what is the best way to measure human capital development?

Answer 1

There is no "best way". There are multiple mesures, and each is important. Life expectancy, infant mortality, educational achievement, access to safe drinking water, electricity, and indoor plumbing all tell you about different aspects of human capital development.

Answer 2

"In the social production of their life, men enter into definite relations that are indispensable and independent of their will, relations of production which correspond to a definite stage of development of their material productive forces. The sum total of these relations of production constitutes the economic structure of society, the real foundation, on which rises a legal and political superstructure and to which correspond definite forms of social consciousness. "

Scientifically capital is identified rather that measured. Capital is not a homgeneous mass that is constant in identity for every specimen of capital as humans are not identical for every specimen of human. The Idea in the human specimen is as much a part of capital as is his/her labour power, his/her knowledge, his/her efficiency for duty execution (skill), .... The accumulation of machinary and technology changes the efficiency for the production of things, but perhaps not the production for/of humans and their quality. To what end is this question. Social consciousness?