Descride how electrons move around the nucleus of the atom.?

Question

Consider the Hyrogen atom with one proton, one neutron and one electron.

Answer 1

It's not clear that they do. If they did, they'd emit EM radiation. Instead there is a wave function describing the electron about a nucleus.

One interpretation of the wave function is the probability of finding the electron there. Of course that suggests that the electron is a particle and moves about.

Another interpretation is the density of the electron field about the nucleus. So you can look at this as the electron is a field, w/ high and low densities in some portions of space.

Answer 2

The Bohr theory said that electrons rotated around the nucleus but on some precise orbits however quantum mechanics has shown that an electron is not in a defined place at a defined moment.

Electrons orbitals are shown as an electron cloud, which shows the area where an electron is most likely to be at a given time. Because the electron in Hydrogen is in the 1s orbital, its electron cloud is shaped like a sphere. Basically, the electron moves around the nucleus in a spherical pattern.

Answer 3

Electrons move around the nucleus. Their path/trajectory can't be accurately calculated/determined (because of Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle : It is impossible to simultaneously determine the momentum (=velocity X mass) as well as location of a body... That statement may sound incorrect when applied to macroscopic objects but it becomes true at in the case of particles with sub-atomic dimensions...like electron). Hence scientists developed 'Quantum Physics'. It is the physics exclusively meant for sub-atomic particles. As per the latest theory it is only possible to calculate the 'probability' , whether an electron is present at a particular angle and distance from nucleus or not. They pictorial representation of the calculations performed by the scientists on the basis of 'Schrödinger Equation' give us some rough idea about regions where the probability of finding electrons is very high (about 90%). These regions are called orbitals. They appear like cloud.(That's just for you to get an impression ... for visualising them ... obviously they aren't clouds.)

Answer 4

It is not helpful to think of the electrons as "moving" around the nucleus. Instead think of the electrons as being standing waves of energy that have different shapes depending on their orbitals and levels of energy. Some of these shapes pass right through the nucleus of the atom.

The lowest level of energy (s) has a spherical shape. Some are like sphere within spheres.

The next level of energy (p) has a dumbell shape. There are up to three of these levels and you can visualize them as being oriented along the x, y, and z axis in three dimensions.

The next level of energy (d) has more complex shapes. Some are like the (p) dumbell shapes but are squeezed between the axes. One has a dumbell shape with a donut around its middle.

The highest level of energy (f) that elements use to form chemical bonds is even stranger, looking like lobes or dumbells with double donuts.

I have avoided talking about quantum numbers but you have to refer to them to correctly talk about electron orbitals. For example, there are more than one s energy level and a 2s level is higher than a 1p level. To keep this simple I have not told everything one needs to know but this is just an introduction anyway.

For more reading and seeing what the orbitals look like go to link: http://www.orbitals.com/orb/
and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_orbital

The letters, s, p, d, f are just letters that were originally used to associate electrons to attributes of their light spectrums s=sharp, p=principle, d=diffuse, and f=fine. The words have no importance or meaning for orbitals and can be forgotten. The only reason why I mentioned them is that everyone always asks what the letters mean. They are used because of historical reasons in the development of quantum theory.

Good Luck in your studies.

Answer 5

More like an electronic smear rather than a nice well defined orbit such as the planets Mercury or Earth move in around our Sun.

Answer 6

According to Rutherford, the electron remains stationary, but on Niels Bohr's, which I think is more appropriate, it's just like the planet cycle, it moves in a spiral manner because of energy

Answer 7

electrons move vey quickly,,,that's how