Despite international measures to reduce atmospheric concentrations of ozone destroying halogens to protect the ozone layer, global warming may lead to a weakening of the ozone layer, according to international scientists.
A team of German, Swiss and British scientists reported in the March 26 issue of the journal Science that while future climate change is expected to heat up the lower atmosphere it is likely to cool the air at the altitude of the ozone layer in the stratosphere.
Cooler air in the stratosphere may lead to increased polar stratospheric clouds, which are believed to play an essential role in ozone hole chemistry.
In particular, the cloud particles may settle lower atmospheric layers, thereby removing trace gases which under normal circumstances lead to a deactivation of ozone-destroying chlorine.
In other words, in a colder stratosphere the sediment particles may inhibit an important mechanism protecting ozone.
The scientists say this sedimentation process is sensitive to temperature changes. This process has been known for years to lead to massive chemical changes in the trace gas distribution of the Antarctic stratosphere, which is about 10 degrees colder than the Arctic.
They conclude that conditions in the Arctic are presently at a threshold for vertical redistribution of ozone-protecting trace gases due to the precipitation of the cloud particles.
In the future, due to greenhouse gas emissions, these processes might become strongly enhanced and postpone the anticipated healing of the ozone layer over the northern polar region to late in the next century, they said.
The Earth is heated by the sun; solar radiation passes through the atmosphere and is absorbed at the Earth's surface (except for a small portion that is reflected back into space). This heat is readily lost; it is emitted from the surface as infra-red radiation. Fortunately, this infra-red radiation cannot escape the atmosphere as easily as the solar radiation can enter. Instead, some of it is 'trapped' by a number of gases; these gases act in a similar, yet different, way to the glass in a greenhouse - heat is allowed in but cannot get out - hence we have the 'Greenhouse Effect'. Were it not for this natural greenhouse effect the Earth would be at least 30°C cooler and life as we know it would not exist.The problem
Unfortunately, recent human activities are enhancing the natural greenhouse effect. The concentrations of certain greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are increasing, therefore more of the infra-red radiation emitted by the Earth's surface is being trapped. The planet is losing less heat and as a result we are beginning to experience 'Global Warming'. Going back to the greenhouse analogy, it is as if the panes of glass are gradually becoming thicker.
The greenhouse gases
The major greenhouse gases are: water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, CFCs (and their replacements), and ozone. Some of these occur naturally, some result only from human activity, while others occur both naturally and as a result of human activity. The contribution of each gas to the greenhouse effect is a function of three factors:
Atmospheric lifetime - simply, how many years the gas remains active in the atmosphere.
Global warming potential (GWP) - a relative measure of how effective the gas is at preventing the passage of infra-red radiation (i.e. the Earth's heat). The GWP of CO2 is 1; methane, molecule for molecule, is eleven times as effective as CO2, therefore it has a GWP of 11.
Atmospheric concentration - usually measured in parts per million (ppm).
Water Vapour Water vapour is the most important greenhouse gas, although its concentration in the atmosphere is not directly influenced by human activity. However, any increase in global temperatures will increase concentrations, because, as air gets warmer it can hold more water vapour. Hence, any enhanced greenhouse effect caused by other greenhouse gases will increase the global warming effect of water vapour. Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide (CO2) exists naturally in the atmosphere; however, its concentration is increasing sharply as a result of human activities:
Fossil fuel burning: oil, gas, and coal are stores of carbon; when these are burnt, this carbon is released directly into the atmosphere as CO2
Deforestation: trees absorb CO2 from the atmosphere; if these trees are cut down they can no longer do this, therefore CO2 levels rise.
2006-07-29 13:31:57
·
answer #1
·
answered by tough as hell 3
·
1⤊
0⤋
Your question is not well posed, but Im gonna give it a whirl. Ozone layer is the protective cushion around our earths atmosphere ( for lack of better more scientific term) and global warming is the process occuring due to greenhouse gasses/flourocarbons etc. that threatens the continuity and thickness of that ozone layer. The ozone protects us from the sun/radiation. I guess you got some pretty simple laymans answers from me. Sorry.
2006-07-29 20:30:08
·
answer #3
·
answered by prancingmonkey 4
·
0⤊
0⤋
global warming is a farce. The hole in the ozone layer is much smaller than made out by liberal politicians & scientists.
just another plot to restrict and tax big business & americans
2006-07-29 20:43:50
·
answer #4
·
answered by biz owner 3
·
0⤊
0⤋