wat is homologous series and state 5 organic compound?

Question

organic chemistry

Answer 1

A homologous series of compounds is a series of different compounds of the same general type. The molecular structure of each compound differs by the same component from one member to the next. Examples would be
alkanes: methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), pentane (C5H12), etc

alcohols: methanol (CH3OH), ethanol (C2H5OH), propanol (C3H7OH), butanol (C4H9OH), pentanol (C5H11OH), etc.

aldehydes: methanal (or formaldehyde, HCHO), ethanal (or acetaldehyde, H3CCHO), propanal (C2H5CHO), butanal (C3H7CHO), pentanal (C5H9CHO), etc

Nitroalkanes: nitromethane (CH3NO2), nitroethane (C2H5NO2), nitropropane (C3H7NO2), nitrobutane (C4H9NO2), nitropentane (C5H11NO2), etc

There are other types of homologous series, defined by the basic structural unit. Polymers, starches, and proteins are examples of these. An example would be the series of compounds formed by joinging molecules of the sugar glucose together such that you would have the monosaccharide glucose itself, then the disaccharide molecule formed by joining two glucose molecules together, the trisaccharide from three glucose molecules, the tetrasaccharide from four glucose molecules, the pentasaccharide from five glucose molecules, and so on.

There are many, many examples of homologous series.

Answer 2

A homologous series is a series of compounds that have the same general formula, same chemical properties (same functional group) and each member differ from the next member by a CH2 group/RMM 15.

For example, alkene, alkane, alcohol, carboxylic acid, ester, amine, etc.

Answer 3

a) the only bond nature of the carbon atoms is indicated via way of the call alkane for the homologous sequence. the call of a majority of those compounds finally ends up in ane b) the call of the particular compound is desperate via way of the type of C atoms interior the chain. 1C = methane 2C = ethane 3C = propane 4C = butane 5c = pentane 6C = hexane 7C = heptane 8C = octane 9C = nonane 10C = decane. those naming maintains in this style for an infinite form of C atoms. for example 11C = undecane 20C = eicosane that's called icosane 30C = triacontane 40C = tetracontane 50C pentacontane. a great type of the study in organic and organic and organic and organic chemistry are constrained to the 1st 10 C compounds - decane - yet information of the greater effectual compounds is mandatory.