direction, thus creating the conditions required for magnetism. This is why iron is easy to magnetize in nature)

That is what you are doing if you rub a bar magnet on a paper clip to make it magnetic. You are lining up the electron spins in the paper clip.

Answer 2

Magnetic charges do not exist. A magnet has its atoms oriented so its components particles acts as electric charges moving. This movement generates a magnetic field (ampere's law) for each atom, but the result is the total sum of them because the oriented direction of the electrical charge of its atoms generates the same magnetic field orientation for all the individual contributions.