By romancing Caesar and Marc Antony, she through Rome into turmoil. She did have a son by Caesar, and posed with him as Isis with her child (I can't remember the god's name). When Marc Antony came to her, he was a member of the triumverate that was ruling Rome at the time, and Caesar Augustus used the fact that he was "lolling about" with Cleopatra as evidence that he was abandoning Rome, and declared war.
Cleopatra was every bit the leader of Egypt, not just a figurehead, so when she and Marc Antony fought Augustus, she literally fought right alongside him. It wasn't just a love match--they needed each other politically, too.
As to her being bitten by an asp, there is only one historical text which provided this story, and even that author only listed it as a possibility. It's more likely that she poisoned herself to avoid being Augustus' trophy once she had been captured. It would have been too humiliating for her to have been dragged through the streets of Rome as a prisoner of war, which was a common practice.
2006-07-27 04:00:00
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answer #1
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answered by cross-stitch kelly 7
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Cleopatra VII Philopator (in Greek:ÎλεοÏάÏÏα ΦιλοÏάÏÏÏ; January 69 BC – August 12, 30 BC), later Cleopatra Thea Neotera Philopator kai Philopatris, was queen of Ptolemaic Egypt, the last member of the Ptolemaic dynasty and hence the last Hellenistic ruler of Egypt. Although many other Egyptian Queens shared the name, she is usually known as simply Cleopatra, and all of her similarly named predecessors have mostly been forgotten.
Cleopatra was a co-ruler of Egypt with her father (Ptolemy XII Auletes), her brothers/husbands Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV and later her son Ptolemy XV Caesarion. Cleopatra survived a coup engineered by her son Ptolemy XIII's courtiers, consummated a liaison with Gaius Julius Caesar that solidified her grip on the throne, and, after Caesar's assassination, aligned with Mark Antony, with whom she produced twins. She later married Mark Antony and gave birth to another son. In all, Cleopatra had 4 children, 3 by Antony and 1 by Caesar. Her unions with her brothers produced no children.
After Antony's rival and Caesar's legal heir, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian, brought the might of Rome against Egypt, Cleopatra took her own life on August 12, 30 BC. Her legacy survives in the form of numerous dramatizations of her story, including William Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra and several modern films.
Cleopatra was a direct decendent of Ptolemy I Soter, son of Arsinoe of Macedonia and Philip II of Macedon, who was the father of Alexander the Great. A Greek by language and culture, Cleopatra is reputed to have been the first member of her family in their 300-year reign in Egypt to have learned the Egyptian language.
The access to the throne
Pharaoh Ptolemy XII died in March 51 BC making the 17 year old Cleopatra and the 10 year old Ptolemy XIII joint monarchs. These first three years of their reign was difficult due to economic difficulties, famine, deficient floods of Nile and political conflicts.
In August 51 BC relations between the sovereigns completely broke down, as Cleopatra was dropping Ptolemy's name from official documents and Cleopatra's face was appearing alone on coins, which went against Ptolemaic tradition of female rulers being subordinate to male co-rulers. This beaver resulted in a cabal of courtiers, led by the eunuch Pothinus (either a castrated man or, in ancient terms, any man who is impotent with women) , removing Cleopatra from power and making Ptolemy sole ruler in circa 48 BC (possibly earlier, a decree exists with Ptolemy's name alone from 51 BC). She tried to raise a rebellion around Pelusium but she was soon forced to flee Egypt with her only surviving sister, Arsinoë.[1]
Caesar and Caesarion
In Plutarch, eager to take advantage of Julius Caesar's anger with Ptolemy, Queen Cleopatra returned to the palace in a sack and had it presented to Caesar by her servant. It was at this point Caesar abandoned his plans to annex Egypt, instead backing Cleopatra's claim to the throne. After a short civil war, Ptolemy XIII was drowned in the Nile and Caesar restored Cleopatra to her throne, with another younger brother Ptolemy XIV as new co-ruler.
Despite the thirty year age difference, during his stay in Egypt between 48 BC and 47 BC Caesar became Cleopatra's lover. On 23 June 47 BC Cleopatra gave birth to Caesar's son, Ptolemy Caesar (nicknamed "Caesarion" which means "little Caesar"). Caesar refused to make the boy his heir, against Cleopatra's wishes, naming his grand-nephew Octavian instead.
Cleopatra and Caesarion visited Rome between 46 BC and 44 BC and were present when Caesar was assassinated on 15 March 44 BC. Before or just after she returned to Egypt, Ptolemy XIV died mysteriously (possibly poisoned by Cleopatra). Cleopatra then made Caesarion her co-regent and successor.
Cleopatra and Mark Antony
In 42 BC, Mark Antony, one of the triumvirs who ruled Rome in the power vacuum following Caesar's death, summoned Cleopatra to meet him in Tarsus to answer questions about her loyalty. Cleopatra arrived in great state, and so charmed Antony that he chose to spend the winter of 42 BC–41 BC with her in Alexandria. During the winter (25 December 40 BC), she gave birth to twins, who were named Alexander Helios and Cleopatra Selene (II) .
What did Cleopatra really look like?
Despite coins and beliefs based on her reputation, it is difficult to know exactly what Cleopatra looked like in real life. In all likelihood, she was not as beautiful as often thought. However, it is generally believed that it was not her physical attributes that made her desirable, but rather her personality, confidence, and intelligence. She is believed to have been physically attractive and well kept, but not of outstanding beauty. [3]
Her language skills certainly assisted in her alliances, being that she spoke almost all of the common Mediterranean languages spoken at the time. She was assertive, outspoken, and strategic in her political and military stance. It is, therefore, most likely that one of her most distinguishing characteristics was her powerful yet manipulative nature. [4]
Wow!! So much info on someone who lived so long ago! I wonder if it was all written by a male- that'd explain why they made her look so evil. If you read it carefully you'll find she did things to see the wrong in the ways of her lovers/husbands! In the link it has a story about how she showed Ceasar the real meaning of money using food and a pearl.
2006-07-27 01:23:17
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answer #5
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answered by canguroargentino 4
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