Procrastination is the deferment or avoidance of an action or task which requires completion by focusing on some other action or task. For the person procrastinating, this can result in a loss of productivity, stress and a sense of guilt. The act of reading this article may be considered procrastination by certain employers whose employees are not permitted to view non-job related websites on the internet. While it is normal for individuals to procrastinate to some degree, it becomes a problem when it impedes normal functioning. Chronic procrastination may be a sign of an underlying psychological or physiological disorder.
The word itself comes from the Latin word procrastinatus: pro- (forward) and crastinus (of tomorrow). The term's first known appearance was in the 17th century, during a sermon by a Reverend Anthoney Walker on procrastination. The sermon reflected procrastination's connection at the time to task avoidance or delay, volition or will, and sin.
Causes of Procrastination
Psychological
The psychological causes of procrastination vary greatly, but generally surround issues of anxiety, low sense of self-worth, a self-defeating mentality or laziness. Procrastinators are also thought to have a higher-than-normal level of conscientiousness, more based on the "dreams and wishes" of perfection or achievement in contrast to a realistic appreciation of their obligations and potential.
Physiological
Research on the physiological roots of procrastination mostly surround the role of the prefrontal cortex. This area of the brain is responsible for executive brain functions such as planning, impulse control, attention, and acts as a filter by decreasing distracting stimuli from other brain regions. Damage or low activation in this area can reduce an individual's ability to filter out distracting stimuli, ultimately resulting in poorer organization, a loss of attention and increased procrastination. This is similar to the prefrontal lobe's role in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, where underactivation is common.]
Procrastination and Mental Health
Procrastination can be a persistent and debilitating disorder in some people, causing significant psychological disability and dysfunction. These individuals may actually be suffering from an underlying mental health problem such as depression or Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD).
While procrastination is a behavioral condition, these underlying mental health disorders can be treated with medication and/or therapy. Medication can improve an individual's attention span (in the case of ADHD) or improve overall mood (in the case of depression). Therapy can be a useful tool in helping an individual learn new behaviors, overcome fears and anxieties, and achieve an improved quality of life. Thus it is important for people who chronically struggle with debilitating procrastination to see a trained therapist or psychiatrist to see if an underlying mental health issue may be present.
Severe procrastination and/or ADD can cross over into internet addiction or computer addiction. In this instance the individual has a compulsion to avoid reality by surfing the web or playing video games (see Game addiction) or looking at online pornography (see Pornography addiction). Although these are relatively new phenomena, they are being considered as a psychiatric diagnoses by mental health professionals.
Perfectionism
Traditionally, procrastination has been associated with perfectionism, a tendency to negatively evaluate outcomes and one's own performance, intense fear and avoidance of evaluation of one's abilities by others, heightened social self-consciousness and anxiety, recurrent low mood, and workaholism. Slaney (1996) found that adaptive perfectionists were less likely to procrastinate than non-perfectionists, while maladaptive perfectionists (people who saw their perfectionism as a problem) had high levels of procrastination (and also of anxiety).
Academic Procrastination
Procrastination is commonly noticed in the academic setting, where students are required to meet deadlines for assignments and tests in an environment which is full of events and activities which compete for the students' time and attention.
Some students struggle with procrastination due to a lack of time management or study skills, stress, or feeling overwhelmed with their work. Students can also struggle with procrastination for medical reasons such as ADD/ADHD or a learning disorder such as dyslexia.
Teachers, guidance counselors, and others in school administration should be trained to address these issues when they arise, and many colleges and universities offer classes, coaching, and tutoring in study skills for students who are struggling with procrastination or a learning disorder. Students with ADD or learning disorders often qualify for special considerations such as increased time for test-taking.
Types of Procrastinators
The Relaxed Type
The relaxed type of procrastinators feels negatively towards their work and blow it off, commonly forgetting it, by doing something else. In a child, one would often see that the child would abandon his schoolwork, but not his socialization. This denial-based person would try their best to avoid stress caused by their work by not doing this challenging item, and focusing on having fun, or other easier work. This would give them a happy life.
The Tense-Afraid Type
The Tense-Afraid Type of procrastinators would usually feel "overwhelmed with pressure, unrealistic about time, uncertain about goals" and many other negative feelings. This person would therefore feel they are lacking some ability to do this work, and would try to escape this stress by relaxing. This temporary escape would then fall away, leading to an even more stress to this over-worked person. This would lead to this person feeling guilty, and therefore more apprehensive. It also has a debilitating effect on their personal life and relationships. Since they are uncertain about their goals they often feel awkward when with people who are confident and self-aware; in turn they often fall into depression. They tend to withdraw from social life and they often avoid contact, even with close friends.
2006-08-07 07:34:18
·
answer #1
·
answered by Anonymous
·
0⤊
0⤋
Procastinated
2016-11-10 02:13:14
·
answer #2
·
answered by ? 4
·
0⤊
0⤋
Procrastination is the deferment or avoidance of an action or task which requires completion by focusing on some other action or task. For the person procrastinating, this can result in a loss of productivity, stress and a sense of guilt. The act of reading this article may be considered procrastination by certain employers whose employees are not permitted to view non-job related websites on the internet. While it is normal for individuals to procrastinate to some degree, it becomes a problem when it impedes normal functioning. Chronic procrastination may be a sign of an underlying psychological or physiological disorder.
The word itself comes from the Latin word procrastinatus: pro- (forward) and crastinus (of tomorrow). The term's first known appearance was in the 17th century, during a sermon by a Reverend Anthoney Walker on procrastination. The sermon reflected procrastination's connection at the time to task avoidance or delay, volition or will, and sin.
Good luck.
2006-08-07 07:34:03
·
answer #3
·
answered by Anry 7
·
1⤊
0⤋
Procrastination is the deferment or avoidance of an action or task which requires completion by focusing on some other action or task.
In other words putting off for tomorrow what you can and probably should do today.
2006-08-07 07:33:45
·
answer #4
·
answered by Coco 5
·
0⤊
0⤋
D-Day is a term often used in military parlance to denote the day on which a combat attack or operation is to be initiated.This may be the commencement of hostilities or any other operation. The most famous D-Day is , June 6 , 1944 , when " Operation Overlord " began.
2016-03-18 22:48:15
·
answer #5
·
answered by Anonymous
·
0⤊
0⤋
Procrastination basically means to postpone, putting off or delaying or defering an action to a later time.
2006-08-07 07:34:21
·
answer #6
·
answered by vectorx 3
·
0⤊
0⤋
Procrastination means you put things off till the last minute. Like I procrastinate when it comes to writing a speech. I wont do it until I have to.
2006-08-07 07:35:05
·
answer #7
·
answered by katybeth212001 3
·
0⤊
0⤋
If you mean procrastination, its like putting something off for a really long time by doing other less important tasks first.
2006-08-07 07:35:10
·
answer #8
·
answered by Anonymous
·
0⤊
0⤋
Putting of for tomorrow what you should do today.
Not accomplishing a task in a timely manner without good reason. Just wanting to "do it later". This often leads to it not getting done on time or just not getting done.
2006-08-07 07:36:13
·
answer #9
·
answered by lcmcpa 7
·
0⤊
0⤋
productivity, procastination, meaning
1. spend less time screwing around on the web
2006-08-07 07:35:49
·
answer #10
·
answered by Anonymous
·
0⤊
0⤋
1 procrastination, cunctation, shillyshally
the act of procrastinating; putting off or delaying or defering an action to a later time
2006-08-07 07:36:15
·
answer #11
·
answered by Anonymous
·
0⤊
0⤋