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The story of westward expansion by European Americans is a basic theme of the American experience, but it is also a history Indian removal from their traditional lands. Indians lost their lands through by purchase, war, disease and even extermination, but many transfers of Indian land were formalized by treaty. The Constitution of 1789 empowered Congress to "regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes. Federal policy regarded each tribe as a sovereign entity capable of signing binding treaties with the United States government. In the first 40 years of the new republic, the United States signed multiple treaties with Indian tribes which usually followed a basic pattern: the signatory tribe withdrew to a prescribed reservation and in return the Federal Government promised to provide supplies, food, and often an annuity. In 1830, Congress chose to disregard Indian treaty guarantees when it passed the Indian Removal Act, a bill engineered by President Andrew Jackson. Despite its language suggesting a voluntary and fair "exchange" of lands, the act opened the door for the militias of trans-Appalachian and southern states to simply drive the Indians across the Mississippi by force. The Indians destination was to be an "Indian Territory" set aside west of Iowa, Missouri, and Arkansas.
2006-08-08
15:59:18
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6 answers
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asked by
Christina G.
3
in
Education & Reference
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2006-08-08
16:01:09 ·
update #1
i wish i could give points to all of y'all that helped me :) all of u guys helped a lot.
2006-08-08
16:19:32 ·
update #2
Basically,
In the Beginning, the Europeans ran off, killed or laid waste to the Indian population. The Indians couldn't handle the European diseases, so they died.
Then the Europeans said,"hey, let's make this 'legal'. We'll sign these treaties and give you these pieces of land. We'll make a deal with each individual tribe." The Indians said, "OK"
Then the Europeans said, "hey, we'll give you food, supplies, and some cash. You just give us the land we let you have." The Indians said,"ok"
Then in 1830, Congress decided to ignore the treaties. They said, "hey, we're going to REMOVE you to this designated area in the West. It's land just as good as what you have now, but it's out west." The Indians said, "um, no thanks". Then the Americans said,"sorry, go quietly, or in front of a gun. YOU ARE GOING." (Hence the Trail of Tears walked by the Cherokee from their homes to their reservation).
The Indians were forcibily settled in the "Indian Territory".
2006-08-08 16:12:55
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answer #1
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answered by Ananke402 5
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Seems pretty cut and dry to me, but I'll try to simplify it for you. The paragraph is showing the different ways that the Indians in America lost their lands. First by purchase, war, disease and exterminantion. Then goes on to highlight how formal treaties were placed to move the Indians to reservations.
It states that the Constitution of 1789 gave congress the power to make each individual tribe a "mini-nation" treating them like a foreign country. Then in return for their land, the government moved them to reservations and provided supplies, food, etc.
Then in 1830 Congress decided that treating tribes as "mini-nations" was not working for their agenda and created the Indian Removal Act. Even though this Act was meant to be a fair exchange, it's loopholes allowed militia forces of Euro Americans to drive the Indians across the Mississippi by force.
Simply put - Congress made Indian tribes into foreign nations to create an even exchange - their lands for supplies and whatever else. Then when this didn't fit into the agenda - they decided to simply remove them from the land and send them across the Mississippi. Where eventually they would evict them from those lands as well. Hope it clears this up for you. The Indians got screwed by Congress twice and have been getting screwed ever since.
2006-08-08 16:13:07
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answer #2
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answered by tinydancer42001 4
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Darn, this is a long one. Okay, since you already have the facts I'll simplify it for you. (Most of the answers are so long so I'll make mine shorter.)
The Indians once owned most of the land they called before as the new world. However, the coming of foreigners endangered their life. They were either killed, bribed, or driven away to places uninhabited by these foreigners. Some laws were made to help the Indians. These laws helped for only a short time because the succeeding leaders refused to take their conditions into consideration. Some laws were even improperly exercised. So as to make things easier, they opted to give the Indians a territory. It was very easy because Indians have low population as compared to those who took their land.
Hope it was shorter and clearer.
2006-08-09 02:36:21
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answer #3
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answered by klay 3
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As America grew we took the land of the Native tribes by killing them, buying the land with liqueur,beads,and rusty old guns. We even gave them blankets that were contaminated with diseases such as small pox or chicken pox ,they didn't have a way to treat the new illnesses and died.Each tribe signed treaties with our govt alone and were never joined as a Native Amer.nation or Indian Nation as they were called back then. Later Pres Jackson decided to just remove(Removal act) them forcefully or by trickery and put them on reservations and give them food and shelter.They were finally placed on bad land, that didn't produce much and they couldn't leave it to hunt for food for their families, and then didn't receive the food and shelter promised. Best wishes. You are the 2nd one with this Q!!
2006-08-08 16:14:17
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answer #4
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answered by Anonymous
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the Constitution allowed for Congress to make treaties to gain land with other sovereign nations (the indians) then President Jackson decided to completely ignore those treaties that had been signed before his presidency and made up the Indian removal act which in a worst case scenario gave the states the right to kick the indians off of the reservations and in that time onto unclaimed territory--Oklahoma, the Dakotas.
If you look at the treaties as a binding contract Jackson said screw them and ended up kicking the indians off of the land that they had gained in their treaties
2006-08-08 16:22:51
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answer #5
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answered by Anonymous
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Well, it's not too complicated but let me try.
American history is usually told as the story of White people spreading west from the Atlantic to the Pacific. To do that, they had to move the Indians off of most of that land. Sometimes they did it by war or illness killing off the Indians or by buying it.
Many cases, though, were done by making treaties with the tribes. Each tribe is considered by American law as a foreign country so the government can make treaties with each tribe.
The early treaties got the Indians to move off their land and onto different lands. In exchange we promised them the right to keep the new land. Since the new land meant leaving behind their food and hunting grounds, we promised them food and money and supplies.
But then in 1830 we broke our promises. We pretended that we were trading them land that was just as good. But really we had our armed citizens force the Indians off their lands and we made them move west of the Mississippi river. The US set up an area they called Indian Territory in what was then the west.
So this tells the story of how the Whites (European Americans) spread west and, in order to do so, they had to move the Indians out of the Indians' homes. At first they negotiated and traded to do it, but as our numbers grew we ended up just forcing them out of their homes and off to other lands. But as we spread west we kept pushing them off the lands we'd moved them to to begin with. So as we kept moving west we kept moving them further west and we cared less and less about being fair about it.
2006-08-08 16:24:59
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answer #6
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answered by thatguyjoe 5
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they bartered maybe, i didni't read it all, cause that is A LOT!!!! hope this helps in some way, and have a good day@ school tomorrow.
2006-08-08 16:10:32
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answer #7
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answered by vmbbfreak06 4
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