Overview
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common infection that usually occurs when bacteria enter the opening of the urethra and multiply in the urinary tract. The urinary tract includes the kidneys, the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder (ureters), bladder, and the tube that carries urine from the bladder (urethra). The special connection of the ureters at the bladder help prevent urine from backing up into the kidneys, and the flow of urine through the urethra helps to eliminate bacteria. Men, women, and children develop UTIs.
Types
Urinary tract infections usually develop first in the lower urinary tract (urethra, bladder) and, if not treated, progress to the upper urinary tract (ureters, kidneys). Bladder infection (cystitis) is by far the most common UTI. Infection of the urethra is called urethritis. Kidney infection (pyelonephritis) requires urgent treatment and can lead to reduced kidney function and possibly even death in untreated, severe cases.
Incidence and Prevalence
Approximately 8 to 10 million people in the United States develop a UTI each year. Women develop the condition much more often than men, for reasons that are not fully known, although the much shorter female urethra is suspected. The condition is rare in boys and young men.
Twenty percent of women in the United States develop a UTI and 20% of those have a recurrence. Urinary tract infections in children are more common in those under the age of 2.
Signs and Symptoms
Symptoms of UTI in young children include the following:
Diarrhea
Excessive crying that cannot be resolved by typical measures (e.g., feeding, holding)
Loss of appetite
Fever
Nausea and vomiting
Older children may experience the following symptoms with UTI:
Flank or lower back pain (with a kidney infection)
Frequent urination
Inability to produce more than a small amount of urine at a time
Incontinence
Pain in the abdomen or pelvic area
Painful urination (dysuria)
Urine that is cloudy or has an unusual smell
Symptoms of lower UTI (e.g., cystitis, urethritis) in adults include the following:
Back pain
Blood in the urine (hematuria)
Cloudy urine
Inability to urinate despite the urge
Fever
Frequent need to urinate
General discomfort (malaise)
Painful urination (dysuria)
Symptoms that indicate upper UTI (e.g., pyelonephritis) in adults include the following:
Chills
High fever
Nausea
Pain below the ribs
Vomiting
Complications
Hormonal changes and shifts in the urinary tract during pregnancy increase the risk for kidney infection. Prenatal care includes regular urine testing because bacteria are often present without causing symptoms and UTI during pregnancy may result in complications (e.g., premature birth, high blood pressure) for the mother and fetus. Diseases that suppress the immune system (e.g., HIV) and debilitating diseases (e.g., cancer, sickle cell anemia) increase the risk for UTIs and complications.
Treatment
Bladder infections and other urinary tract infections are often treated with antibacterial drugs. The type of drug used and the duration of treatment depend on the type of bacteria. Most UTIs are treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (e.g., Bactrim®, Cotrim®, Septra®), amoxicillin (e.g., Amoxil®, Trimox®), or fluoroquinolones (e.g., Levaquin®, Cipro®). The infection may improve within a couple of days, but 1 to 2 weeks of medication is may be prescribed to prevent a kidney infection.
UTIs that are caused by bacteria such as chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasma hominis require a longer course of treatment with tetracycline (e.g., Achromycin®), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or doxycycline (e.g., Periostat®).
Infections complicated by bladder outlet obstructions (e.g., kidney stone, BPH) and other risk factors (e.g., spinal cord injury) may require surgery to correct the cause of UTI. Kidney infections may require hospitalization and as many as 6 weeks of antibiotic treatment to prevent serious kidney damage.
Over-the-counter pain relievers (e.g., Tylenol®, Advil®) and a heating pad may be used to relieve discomfort caused by UTI. Drinking plenty of water helps to cleanse bacteria out of the urinary tract. Coffee, alcohol, and smoking should be avoided.
Frequent UTI (3 or more per year) may be treated with low-dose antibiotics for 6 months or longer or with a 1 to 2 day course when symptoms appear.
Follow up urinalysis is performed after treatment to make sure that the urinary tract is bacteria free.
Prevention
The following measures can reduce the risk for bladder infections and other UTIs:
Avoid products that may irritate the urethra (e.g., bubble bath, scented feminine products).
Cleanse the genital area before sexual intercourse.
Change soiled diapers in infants and toddlers promptly.
Drink plenty of water to remove bacteria from the urinary tract.
Do not routinely resist the urge to urinate.
Take showers instead of baths.
Urinate after sexual intercourse.
Women and girls should wipe from front to back after voiding to prevent contaminating the urethra with bacteria from the anal area.
2006-08-03 09:19:04
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answer #1
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answered by Anonymous
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Who told you? If a doctor told you, he also gave you medicine to take care of the infection. If you haven't been seen by a doctor, then you need to.
If you are taking medication for the urinary tract infection the best thing you can do is drink lots of water, at least 2 llters a day.
When you wipe after urinating, always wipe front to back.
2006-08-03 16:16:32
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answer #2
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answered by essentiallysolo 7
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Oh! been there done that! Drink LOTS of water, and cranberry juice (unsweetened, the sugar makes the infection worse!), or if you can't stand cranberry juice, go to the dollar store, and get a bottle of cranberry tablets, they work too. If that doesn't help by tomorrow, see a Dr. You may have to have antibiotics. Good luck to you.
2006-08-03 16:20:42
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answer #3
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answered by vspaulo 3
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How did you find out, did you go the doctor?? If you went to the doctor he should've given you some antibiotics to get rid of it and they have another medicine they can give you so it doesn't burn as much when you pee. If you haven't been to the doctor there is something over the counter now for UTI's. I'm not sure what its called but if you go the drug store and ask the pharmacist they can tell you what to get. Also, I'm not sure if your having sex or not but if you are if you make sure you always pee after sex you shouldn't get any UTI's anymore.
2006-08-03 16:16:23
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answer #4
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answered by Anonymous
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what you mean is UTI or Urinary Tract infection.
GO to your GP who will give you a 3 day of antibiotics possibly trimethoprim. Drink loads of fluids especially cranberry juice as it helps to neutralise the bacteria.
2006-08-03 16:16:23
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answer #5
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answered by shica2k1 2
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Make sure to go to a doctor because if you wait to long your kidneys will start to hurt which will feel like cramping in your lower back...that is bad news if you don't see a doctor and go on meds soon. Otherwise, once you're on meds you should feel better shortly thereafter...no worries, people get them all the time!
2006-08-03 16:16:30
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answer #6
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answered by hotshot 2
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How did you find out? Generally a doctor would tell you that...and s/he would give you antibiotics as well, to cure it.
And it's "urinary tract".
Get to a doctor and get some meds...untreated it can get pretty ugly and painful.
2006-08-03 16:15:21
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answer #7
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answered by . 7
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Drink lots of water, and cranberry juice. Don't hold pee inside your body, let it out, even though it stings. Take any medication your doctor gave you, on schedule, and finish it all (it's probably antibiotics) even after the pain goes away.
2006-08-03 16:15:08
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answer #8
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answered by cjsmommy 5
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Did the doctor prescribe antibiotics? Try drinking cranberry juice, lots of it. And make sure you see a doctor if you have not yet.
2006-08-03 16:14:43
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answer #9
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answered by tina18 3
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Drink lots and lots of water, and drink some cranberry juice. Take your meds, and don't drink soda, or anything dark. U need to flush your system out as well as take the meds.
2006-08-03 16:16:16
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answer #10
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answered by real_sweetheart_76 5
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you need an antibiotic and also drink a lot of water- avoid sex for a while- an urgent care doctor can prescribe you the antibiotic just be sure to tell him any drugs you are allergic to
2006-08-03 16:16:14
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answer #11
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answered by leo 4
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