how can i use GIS for definding the best place to bulid the elementry school?

Answer 1

First you need to go to college and learn the basic principles of urban planning and computer/information systems. Once you do this, you need to choose to pursue a Master's Degree in either Public Administration or Geography with a specific focus on geographic information systems (GIS.) Utilizing survey data, population trends such as population density and income, traffic flow patterns, physical geography, topography, water flow patterns and a whole plethora of other variables, you can determine the optimum location for an elementary school based upon the current state of the local area, projected growth and other trends.

Answer 2

Based on data having to do with population statistics, administrative boundaries, and legal boundaries, suitable possible locations for an elementary school can be determined. What you are trying to do is called "location analysis". In addition to the data mentioned above, there can be mitigating factors, hazards, and other factors that can affect where a school gets located. Some professionals use GIS and location analysis to determine the placement of businesses; this is a specialisation of business geography. You need not have an advanced degree to use GIS or figure out the location analysis techniques; however, from a career standpoint an advanced degree with training in GIS and spatial statistics would be advantageous.

Answer 3

First of all you must have or collect GIS database of the area including all the possible study areas. You can also create the database using GIS. After having all necessary data you can analysis them with some analysis module (eg. spatial analyst, 3D analyst, etc) of the software you are using. Best results of identification of best place depends on how you provide accurate data and conditions (at least area, distance from, must not be located within, etc) which must be met. Spatial data may be the administrative layers upto parcel level, road networks, population, other infrastructures, waterbodies, market, noise and the realative textual database.

Answer 4

Yes, you can. You can download the free version from ESRI and download certain layers for free. You can also purchase other layers as required. This is just a tool to help with the facilitation of the much larger engineering that will be required to plan and build the school.
Good luck with your school.