Rape is considered a long and very brutal torture process to women, its not really forced sex, forced sex is the cover and its name, its a torture process , same as burning someone, cutting someone, only this one is done through sex
Whais psychological stress and pain?
Psychological pain is pain caused by psychological stress and by psychological trauma, as
distinct from that caused by physiological injuries and other physical syndromes. The practice
of torture induces psychological pain through various acts that often involve both physiological
torture and psychological torture to achieve a tactical goal.
Examples of psychological stress include: paralysing fear of death or pain, uncertainty,
unfulfilled anticipation, fear for (and of) others and desire for (and of) others. But torture
also creates other extreme dynamics, and can disrupt usual cognitive processes to such an extent
that the subject is unable to retain the usual sense of personal boundaries, friends and
enemies, love and hate, and other major human psychological dynamics.
Some well-known animal experiments performed in the 20th century show that in addition to these,
the subject's own strengths and weaknesses can be enhanced by psychological stress to the point
that they will enter a "grey" mental world of great suggestibility, where certain critical
faculties in the brain shut down under overload. This renders them less able to judge what they
believe and refute, to conduct logical argument or reject the views of interrogators, and can
cause them in some cases even to side with the torturer in confusion.
Psychological aspects of torture to the tortured
As normal developing human beings, people internalize certain concepts needed to support their
ability to face life. For example, they come to understand that there are people and authorities
who will support them, they psychologically become independent and individual from their peer
group (individuation), they believe they have validity purpose and "a place" simply by virtue of
being a human being and that they are not simply an "object", they have many life-experiences
which give them pride and self-confidence, and so on. These are a very profound platform for
growth; if it is removed or damaged, a person's entire ability to know what and who they are in
relationship to the world can be devastated.
Torture splinters these by guile and sheer force, using both psychological design and the impact
of massive unavoidable sustained physical pain. In doing so, it shatters deep down narcissistic
fantasies of uniqueness, omnipotence, invulnerability, and impenetrability which help sustain
personality. Seeking an alternate means to comprehend the changed world, torture subjects grow
into a fantasy of merging with an idealized and omnipotent (though not benign) other—the
inflicter of agony. The twin processes of individuation and separation which sustain independent
adulthood are reversed.
Beatrice Patsalides describes this transmogrification thus in "Ethics of the unspeakable:
Torture survivors in psychoanalytic treatment":
"As the gap between the 'I' and the 'me' deepens, dissociation and alienation increase. The
subject that, under torture, was forced into the position of pure object has lost his or her
sense of interiority, intimacy, and privacy. Time is experienced now, in the present only, and
perspective—that which allows for a sense of relativity—is foreclosed. Thoughts and dreams
attack the mind and invade the body as if the protective skin that normally contains our
thoughts, gives us space to breathe in between the thought and the thing being thought about,
and separates between inside and outside, past and present, me and you, was lost."
Psychological effects of pain
Spitz observes:
"Pain is also unsharable in that it is resistant to language ... All our interior states of
consciousness: emotional, perceptual, cognitive and somatic can be described as having an object
in the external world ... This affirms our capacity to move beyond the boundaries of our body
into the external, sharable world. This is the space in which we interact and communicate with
our environment. But when we explore the interior state of physical pain we find that there is
no object "out there"—no external, referential content. Pain is not of, or for, anything. Pain
is. And it draws us away from the space of interaction, the sharable world, inwards. It draws us
into the boundaries of our body."
Extending torture to family and friends
A common factor of psychological torture, at times the only factor, is to extend the activity to
family, friends, and others for whom the subject has a deep concern (the "social body"). This
further disrupts the individual's familiar expectations of their environment, their control over
their circumstances, and the strength of (and ability to help and be helped by) their closest
relationships and lifelong support network.
The perversion of intimacy
Torture is the ultimate act of perverted intimacy. The torturer invades the subject's body,
pervades his psyche, and possesses his mind. Deprived of contact with others and starved for
human interactions, the prey bonds with the predator. "Traumatic bonding," akin to Stockholm
syndrome, is about hope and the search for meaning in the brutal and indifferent and nightmarish
universe of the torture cell.
The abuser or user becomes the black hole at the center of the victim's surrealistic galaxy,
sucking in the sufferer's universal need for solace. The subject tries to "control" his or her
tormentor by becoming one with him or her (introjecting) and appealing in vain to the monster's
presumably dormant humanity and empathy.
This bonding is especially strong when the torturer and the tortured form a dyad and
"collaborate" in the rituals and acts of torture (for instance, when the victim is coerced into
selecting the torture implements and the types of torment to be inflicted, or to be forced to
choose between two evils named by the torturer).
The psychologist Shirley Spitz offers this powerful overview of the contradictory nature of
torture in a seminar titled "The Psychology of Torture" (1989):
"Torture is an obscenity in that it joins what is most private with what is most public. Torture
entails all the isolation and extreme solitude of privacy with none of the usual security
embodied therein ... Torture entails at the same time all the self exposure of the utterly
public with none of its possibilities for camaraderie or shared experience. (The presence of an
all powerful other with whom to merge, without the security of the other's benign intentions.)
A further obscenity of torture is the inversion it makes of intimate human relationships. The
interrogation is a form of social encounter in which the normal rules of communicating, of
relating, of intimacy are manipulated. Dependency needs are elicited by the interrogator, but
not so they may be met as in close relationships, but to weaken and confuse. Independence that
is offered in return for "betrayal" is a lie. Silence is intentionally misinterpreted either as
confirmation of information or as guilt for 'complicity.'
Forced absorption of the torturer's perspective
Torture combines complete humiliating exposure with utter devastating isolation. The final
products and outcome of torture are a scarred and often shattered subject and an empty display
of the fiction of power and control. It is about reprogramming the subject to succumb to an
alternative exegesis of the world, proffered by the abuser or user. It is an act of deep,
indelible, traumatic indoctrination. The abused or used also swallows whole and assimilates the
torturer's negative view of him and often, as a result, is rendered suicidal, self-destructive,
or self-defeating.
Obsessed by endless agonized ruminations, demented by pain and a continuum of sleeplessness or
sleepfulness, unable to stand back and see the past, present and future in neutral perspective,
the subject regresses, shedding all but the most primitive defense mechanisms: splitting,
narcissism, dissociation, projective identification, introjection, and cognitive dissonance. The
subject constructs an alternative world, often suffering from depersonalization and
derealization, hallucinations, ideas of reference, delusions, and psychotic episodes.
Sometimes the subject comes to crave pain—very much as self-mutilators do—because it is a proof
and a reminder of his or her individuated existence otherwise blurred by the incessant torture.
Pain shields the sufferer from disintegration and capitulation. It preserves the veracity of his
or her unthinkable and unspeakable experiences.
This dual process of the subject's alienation and addiction to anguish complements the
perpetrator's view of his or her quarry as "inhuman" or "subhuman." The torturer assumes the
position of the sole authority, the exclusive fount of meaning and interpretation, the source of
both evil and good.
Thus, torture seems forever. The sounds, the voices, the smells, the sensations reverberate long
after the episode has ended—both in nightmares and in waking moments. The subject's ability to
trust other people—i.e., to assume that their motives are at least rational, if not necessarily
benign—has been irrevocably undermined. Social institutions are perceived as precariously poised
on the verge of an ominous, Kafkaesque mutation. Nothing is either safe, or credible anymore.
Psychological effects of torture to the tortured
Direct effects
Subjects typically oscillate between emotional numbing and highly sensitive arousal: insomnia,
irritability, restlessness, and attention deficits. Recollections of the traumatic events
intrude in the form of dreams, night terrors, flashbacks, and distressing associations.
Long-term coping mechanisms include the development of compulsive rituals to fend off obsessive
thoughts. Other psychological consequences include cognitive impairment, reduced capacity to
learn, memory disorders, sexual dysfunction, social withdrawal, inability to maintain long-term
relationships, or even mere intimacy, phobias, ideas of reference and superstitions, delusions,
hallucinations, psychotic microepisodes, and emotional flatness.
Depression and anxiety are very common. These are forms and manifestations of self-directed
aggression. The sufferer rages at their own suffering and resulting multiple dysfunction. They
feel shamed by their new disabilities and responsible, or even guilty, somehow, for their
predicament and the dire consequences borne by their nearest and dearest. Their sense of self-
worth and self-esteem are crippled.
Long-term effects
Torture subjects often suffer from a post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Their strong
feelings of hate, rage, terror, guilt, shame, and sorrow are also typical of subjects of
childhood abuse, domestic violence, domestic vice, rape and incest, all contexts which contain
chronic torture too. They feel anxious because the perpetrator's behavior is seemingly arbitrary
and unpredictable—or mechanically and inhumanly regular.
They feel guilty and disgraced because, to restore a semblance of order to their shattered world
and a modicum of dominion over their chaotic life, they need to transform themselves into the
cause of their own degradation and the accomplices of their tormentors.
Inevitably, in the aftermath of torture, its subjects feel helpless and powerless. This loss of
control over one's life and body is manifested physically in impotence, attention deficits, and
insomnia. This is often exacerbated by the disbelief many torture subjects encounter, especially
if they are unable to produce scars, or other "objective" proof of their ordeal. Language cannot
communicate such an intensely private experience as pain.
Social effects
Bystanders resent the tortured because the tortured make the bystanders feel guilty and ashamed
for having done nothing to prevent the atrocity. The sufferers threaten their sense of security
and their much-needed belief in predictability, justice, and rule of law. The sufferers, on
their part, do not believe that it is possible to effectively communicate to "outsiders" what
they have been through. The torture chambers are "another galaxy." This is how Auschwitz was
described by the author K. Zetnik in his testimony in the Eichmann trial in Jerusalem in 1961.
Kenneth Pope, in "Torture," a chapter he wrote for the "Encyclopedia of Women and Gender: Sex
Similarities and Differences and the Impact of Society on Gender," quotes Harvard psychiatrist
Judith Herman:
"It is very tempting to take the side of the perpetrator. All the perpetrator asks is that the
bystander do nothing. He appeals to the universal desire to see, hear, and speak no evil. The
victim, on the contrary, asks the bystander to share the burden of pain. The victim demands
action, engagement, and remembering."
But, more often, continued attempts to repress fearful memories result in psychosomatic
illnesses (conversion). The subject wishes to forget the torture, to avoid re-experiencing the
often life threatening abuse and to shield their human environment from the horrors. In
conjunction with the subject's pervasive distrust, this is frequently interpreted as
hypervigilance, or even paranoia. It seems that the subject can't win. Torture seems forever
2006-07-26 10:21:09
·
answer #1
·
answered by The Hitman 4
·
4⤊
3⤋